Böcker utgivna av Springer

This book provides a collection of key papers about migration, focusing on multiple aspects of international and internal migration in various times and places. Because migration has been such an important part of global peopling, the book contains synopses of major geographic movements from ancient and early history as well as the present. It includes material from anthropology, archaeology, criminology, demography, economics, ethnic studies, geography, health sciences, history, law, public policy, political science, psychology, and sociology. By providing a treatment of migration that is multifaceted, comparative, and multi-disciplinary, it offers not only a basis for conceptualizing broad features of migration and their changes, but also one for discerning the formal and informal policy auspices that have influenced migration. The book thus constitutes a significant resource for students, teachers, practitioners, scholars, and researchers interested in or working on aspectsof migration in any field. It should be particularly useful for people seeking information and knowledge about migration from fields other than their own.

This book focuses on EU-MERCOSUR relations from a diplomatic and trade perspective against the background of the political agreement between the two in 2019. The authors take into consideration that EU-MERCOSUR cooperation developed during recent decades has tried, on the one hand, to build a strategic partnership to respond to the main challenges of international agendas and, on the other, to incorporate in Latin American countries the European new vision of transatlantic regionalism. Starting from a historical perspective of the development of interregionalism between the EU and MERCOSUR, the book goes on to study the geopolitical impacts of Brexit, stagnation of the EU-USA relationship, the COVID-19 pandemic, and of new geopolitical players in EU-LAC interregionalism. It discusses the legal institutional framework of the EU-MERCOSUR relations and provides a comparative view of features of MERCOSUR countries vis-à-vis the European Union. The book also analyses and provides a comprehensive overview of various aspects of interregional trade in the context of the 2019 agreement. Highly topical and authored by experts in this field, this book is of interest to a wide readership in the social sciences and economics: from political sociology to international relations, diplomacy studies and international trade.

The book introduces readers to the heritage of St. Petersburg, sharing the geological history of a unique city, a world heritage site, and part of the UNESCO list. It also explains the role of small towns and fortresses near St. Petersburg, whose stone decoration played an essential role in the city¿s evolution and was key in the history of neighboring cultures. The book also describes the main architectural symbols of St. Petersburg, such as the Alexander Column, the Bronze Horseman, the Peter and Paul Fortress and more. In addition to five guided tours of the city center, it offers descriptions of historic quarries, some of which are now open-air museums.

This book presents the state-of-the-art applications of machine learning in the finance domain with a focus on financial product modeling, which aims to advance the model performance and minimize risk and uncertainty. It provides both practical and managerial implications of financial and managerial decision support systems which capture a broad range of financial data traits. It also serves as a guide for the implementation of risk-adjusted financial product pricing systems, while adding a significant supplement to the financial literacy of the investigated study.The book covers advanced machine learning techniques, such as Support Vector Machine, Neural Networks, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Extreme Learning Machine, Deep Learning Approaches, and their application to finance datasets. It also leverages real-world financial instances to practice business product modeling and data analysis. Software code, such as MATLAB, Python and/or R including datasets within a broad range of financial domain are included for more rigorous practice.The book primarily aims at providing graduate students and researchers with a roadmap for financial data analysis. It is also intended for a broad audience, including academics, professional financial analysts, and policy-makers who are involved in forecasting, modeling, trading, risk management, economics, credit risk, and portfolio management.

This edited volume examines how to develop a planning and design process with green infrastructure that creates technical answers to the social and ecological function of the city's climate change adaptations demands. In this context, it proposes a process that engage the values linked to the art and culture of the place, capable of generating adoption by the population and promoting the right to landscape. Since the nineteenth century, many theoretical and practical experiences have integrated urban and environmental issues, revising the understanding of nature as an object and thinking of nature and culture in conjunction. However, consensus of the methodological strategies needed to guide the development of multi-scale landscape planning and design capable of responding to the climate emergency, heritage, water, biodiversity and social inclusion, among other issues has not been achieved. Green infrastructure has emerged as a tool to link considerations of theplanning and design process to examine the impact urban nature can have at a global and a local scale. The book gathers together authors from different parts of the world and disciplines to showcase conceptual thinking, best practices and methodological strategies relating to landscape planning and design with green infrastructure adapted to climate change. The topic of this book is particularly relevant to scholars, practitioners and developers around the world who have an interest in planning and environmental management, landscape architecture, and socio-cultural understandings of landscape.

