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Clear focus on its application of formal logic to ordinary English is the most distinctive feature of this textbook for the introductory course in deductive logic. Great care is taken with the appropriate translation into logical languages of ordinary English sentences. Evaluation of these translations promotes a more effective use of ordinary language.The Principles of Deductive Logic presents symbolic logic in a fuller and more leisurely fashion than other introductory textbooks. Early chapters cover informal material, including definition and informal fallacies. The remainder of the text is devoted to the treatment of four distinct artificial languages. The Categorical language is the language of syllogistic logic. The Extended Categorical language enriches this first language with the symbolic connectives for conjunction and negation. The Propositional Connective language and the First-Order language (with identity) are the two basic languages of modern logic. Each language is accompanied by a deductive system, and is used as an instrument for exploring ordinary language, including ordinary argumentsThe book contains a large number of exercises whose answers are supplied in the back of the book, and many more that can be assigned as homework. A solution's manual is available to instructors upon their request. The request must be written on college or university letterhead.

An intensive examination of the theoretical writings of cultural and literary critic Stanley Fish.

A riveting analysis of the struggle to eliminate affirmative action at the University of California.

Provocative reappraisal of the portrayal of women in Julio Cortázar's short stories.

Explores the relation of post-colonization authors to literary traditions.

Using the original, little-known writings of Sufis Muhammad and 'Ali Wafa', this book explores the development of the idea of Islamic sainthood in the post-Ibn 'Arabi period.

Here is what the Framers of the Constitution thought about economic rights. To the current debate over constitutional interpretation, this book adds a dispassionate examination of our beginnings. It focuses on the philosophical, political, and social currents that influenced the thought and behavior of the Framers.What was the relationship between property rights and liberty? How important to the Framers was the protection of economic liberties? In what ways does the Constitution protect these liberties? Was the Constitution a document forged with the intent of securing what would later be called a capitalist system? Or were the Framers primarily concerned with promoting a society based upon civic virtue? These are a few of the major themes that the authors of this volume address.

This collection of essays addresses twentieth-century historical and contemporary issues regarding children who are considered to be at risk. The essays explore the language of risk as it is used by the courts, the schools, governmental agencies, and child advocates, those who discover risks and create correctives for children who both need protection and threaten to disturb the social order. The tasks require an exploration of differing, often contradictory, concepts of the child and society that are embedded in public policy debates. Deepening the complexity of the problems, institutions to which we look for solutions are too often faced with conflicts that arise when the needs of the child are at variance with the needs of the institutions themselves. These dilemmas are central to understanding our failure to achieve adequate public policy solutions for children at risk.

Preface Introduction 1. Wang Pi: Life and Thought 2. Wang Pi: Non-being, Principle, and the Ideal Sage 3. Ho-shang Kung: Legend and Commentary 4. Ho-shang Kung: Cosmology, Government, and the Ideal Sage 5. Wang Pi and Ho-shang Kung Compared Notes Glossary Selected Bibliography Index

Among Asian languages, Tibetan is second only to Chinese in the depth of its historical record, with texts dating back as far as the eighth and ninth centuries, written in an alphabetic script that preserves the contemporaneous phonological features of the language.The Classical Tibetan Language is the first comprehensive description of the Tibetan language and is distinctive in that it treats the classical Tibetan language on its own terms rather than by means of descriptive categories appropriate to other languages, as has traditionally been the case. Beyer presents the language as a medium of literary expression with great range, power, subtlety, and humor, not as an abstract object. He also deals comprehensively with a wide variety of linguistic phenomena as they are actually encountered in the classical texts, with numerous examples of idioms, common locutions, translation devices, neologisms, and dialectal variations.

Thomas Alexander shows that the primary, guiding concern of Dewey's philosophy is his theory of aesthetic experience. He directly challenges those critics, most notably Stephen Pepper and Benedetto Croce, who argued that this area is the least consistent part of Dewey's thought.The author demonstrates that the fundamental concept in Dewey's system is that of "experience" and that paradigmatic treatment of experience is to be found in Dewey's analysis of aesthetics and art. The confusions resulting from the neglect of this orientation have led to prolonged misunderstandings, eventual neglect, and unwarranted popularity for ideas at odds with the genuine thrust of Dewey's philosophical concerns. By exposing the underlying aesthetic foundations of Dewey's philosophy, Alexander aims to rectify many of these errors, generating a fruitful new interest in Dewey.

