Böcker utgivna av Springer Nature Singapore

This book starts with detailed community-based poverty-alleviation cases and focuses on several important aspects in this field to demonstrate the intervention methods, theoretical paradigms, and intervention models of poverty-alleviation social work. Based on the introduction to the characteristics, theoretical foundation, and practical model of community-based poverty-alleviation social work, this book elaborates the specific operation processes from the perspectives of community intervention, community empowerment, and community construction. Its chapters are arranged in a progressive order yet can also be understood separately. Moreover, not only are the characteristics of community-based anti-poverty social work highlighted in the book, but the essentials of all kinds of related social work in the fight against poverty are reflected. As the first professional book in China that systematically describes the theory and practice of community-based anti-povertysocial work, it is especially suitable for social workers, poverty-alleviation workers, community workers, and readers interested in related topics.

This book provides a comprehensive review of the latest modelling developments in flow batteries, as well as some new results and insights. Flow batteries have long been considered the most flexible answer to grid scale energy storage, and modelling is a key component in their development. Recent modelling has moved beyond macroscopic methods, towards mesoscopic and smaller scales to select materials and design components. This is important for both fundamental understanding and the design of new electrode, catalyst and electrolyte materials. There has also been a recent explosion in interest in machine learning for electrochemical energy technologies. The scope of the book includes these latest developments and is focused on advanced techniques, rather than traditional modelling paradigms. The aim of this book is to introduce these concepts and methods to flow battery researcher, but the book would have a much broader appeal since these methods also employed in other battery and fuel cell systems and far beyond. The methods will be described in detail (necessary fundamental material in Appendices). The book appeals to graduate students and researchers in academia/industry working in electrochemical systems, or those working in computational chemistry/machine learning wishing to seek new application areas.

This book discusses the possibility of corporate professionals¿specifically accountants, bankers, and financiers¿being influenced by the seventh art, i.e. cinema, and acting out fraudulent actions depicted in the cinematic world in the real life situations. It is widely known that real world scenarios influence cinema. Through a field study, this book evaluates if there is a reciprocal effect on events in the real world being impacted by scenarios depicted in movies. A questionnaire was designed in order to understand the perception of business ethics among above-mentioned professionals and if such a perception was formed or influenced due to observed behaviors from movies. The book concludes with an assessment of the power of visual art in affecting real world behaviors and outlines strategies for recognizing and preventing such behaviors leading to unethical conduct and corporate irresponsibility.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of hazardous areas containing explosive gases, vapors, and combustible dust. It also discusses about the different types of protection techniques used in explosion-proof electrical equipment. This book further provides guidance on how to deal with electrical explosions caused by fires due to arcs and sparks caused by a failure in the design, manufacture, selection, installation, or maintenance of electrical equipment. Among the topics covered in this book are overview of hazardous areas, various types of protection available, mechanisms for explosion pressure to build inside flameproof enclosures, concept of preventing explosions in flammable and dusty environments, unique features of explosion-proof motors, process of testing and certifying explosion-proof equipment in India and abroad, and mechanisms for the initiation and prevention of explosions resulting from non-electric sources. The book also discusses topics such as the selection,installation, inspection, and maintenance of electrical equipment. In addition, this book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the fields of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, petroleum engineering, mining engineering, and testing laboratories that test and certify explosion-proof equipment.

This book introduces basic concepts of mathematical physics to chemists. Many textbooks and monographs of mathematical physics may appear daunting to them. Unlike other, related books, however, this one contains a practical selection of material, particularly for graduate and undergraduate students majoring in chemistry. The book first describes quantum mechanics and electromagnetism, with the relation between the two being emphasized. Although quantum mechanics covers a broad field in modern physics, the author focuses on a hydrogen(like) atom and a harmonic oscillator with regard to the operator method. This approach helps chemists understand the basic concepts of quantum mechanics aided by their intuitive understanding without abstract argument, as chemists tend to think of natural phenomena and other factors intuitively rather than only logically. The study of light propagation, reflection, and transmission in dielectric media is of fundamental importance. This book explains these processes on the basis of Maxwell equations. The latter half of the volume deals with mathematical physics in terms of vectors and their transformation in a vector space. Finally, as an example of chemical applications, quantum chemical treatment of methane is introduced, including a basic but essential explanation of Green functions and group theory. Methodology developed by the author will also prove to be useful to physicists.