This book highlights some of the latest advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials from leading researchers in Ukraine, Europe and beyond. It features contributions presented at the 9th International Science and Practice Conference Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials (NANO2021), which was held on August 25-28, 2021 at Lviv Polytechnic National University, and was jointly organized by the Institute of Physics, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv Polytechnic National University, University of Tartu (Estonia), University of Turin (Italy), Pierre and Marie Curie University (France), European Profiles S.A. (Greece), Representation of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kyiv, University of Angers (France), Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg (Germany). Internationally recognized experts from a wide range of universities and research institutions share their knowledge and key findings on material properties, behavior, and synthesis. This book's companion volume also addresses topics such as nano-optics, energy storage, and biomedical applications.

The book deals with the most striking landscapes and landforms of Nigeria. Attention is paid to the diversity of geomorphic features found in the country, from the coast to the extreme north, approached geographically at the national, regional and local scales, with a view to highlight the combined influence of geological, climatic, biotic and anthropogenic influences, as well as geoheritage potentials. The topics and sites described range from the mainly depositional coastal lagoons and inlets, the most prominent of which is the oil rich Niger Delta, characterized by the mangrove and rain forest, both of which have been seriously modified by human impact; through the coastal lowlands and associated hill country, with derived, deciduous and dry forest vegetation; the very prominent Niger/Benue Trough and associated features; the savanna-semi desert covered high plains of the north and the Chad Basin, each of which features spectacular landscapes and landforms, including human-made forms such as cities and cityscapes. The book provides the readers with the opportunity to explore the variety of Nigerian landscapes and landforms through informative texts illustrated with color maps and photos: it will be relevant to scientists/scholars as well as others interested in the geology, physical geography, geomorphology, landscape, tourism and other geoheritage-related information about the country.

The 3rd edition of this textbook offers clear explanations of optical spectroscopic phenomena and shows how spectroscopic techniques are used in modern chemistry, biochemistry and biophysics.Topics included are: electronic and vibrational absorption fluorescence symmetry operations and normal-mode calculations electron transfer from excited moleculesenergy transferexciton interactions electronic and vibrational circular dichroismcoherence and dephasingultrafast pump-probe and photon-echo spectroscopy single-molecule and fluorescence-correlation spectroscopyRaman scatteringmultiphoton absorption quantum optics and non-linear opticsentropy changes during photoexcitationelectronic and vibrational Stark effects studies of fast processes in single moleculestwo-dimensional electronic and vibrational spectroscopyThis revised and updated edition provides expanded discussions of laser spectroscopy, crystal symmetry, birefringence, non-linear optics, solar cells and light-emitting diodes. The explanations are sufficiently thorough and detailed to be useful for researchers, graduate students and advanced undergraduates in chemistry, biochemistry and biophysics. They are based on time-dependent quantum mechanics, but are developed from first principles so that they can be understood by readers with little prior training in the field. Additional topics and highlights are presented in special boxes in the text. The book is richly illustrated with color figures throughout. Each chapter ends with a section of questions for self-examination.

This book provides a collection of recent research works related to building pathologies, in order to contribute to the systematization and dissemination of knowledge related to construction pathology, hygrothermal behavior of buildings, durability and diagnostic techniques and, simultaneously, show the most recent advances in this domain. It is divided into six chapters that intend to be a resume of the current state of knowledge for benefit of professional colleagues, scientists, students, practitioners, lecturers, and other interested parties to network. At the same time, this book encounters a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines, such as civil, mechanical, and materials engineering.