This is the first translation of this work into English since 1776, and the only English version that is complete and unadulterated.Sophie von LaRoche is credited with being the first German female novelist and author of the first German "woman's novel." The History of Lady Sophia Sternheim is the first German Bildungsroman with a female protaganist, the first full-fledged German epistolary novel, and the first German sentimental novel. Its autobiographical aspects, incorporating thinly disguised vignettes of Wieland, Goethe, and other great figures of the day, give the work an unmistakably true-to-life flavor and immediacy.

The authors analyze and discuss the field of communication from a multidimensional point of view. Divided into three parts, the first traces its history from scientific, humanistic, and technological roots. The second explores communication theory in the areas of interpersonal, organizational, mass media, intercultural, telecommunication, nonverbal, and with reference to issues of gender as the authors summarize the most significant theories, research, and practices in each area. A discussion of the future direction of communication research is provided in the final section.

Explores the history of Muslim women and debates over gender, which have developed since the golden age of Islam.

In 1901 Buffalo was the national symbol of the country's optimism, pride, and braggadocio. Toward the close of the century, it epitomizes the sense of economic and demographic crisis prevalent in American industrial cities.High Hopes analyzes and interprets the historical forces-external and internal- that have shaped New York's second largest city. It examines the historical shifts that have served as a catalyst in Buffalo's growth, charting the city's evolution from a small frontier community through its development as a major commercial center and its emergence and eventual decline as a significant industrial metropolis. Mark Goldman looks at the detailed patterns of local daily life from the settlement of the village in the early nineteenth century to the tragedy of Love Canal. In the process, he covers a wide range of topics, including work, ethnicity, family and community life, class structure, and values and beliefs. By bringing to bear on the events and developments that have shaped Buffalo a broad range of subjects and ideas, Goldman helps readers to understand the vast array of complex forces at work in the historical development of all American cities.

Describes the move from modern, mechanistic science to a post-modern, organismic science.

Prologue 1. Introduction: The Problem of IndividuationJorge J. E. Gracia 2. The Legacy of the Early Middle AgesJorge J. E. Gracia 3. The Islamic Background: Avicenna (b. 980; d. 1037) and Averroes (b. 1126; d. 1198)Allan Bäck 4. The Jewish Tradition: Maimonides (b. 1135; d. 1204), Gersonides (b. 1288; d. 1344), and Bedersi (b. 1270; d. 1340)Tamar M. Rudavsky 5. Albert the Great (b. 1200; d. 1280)Jeremiah M. G. Hackett 6. Roger Bacon (b. ca. 1214/20; d. 1292)Jeremiah M. G. Hackett 7. Bonaventure (b. ca. 1216; d. 1274)Peter O. King 8. Thomas Aquinas (b. ca. 1225; d. 1274)Joseph Owens 9. Henry of Ghent (b. ca. 1217; d. 1293)Stephen F. Brown 10. Godfrey of Fontaines (b. ca. 1250; d. 1306/09), Peter of Auvergne (d. 1303), and John Baconthorpe (d. 1345/48)John F. Wippel 11. James of Viterbo (b. ca. 1255; d. 1308)John F. Wippel 12. John Duns Scotus (b. ca. 1265; d. 1308)Allan B. Wolter 13. Hervaeus Natalis (b. 1250/60; d. 1323) and Richard of Mediavilla (b. 1245/49; d. 1302/07)Mark G. Henninger 14. Durand of Saint Pourçain (b. ca. 1270; d. 1334)Mark G. Henninger 15. Henry of Harclay (b. ca. 1270; d. 1317)Mark G. Henninger 16. Walter Burley (b. ca. 1275; d. 1344 or later)Ivan Boh 17. William of Ockham (b. ca. 1285; d. 1347)Armand A. Maurer 18. Jean Buridan (b. ca. 1295/1300; d. after 1358)Peter O. King 19. Cardinal Cajetan (Thomas De Vio) (b. 1468; d. 1534) and Giles of Rome (b. ca. 1243/47; d. 1316)Linda Peterson 20. Chrysostom Javellus (b. 1472; d. 1538) and Francis Sylvester Ferrara (b. 1474; d. 1526)Mauricio Beuchot 21. Francis Suárez (b. 1548; d. 1617)Jorge J. E. Gracia22. John of Saint Thomas (b. 1589; d. 1644) Jorge J. E. Gracia and John Kronen 23. The Scholastic Background of Modern Philosophy: Entitas and Individuation in LeibnizIgnacio Angelelli Epilogue: Individuation in ScholasticismJorge J. E. Gracia Bibliography Sigla Contributors Index of Authors Index of Subjects