This book describes a novel method for mortality modeling applying the shifting feature of the mortality curve. In Japan, the increase and pace of the extension in life expectancy have been quite remarkable. Therefore, existing mortality models often cannot capture the peculiarities of Japanese mortality, nor can the Lee¿Carter model, which is now regarded internationally as a standard model. One of the important concepts to model recent Japanese mortality is a shifting feature. In this book, the linear difference model, which has many advantages for modeling and analyzing Japanese mortality, is introduced. The book shows applications of the model to mortality projection with a tangent vector field approach and decomposition of the change of modal age at death. The models introduced here are useful tools for modeling mortality with strong shifting features, as in Japan.

The coming generations of wireless network technologies will serve, not only as a means of connecting physical and digital environments, but also to set the foundation for an intelligent world in which all aspects are interconnected, sensed, and endowed with intelligence. Beyond merely providing communication capabilities, future networks will have the capacity to "see" and interpret the physical world. This development compels us to re-imagine the design of current communication infrastructures and terminals, taking into account crucial aspects such as fundamental constraints and tradeoffs, information extraction and processing technologies, issues of public security and privacy, as well as the emergence of numerous new applications. This field of research is known as Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC), and it has ushered in a paradigm shift towards the omnipresence of radio devices.This book provides the first comprehensive introduction to the ISAC theoretical and practical framework. Each chapter is authored by a group of world-leading experts, including over 10 IEEE Fellows. Readers can expect to gain both a broad overview and detailed technical insights into the latest ISAC innovations.

This book assesses the extent to which good governance may contribute to enhancing economic performance and social welfare in developing countries, globally. Governance has been pointed out as one of the major weaknesses of developing economies and may largely be attributed to weak governance practices at both the macro- and micro-level. This book highlights the channels through which governance may act on various economic sectors and different key economic variables. In doing so, it enables policymakers to identify and implement policies and procedures to promote good governance. This book provides a transnational perspective on good governance in considering developing countries in Asia, Africa and beyond, presenting respective case studies in single country settings, enabling a comparative perspective between and across all chapters. Covering topics that include the intersection between governance and gender, inequality, poverty, education and health, the book provides diverse theoretical and empirical evidence on important issues facing policymakers, investors and other stakeholders and is relevant to graduate students and researchers interest in policy issues in the developing world.

This book identifies emerging technologies that allow the reuse and regeneration of industrial wastewater with innovative and applied approaches throughout the wastewater treatment cycle. Today, it is increasingly clear that treated urban wastewater, whose reuse has become an important component of long-term water management worldwide, is a key source of chemical pollutants and emerging biological concerns. Current water-quality guidelines for reclaimed wastewater predominantly address the risks associated with the presence of microbial organisms and chemical parameters such as biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, E. coli and worms, and in some cases heavy metals; however, they are insufficient for the full evaluation of risks. The global growth of population is concentrated in urban areas; therefore, most of the challenges and solutions related to wastewater reside in urban treatment plants. Unless wastewater management and wastewater governance processesare significantly improved within a decade, it is likely that our societies will face severe and prolonged water insecurity and urban floods.The application of sustainable technologies can eliminate or minimize micro-contaminants in wastewater. Several organizations focus on the potential impacts to humans and their environments by wastewater reuse. This book gathers new research and reviews work from researchers and scientists to identify the main barriers and limitations that will need to be overcome, so that wastewater reuse strategies gain more momentum and will be adopted more efficiently worldwide.The book is designed for engineers, scientists, and other professionals who are seeking an excellent introduction to and basic knowledge of the principles of environmental bioremediation technologies.