This textbook describes the most relevant molecular and biological processes in cancer, how they contribute to the development and progression of individual cancer types in humans, and how insights from molecular cancer research can be applied to improve cancer prevention, diagnostics and treatment. Part I of the textbook summarizes the current fundamental knowledge on the general properties of cancers, the causes of cancer, cancer genetics, genomics and epigenetics. Individual chapters address the functions of DNA damage and repair, oncogenes and tumor suppressors in carcinogenesis and discuss crucial mechanisms in cancer pathogenesis, such as apoptosis and replicative senescence, as well as the most relevant signal transduction pathways and regulatory networks. Part I concludes with a chapter on tumor invasion and metastasis and tumor immunology. In Part II, the most relevant mechanisms acting in individual human cancers (and subtypes) are described in more detail. This central part of the book contains individual sections on the most common human cancers highlighting the diversity in their genetic, molecular and cellular pathogenic mechanisms. How insights from molecular cancer research are translated into improvements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment is outlined in Part III. This new edition has been extensively revised and includes in particular updated information on cancer genomics, epigenetics, viral carcinogenesis, cancer diagnostics and cancer therapy and a new chapter on lung cancers. Now more than ever, cancer research is an interdisciplinary endeavor that requires a basic knowledge of commonly used terms, facts and concepts. The aim of this book is to provide advanced students and practitioners in various disciplines with this foundation, bridging the gap between standard textbooks of molecular biology, pathology and oncology on the one hand and the specialized cancer literature on the other.

The Flax Genome is a comprehensive compilation of most recent studies focused on reference genome, genetic resources and molecular diversity, breeding, QTL mapping, gene editing tools, functional genomics and metabolomics, molecular breeding via genomic selection, and genomic resources. The flax genome reference sequences and the new genome assemblies are presented. A list of flax QTL and candidate genes associated with more than 35 traits, including yield and agronomic, seed quality and fatty acid composition, fibre quality and yield, abiotic stress, and disease resistance traits, are summarized. A QTL- based genomic selection strategy and genome-editing tools are systematically introduced. In addition, huge amounts of flax genomic resources generated in the last decade are summarized. The book contains 13 chapters with about 390 pages authored by globally reputed researchers in the relevant fields to this crop The book is intended to be useful to students, teachers, andresearchers interested in traditional and molecular breeding, pathology, molecular genetics and breeding, bioinformatics and computational biology, and functional genomics

This textbook provides up-to-date content in the fields of system engineering, system safety and functional safety, with up-to-date examples from the automotive, industrial and aerospace domains, with respect to the growing complexity of the field and the increased utilization of complex hardware and software in vehicle designs. The book covers practical functional safety insights concerning the required standards (e.g. IEC 61508, IEC 62061, ISO 13849, ISO 26262), but also inherent system safety process as a key factor towards the mitigation of systematic faults. Readers will be equipped with a broad understanding of safety and functional safety, with balanced theoretical and practical views in this area. The book covers the specific topics of introduction to system engineering, overall system safety and its relation to functional safety. Functional safety is introduced in all the required concepts, terminology and safety analysis methods. Basic fault-tolerance concepts arecovered, including the design considerations to achieve functional safety. The book also gives an introduction to the required system safety processes and the applications of relevant functional safety standards.

Now in a revised and expanded third edition, the aims of The Active Female are threefold: first, to increase the awareness of wellness and fitness issues for active females and their family members; second, to provide an avenue for medical practitioners, allied health professionals, health educators/providers, and certified individuals in sports medicine/athletics to gain critical, updated knowledge of a field specific to active females; and third, to introduce the concept of obesity as a growing health concern even for normal weight individuals. Part I of the book offers a foundation for understanding the interrelationships between female physiology, body image and other psychological issues, the female reproductive cycle, and the musculoskeletal anatomy and physiology of females that makes their health risks and concerns unique. In Part II, the concepts of eating disorders from a global perspective and the health disparities and inequities in women's health are discussed in detail. Part III describes the prevention and management of common musculoskeletal injuries in active females across the lifespan, including the management of osteoporosis. Appropriate exercise and nutritional guidelines and recommendations for active females are discussed in detail in Parts IV and V. Part VI is a new addition to the book and highlights the obesity epidemic and co-morbid diseases associated with obesity even for normal weight obese individuals. Each chapter is bookended by clear learning objectives and review questions for additional pedagogical appeal. An invaluable addition to the literature, The Active Female: Health Issues throughout the Lifespan, 3e will be of great interest to all clinicians and allied health care professionals concerned with women's health and related issues, from sports medicine and family practitioners to endocrinologists, gynecologists and orthopedic surgeons.