This book probes the nature, scope, and methods of 'ilm al- 'umran, the new science of human social organization, as it is developed in Ibn Khaldun's 14th-century masterpiece, the Mugaddimah. It explores his ideas and observations on society, culture, socialization, social control, the state, asabiyah (social solidarity), history as a cyclical movement, urbanization, and the typology of badawa (primitive life) and hadara (civilized life or urbanism).Through a comparative perspective, this study illustrates that Khaldun's ideas about society have conceptually preceded those of Machiavelli, Vico, and Turgot, as well as those of Montesqueau, Comte, Durkheim, Gumplowicz, Spengler, Tonnies, and even Marx. Society, State, and Urbanism demonstrates that Ibn Khaldun's thought is relevant to contemporary sociological theory, and that his very language differs little from that of classical and modern sociologists.

The economic, social, political, military, and intellectual aspects of the Muslims' concern for history reveal the general structure of their perception of reality.

Thinking Through Confucius critically interprets the conceptual structure underlying Confucius' philosophical reflections. It also investigates "thinking," or "philosophy" from the perspective of Confucius. Perhaps the philosophical question of our time is "what is philosophy". The authors suggest that an examination of the Chinese philosophy may provide an alternative definition of philosophy that can be used to address some of the pressing issues of the Western cultural tradition. This book finds an appropriate language for the interpretation of traditional Chinese philosophical thought - a language which is relatively free from the bias and presuppositions of Western philosophy.

Addresses the question of whether special preference for friends is morally justified.

This book brings together the best writing on Japanese business in a comprehensive reader, illustrating the impact of Japanese culture and lifeways on all facets of business behavior. The authors examine not only Japanese management, but also production, accounting, marketing, distribution, law, and interpersonal relationships. Essays include analyses by businessmen, management scholars, anthropologists, and lawyers, all in one accessible volume for those concerned with Japanese business performance, the international business climate, and cooperative ventures between cultures and corporations.

This book represents the first wide-scale presentation and interpretation of pre-kabbalistic, Jewish mysticism. This is the Hekhalot or Merkavah mysticism. The emphasis is on the conceptions of God, the angels, and man that the texts provide and that are the framework of the Judaic world view in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages.This interpretation is based on the major works of this early Jewish mysticism: Hekhalot Rabbati ("The Greater Palaces"), Hekhalot Zutarti ("The Lesser Palaces"), Ma'aseh Merkavah ("The Working of the Chariot"), Merkavah Rabbah ("The Great Chariot)" and the Third (Hebrew) Book of Enoch. Many quotations from this largely unknown body of esoteric literature are included.The experience of the mystical heroes of this literature moves between the two poles of the heavenly journey-between the ascent of the mystic through the seven palaces to the Throne of Glory and the adjuration, the attempt to invoke God and his angels in order to force them to fulfill man's will. Both are permeated by magic, and the world view of this first stage of Jewish mysticism is thus deeply magical. The circles which formed it were concerned with nothing less than a radical transformation of the world of normative Judaism that for centuries was determined by the Rabbis.

In this bold political rethinking of contemporary film theory, Zavarzadeh overturns the dominant concepts that fetishize film as a work of art or simple entertainment. He demonstrates how aesthetic notions obscure the ideological effects produced by viewing films, particularly the production of the spectator as the subject of social class. Seeing films, he argues, is part of the political struggle over cultural intelligibilities, subjectivities, and representations. One of the book's analytical innovations is its concept of renarrating: a reading strategy that displays the logic of the film, showing that it is not so much a unique aesthetic articulation as it is the common logic of the dominant ideology. In a series of brilliant readings of recent films, the book constructs a critical space for the reader to not only see the culturally visible tale of the film-the one that legitimates the existing reality, the status quo-but also to see the other, suppressed tale that (de)narrates the social contradictions arising from exploitation and class rule.