This book presents a substantive yet accessible introduction to the modern thought of Jainism. It examines the life and thought of some of the most influential 19th and 20th-century Jain ascetic leaders that remain little known in the Western world. The book's first part provides a detailed philosophical overview of Jain thought based on the translation of a seminal Hindi text Jain Darshan. The second part introduces eight Jain saints from the major Jain sects, including their biographies, philosophical perspectives, and related contemporary movements flourishing in various places across India and beyond. The author also shares his ethnographic experiences in several chapters. Furthermore the book provides a detailed glossary of terms in Sanskrit, Prakrit, Hindi, Gujarati, and Rajasthani and their English meanings. An indispensable book that offers innovative insights into several crucial Jain movements and how they helped shape modern Indian society and beyond. The book includes historical, philological, and anthropological accounts of modern Jainism.

This book systematically and comprehensively studies on alternative media in Taiwan, using a historical approach and primary data and first hand collected materials to examine how political openness and social movement in the 1980s through the 1990s in Taiwan enabled the rapid growth and wide development of Taiwan¿s alternative media, what impact the alternative media in Taiwan had on its socio-political transformation, and what implications Taiwan¿s case of alternative media has for other societies, especially for other Asian societies.This book would be a good reading for intellectuals, media professionals, government analysts, and the general public as well, who are interested in this topic.

This book analyzes the exchange relations between the colonies of the Iberian Empires, starting from two cities ports, Buenos Aires and Macau in the period 1580-1700. Agents, who were not professional traders such as the members of the Society of Jesus, and the circulation and consumption of Asian goods in the local populations of Buenos Aires and Macau, were analyzed. Both cases of study will show us how these non-state agents- the Jesuits- build their own networks and exchange channels to Chinese goods distribution (i.e silk, porcelain, musk, amber and others) between Asia and Latin American. This book intends to break with the local scheme of Jesuit studies in order to combine the local scale with analysis of inter-regional processes on a continental scale, from a comparative perspective.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of cartilage structure, functions, and approaches for the regeneration of cartilage tissue. It reviews multiple signaling pathways that are involved in the growth and repair of cartilage tissue. The initial chapter of the book examines the etiology, diagnosis, and pathological features of various cartilage diseases. Subsequently, the book presents recent advances in biomaterial sciences, regenerative medicine, and fabrication technology for cartilage regeneration. It discusses hydrogels as a promising scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering, focusing on recapitulating microenvironments present during development or in adult tissue to induce the formation of cartilaginous constructs with biochemical and mechanical properties of native tissue. Lastly, it covers the applications of 3 D printing techniques for the fabrication of scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration for the production of biological implants capable of treating a range ofconditions.

This book focuses on biological engineering techniques, multi-omics big-data integration, and data-mining techniques, as well as cutting-edge researches in principles and applications of several synthetic biology applications. Synthetic biology is a new research area, while it has been rooted from the long-established area including biological engineering, metabolite engineering, and systems biology. This book will discuss the following aspects: (1) introduction to synthetic biology and iGEM, especially focusing on the systematic design, rational engineering, and sustainability of design in the omics ages; (2) synthetic biology¿related multi-omics data integration and data mining techniques; (3) the technical issues, development issues, and safety issues of synthetic biology; (4) data resources, web services, and visualizations for synthetic biology; and (5) advancement in concrete research on synthetic biology, with several case studies shown.Devised as a book on syntheticbiology research and education in the omics age, this book has put focuses on systematic design, rational engineering, and sustainability of design for synthetic biology, which will explain in detail and with supportive examples the ¿What,¿ ¿Why,¿ and ¿How¿ of the topic. It is an attempt to bridge the gap between synthetic biology¿s research and education side, for best practice of synthetic biology and in-depth insights for the related questions.

This book looks at the interaction between plants and nanomaterials/nanocomposites, and their effects ecology, the food chain and human health. It focuses on nanomaterials/nanocomposites phytotoxicity, which is an important precondition to promote the application of nanotechnology and to avoid the potential ecological risks. It describes the influencing factors of nanotoxicity of nanomaterials and the mechanisms of these toxic effects and defense mechanisms in plants. The chapters in this book are written by internationally renowned researchers and professionals and provides exciting and remarkable information (on the above-mentioned topics) to the scientist, researcher and student working field of plant biology, agricultural science, nanobiotechnology, plant biochemistry, plant physiology, plant biotechnology and many other interdisciplinary subjects.