This book presents intelligent methods like neural, neuro-fuzzy, machine learning, deep learning and metaheuristic methods and their applications in both volcanology and seismology. The complex system of volcanoes and also earthquakes is a big challenge to identify their behavior using available models, which motivates scientists to apply non-model based methods. As there are lots of seismology and volcanology data sets, i.e., the local and global networks, one solution is using intelligent methods in which data-based algorithms are used.

The latest edition of this essential text provides a comprehensive overview of the unique pediatric issues of inflammatory bowel disease. Through new and thoroughly revised chapters, the volume features updates on all aspects of etiology, diagnosis, and treatment, with an emphasis on recent understanding of pharmacokinetics and the utilization of cutting edge therapeutic monitoring to maximize efficacy of medical management. The new edition also highlights newer, recently approved drugs, emerging therapies, and the most recent recommendations regarding post-operative management for patients who ultimately require surgery. Written by experts in the field, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Fourth Edition is a valuable resource for both pediatric and adult gastroenterologists involved in the care of children with inflammatory bowel disease.

This book is a contribution to the research community towards thinking and reflecting on what Responsible Machine Translation really means. It was conceived as an open dialogue across disciplines, from philosophy to law, with the ultimate goal of providing a wide spectrum of topics to reflect on. It covers aspects related to the development of Machine translation systems, as well as its use in different scenarios, and the societal impact that it may have. This text appeals to students and researchers in linguistics, translation, natural language processing, philosophy, and law as well as professionals working in these fields.

This book focuses on current frontier-related issues such as humanitarian crises, economic crises, discrimination of migrants in certain countries, different typologies of borders such as land, maritime, air, space, and even cyberspace borders, and environmental protection of water resources at borders. It addresses legal and theoretical considerations and presents empirical cases showing the manifestations of the concept in the real world and its dynamics. Without claiming to exhaust the debate on frontiers, especially given the breadth of the subject and the large number of viewpoints from which the phenomenon can be examined, this book intends to be a helpful source of insights for academics, university students, and others who wish to explore the complex and multifaceted worlds that emerge, particularly in a globalized society, from the interaction between the various actors and scenarios that shape the reality of frontiers.

This book offers a new ecosystemic approach to the understanding of mangrove and salt marsh ecosystems. Brazil has one of the largest areas of mangroves in the world, where salt marshes might or might not be associated. Different landscapes comprise the extensive coastline, where mangrove and salt marsh species¿ composition is discussed through the analysis of physiography, zonation, and succession processes. Both salt marsh and mangrove plants and the associated macroalgae will be characterized in their ecophysiological and phenological aspects, as well as genetic and epigenetic diversity. The chapters on microbial diversity and litterfall expose the well-known importance of these ecosystems as highly productive carbon sinks and pumps. The associated fauna of invertebrates (benthic meio and macrofaunas, especially brachyuran crabs) and vertebrates (fishes, birds, and mammals) are presented in a special section. The conservational approach encompasses issues, such as historical ecology, economic valuation, protected areas, environmental education, climate changes, and adaptive management.

This book is a collection of contributions covering the major subjects in numerical simulation of space and astrophysical plasma. It introduces the different approaches and methods to model plasma, the necessary computational codes, and applications in the field. The book is rooted in the previous work Space Plasma Simulation (Springer, 2003) and includes the latest developments. It is divided into three parts and all chapters start with an introduction motivating the topic and its use in research and ends with a discussion of its applications. The chapters of the first part contain tutorials of the different basic approaches needed to perform space plasma simulations. This part is particularly useful for graduate students to master the subject. The second part presents more advanced materials for students and researchers who already work with pre-existing codes but want to implement the recent progresses made in the field. The last part of the bookdiscusses developments in the area for researchers who are actively working on advanced simulation approaches like higher order schemes and artificial intelligence, agent-based technologies for multiscale and multi-dimensional systems, which represent the recent innovative contributions made in space plasma research.

