ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is a tumor that develops in the ovaries, the female reproductive organs responsible for creating eggs and hormones. It is the fifth most prevalent malignancy in women and is generally identified at an advanced stage owing to the lack of particular early signs. Ovarian cancer may produce different symptoms, including bloating, pelvic discomfort, changes in bowel habits, and feeling full rapidly. Risk factors for ovarian cancer include family history, inherited gene mutations (BRCA1/BRCA2), rising age, and specific hormonal variables. Diagnosis requires a mix of physical examination, medical history review, imaging tests (such as ultrasound or CT scans), blood tests (such as CA-125), and tissue biopsy. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted treatments, and immunotherapy, depending on the stage and features of the malignancy. Regular follow-up treatment is needed since ovarian cancer might return. Genetic testing and counseling may be indicated for those with a family history of ovarian or breast cancer. Supportive treatment and patient education play significant roles in addressing the physical and emotional issues associated with ovarian cancer. Early identification, knowledge of symptoms, and prompt medical action are critical for improving outcomes and survival rates.