Now in its second edition, this atlas serves as an easy-to-use diagnostic guide for the analysis of the human karyotype. Split in four parts, it starts with a comprehensive introduction covering the molecular cytogenetic basics, the role of ethic committees and international quality control in the field of diagnostics. The main parts II and III show the spectrum of different types of chromosomal abnormalities by a combination of karyogram and ideogram. They compare the significance of different banding techniques, give the karyotype formula and describe morphological peculiarities of each case presented. The final part provides a detailed description of non-coding DNA variants and focuses on potential problems in the detection of aberrations. It also mentions necessary additional investigations and peculiarities to be considered when counselling carriers of a chromosomal aberration or their relatives. Given its comprehensive scope and practical approach, this atlas is an indispensable resource for researchers, clinicians and practitioners working in the field of cytogenetics and clinical genetics.

This book presents 41 selected articles written by leading researchers from the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, part of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The articles are grouped by the following topics: (1) Geochemistry, (2) Meteoritics, Cosmochemistry, Lunar and Planetary Sciences, (3) Biogeochemistry and Ecology, and (4) Analytical Chemistry, Radiochemistry, and Radioecology. The articles present recent experimental data, theoretical investigations, critical reviews, the results of computer modeling in the above-mentioned fields.Intended to provide a scientific "snapshot" of the institute, the book also includes content on its history, main scientific achievements and current goals, together with detailed descriptions of its 25 laboratories and three museums so as to promote new international collaborations. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to all scientists and graduate students working in the areas of geochemistry, analytical chemistry and radiochemistry, earth and environmental sciences, biogeosciences, meteoritics and planetary science, and to those seeking new collaboration opportunities in these areas in Russia.

This book brings together international research on school teachers', and university lecturers' uses of digital technology to enhance teaching and learning in mathematics. It includes contributions that address theoretical, methodological, and practical challenges for the field with the research lens trained on the perspectives of teachers and teaching. As countries around the world move to integrate digital technologies in classrooms, this book collates research perspectives and experiences that offer valuable insights, in particular concerning the trajectories of development of teachers' digital skills, knowledge and classroom practices.Via app: download the SN More Media app for free, scan a link with play button and access the videos directly on your smartphone or tablet.

This textbook covers topics in sport and exercise psychology for students of psychology and sport science, as well as for sport practitioners who want to understand topics in sport psychology in more detail and depth.The book is divided into two main parts: Theory and Application. The first part covers the theoretical facets of sport and exercise psychology, and the close link between theory and practice, divided into the sub-disciplines of psychology (cognition, motivation, emotion, personality and development, and social processes). The second part focuses on the applications of sport and exercise psychology in the context of performance and health.With contributions from scholars across the globe, the book offers an international and timely perspective on the key fundaments of sport psychology. Taken together, these chapters provide a challenging yet accessible overview of the larger field of sport and exercise psychology. This book is suitable for readers at different levels of competence, supported with didactic elements (learning objectives and learning control questions) to find the right learning level.

This definitive guide to Machine Learning projects answers the problems an aspiring or experienced data scientist frequently has: Confused on what technology to use for your ML development? Should I use GOFAI, ANN/DNN or Transfer Learning? Can I rely on AutoML for model development? What if the client provides me Gig and Terabytes of data for developing analytic models? How do I handle high-frequency dynamic datasets? This book provides the practitioner with a consolidation of the entire data science process in a single "Cheat Sheet".The challenge for a data scientist is to extract meaningful information from huge datasets that will help to create better strategies for businesses. Many Machine Learning algorithms and Neural Networks are designed to do analytics on such datasets. For a data scientist, it is a daunting decision as to which algorithm to use for a given dataset. Although there is no single answer to this question, a systematic approach to problem solving is necessary. This book describes the various ML algorithms conceptually and defines/discusses a process in the selection of ML/DL models. The consolidation of available algorithms and techniques for designing efficient ML models is the key aspect of this book. Thinking Data Science will help practising data scientists, academicians, researchers, and students who want to build ML models using the appropriate algorithms and architectures, whether the data be small or big.

China (the Mainland of PRC) trades with other states in trillions of USD every year, and about 95% of the cargoes are carried by ocean-going ships calling at hundreds of Chinese ports each singe day. Due to the enormous trade volume and shipping activities, foreign ships, companies and professionals are often caught in the Chinese maritime law and court. The foreign parties involved in Chinese litigation or dispute resolution and their lawyers are more and more enthusiastic to study Chinese maritime cases in order to deal with their own cases properly or, if possible, predicate the potential risks and avoid the disputes outright. However, to date, no Chinese series casebook has ever been published. Now, for the first time, the authors offer this series casebook of delicately selected Chinese maritime judgments. Each year, the book selects a number of leading, innovative and influential Chinese maritime judgments and presents full English translation of them, together with summary, to the readers so that they can have insights of how the Chinese maritime judges interpret, apply and develop Chinese maritime law in practice. The book will benefit the worldwide students, academics, practitioners and industrial people who may be engaged in international trade, shipping, insurance and other transactions concerning China. The book will also indemnify to certain extent the situation that there is lack of authoritative sources available to foreign personnel to look into how Chinese justice system functions and grows in real life.

This book explores the legal barriers to energy modernisation in Germany's residential building sector, especially when low-income tenants are involved. It also examines potential solutions to the landlord-tenant dilemma and how they may be applied within the German legal framework. The book conducts an in-depth examination of the regulations, economic factors, and social dynamics that impede progress in energy efficiency improvements. Drawing upon extensive research, comparative case studies, and insights from the Swedish experiences, this book provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and opportunities surrounding the decarbonization of dwellings occupied by low-income tenants in Germany. The book explores the concept of energy poverty in Germany and Sweden, and how these countries address it (or don't) within their legal frameworks. It delves the reader into the complexities of German and Swedish legal systems and how they impact the ability to address energy efficiency in low-income housing. The reader can explore the landlord-tenant dilemma and the hurdles faced when trying to invest in energy modernization, with a special focus on low-income tenants. This book takes an in-depth look at the legal landscape, exploring both EU policies and national regulations. Sweden's experience, especially its use of municipal green bonds to finance energy transition projects, offers a valuable lesson for Germany. Drawing on comparative insights from Sweden, which has made strides in addressing similar issues, the book aims to identify transferable legal strategies to facilitate energy transition in the rental housing market. By dissecting the intricacies of regulations and legal frameworks, this book offers innovative solutions that can bridge the gap between climate goals and the realities faced by low-income tenants. This book is intended for a diverse audience, including policymakers, legal professionals, researchers, academics, environmentalists, housing authorities, and advocates for social and climate justice. It serves as an essential resource for those seeking a deeper understanding of the legal complexities surrounding energy modernization in low-income tenant-occupied dwellings and the pathways to surmount these barriers. It serves as a comprehensive resource for those dedicated to dismantling legal barriers to energy efficiency and advancing social and environmental equity.

This book is about managing the security of IT services in terms of organization, orchestration, and optimization. It compresses the complex subject matter into individual terms and their definition, and it exploits systematics and terminology to create order, illuminate relationships, and provide concrete support for implementing IT service security successfully and with an eye for the essentials. The book describes a management system called ESARIS (Enterprise Security Architecture for Reliable ICT Services) with field-proven methods and recipes. This metasystem or security architecture builds on more than a decade of day-to-day experience in the IT industry with multi-national customers. To enable the reader to fully exploit the guidance given, explicit definitions are provided for about 75 terms that can be used to look up a topic. Numerous figures and tables further support orientation and understanding, together with detailed introductions and explanations they offer acomprehensive presentation of IT service security issues and solutions. This book is written for professionals with IT service providers (including IT departments), user organizations (including business units) or manufacturers, vendors, and suppliers.

The subject of this book is to examine the influence of mechanical vibration on the changes in the pressure pulsation spectrum of hydraulic systems. In book shows that machines and equipment equipped with hydraulic systems are a source of vibration with a wide frequency spectrum. Additionally, hydraulic valves are also exposed to vibration. Vibrations of the substrate on which the hydraulic valve is installed force the control element of the hydraulic valve to vibrate. The control element's vibration produced in this way causes changes in the pressure pulsation spectrum of the hydraulic system. A friction model modified using mixed friction theory can be used for the oscillating motion of the hydraulic directional control spool. Passive vibration isolation methods are proposed to reduce valve vibration. The biomimetic approach can be implemented in hydraulic systems (for pipelines) to reduce mechanical vibration and fluid pulsation. Numerical methods are employed to analyze the effectof changes in the pressure pulsation spectrum on the hydraulic efficiency of the pipelines. Examples are provided for the implementation of numerical methods in the calculation of hydraulic components and systems. Additionally, the effects of energy-saving in hydraulic systems by applying the proposed results overview in the current book. The current book will be interesting for both-scientific and manufacturing staff, since the implementation of knowledge can help to design more substantiable construction of machine hydraulic systems to avoid vibration problems.

The aesthetics of law deals with the relationship between law and beauty by searching for aesthetic values in the law itself (an internal perspective), by finding material related to law in art and culture (an external perspective), and, lastly, by demonstrating the impact of legal norms on what can be broadly understood as beauty (law as a tool of aestheticization). Regarding all these phenomena, the aesthetics of law ultimately allows us to see the law more clearly and more profoundly. What is more, the law does not function, nor has it ever functioned, separately from its means of expression, which are incontrovertibly subject to aesthetic interpretation. If we think about law in this way, perceiving not only the message, but also the manner in which it is conveyed, the whole set of means and tools used, the perfection and beauty of the form, then we will see art in it. After all, the widely known and still applicable ancient maxim ius est ars boni et aequi equates law and art. This alone should be an argument for aesthetic reflection on the law, a field of endeavour that should never have been abandoned. The book's twenty-three chapters, written by scholars from various countries and three continents, are thematically diverse. In them we present the manifestations of the aesthetics of law from an external perspective. If we accept a definition of the concept of law that is as broad as possible, not only as a synonym of a certain formalized normative system, but also including the process of its creation (legislation), its application and interpretation (jurisprudence), and even teaching on and research into it (doctrine), we can identify a wealth of aesthetic references in the law. A broadly understood aesthetics of law, approached solely from an external perspective, covers such disciplines as law and literature, the aesthetics of legal rhetoric, the trial as performance, the aesthetics ofcourthouse architecture, law in the fine arts, law in film, law and music, pictorial law, symbols of the law and legal symbols, symbols of the state and power, legal archaeology etc. The field of research is, therefore, wide. In addition to topics traditionally and obviously associated with the aesthetics of law, such as law and literature, law in the fine arts, and court rhetoric, there are chapters on e.g. legal ethics and trademarks. All authors share the belief that beauty in law is important, even when it is hidden in a caricature. Further, they argue for restoring the aesthetics of law to its proper place in philosophical and legal discourse, as doing so would yield a host of benefits for the addressees of law.

Solid waste landfilling and related environmental issues have become global concerns, particularly in developing countries. Accelerating population growth and changing lifestyles have exacerbated health and environmental challenges. This book looks at the global ramifications of leachate characterization and environmental impacts, highlighting the different issues related to landfilling, such as leachate generation and its constituents. When water enters a landfill, it assimilates the dissolved components of the decomposing waste, thus forming a leachate with considerable impacts on the environment. The nature of the landfill and the waste received (household waste alone or mixed with industrial waste) determine whether the leachate produced is hazardous or not. The decomposition of solid waste in landfills goes through several stages, including an initial aerobic phase, an anaerobic acid phase, an initial methanogenic phase and a stable methanogenic phase. Leachates can contain significant concentrations of heavy metals, inorganic salts, ammonia, halogenated hydrocarbons, suspended matter, organic pollutants in significant quantities... Generally, leachate discharges are rich in phenol, highly toxic polluting ammonium. Ecotoxicological assessment of this effluent is essential to determine the impact of its contaminants on the aquatic ecosystem. If pollutants are not disposed of properly, leachate from landfills can potentially enter soils and subsoils, severely contaminating surface and groundwater bodies. Therefore, reducing pollutant levels through leachate treatment has garnered considerable attention in recent decades. This publication is an invaluable resource, providing up-to-date information on the impact and characterization of leachate landfills. It is therefore time to accentuate the training of executives with all the skills to facilitate the waste management through the research efforts of academics, in the field of solid wastelandfill operations.