This book provides an updated account of tight junctions of different epithelia and endothelia and addresses their anatomy, biochemistry, physiology, synthesis, assembly, and modulation. It also discusses the relationship between molecular structure, function, regulation, posttranslational modifications of tight junction proteins and their role in gut microbiota maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and intestinal barrier dysfunction-associated disorders important for the progression of human cancers. This book presents the pathological alterations of tight junctions at the blood-brain barrier that intensify or even initiate neurological dysfunction. Further, it reviews the significance of tight junctions and tight junction proteins in cancer development, infectious diseases, allergic reactions, and autoimmune disorders. Lastly, it highlights strategies for modulating tight junctions to enhance drug availability and organ deposition. This book is immensely useful for basic, translational, clinical, and interdisciplinary cancer researchers, practicing oncologists, and immunologists.

This book presents the different 3D/4D printing technological applications of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in Pharmaceutical Sciences. The initial chapter provides the historical perspective and current scenario of AM in pharmaceuticals. The book further discusses about different 3D printing platform technologies such as FDM, SLA, SLS, SSE, Ink-jet & binder jet principles & applications in developing advanced drug delivery systems. It also covers the methodology, materials for AM and important parameters associated with these platform technologies. The book highlights the progress and practical applications of 4D-printing technology in healthcare & pharmaceuticals fraternity as well including the essence of bioprinting in pharmaceuticals. Finally, the book reviews the regulatory guidelines, perspectives, and integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine learning (ML) in pharmaceutical AM. This book is indeed a valuable resource for students, researchers/scholars, young start-ups/entrepreneurs, and pharmaceutical professionals by providing thorough detailing about AM in Pharmaceuticals.

This book focuses on reproductive health rights and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa. Each chapter is connected to the other by focusing on different aspects of ART as a means of achieving conception.Topics such as regulation of ART practices, surrogacy and specific aspects of ART, which are gradually becoming acceptable but largely unregulated in Africa, promises to be of interest to scholars, researchers and fertility practitioners. Research in the book take a rights based approach and ethical analysis of ART practice in sub-Saharan Africa by authors from diverse backgrounds bringing together law and society perspectives.Readers stand to gain new knowledge on the societal, legal, medical and psychological requirements, effects and challenges of reproductive health rights and ART in the African context. The book is also relevant to UN Sustainable Development Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being, given that it promotes and advocates for accessto reproductive healthcare for persons who have difficulty or are unable to conceive without medical assistance.

This book systematically discusses the operational stages with high risk of CO2-induced corrosion in CCUS projects, and related measures for corrosion control. CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a key technology to mitigate climate change and substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels. CCUS deals with high concentration CO2, which is very corrosive in a humid environment. Therefore, it is very important to characterize, monitor, and mitigate CO2-induced corrosion in all processes of the CCUS operation chain. Some corrosion control techniques included in this book (e.g., CO2-resisting wellbore cement additives) are beneficial for corrosion control research and engineering practices. This book belongs to the field of corrosion science and engineering, and the expected readership is researchers and engineers working on CCUS.

This book explores the positive psychological aspects of religion and spirituality in the Indian context. It discusses the concepts and practices of Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Christianity, Jainism, and Sikhism and their impact on overall well-being. As the global enthusiasm for Indian spirituality grows, this book brings together scholars to share their perspectives and reflections on various religious aspects. The chapters offer readers a psychological "capsule" of mental health, well-being, compassion, kindness, character strength, mind-body relationship, and mindfulness, providing practical strategies for a better quality of life.Furthermore, this book offers insights into the different perspectives of happiness and well-being measured across diverse demographics. It also provides a qualitative conceptualization of happiness among older people, reflections on positive aging, and highlights the facilitators and inhibitors of happiness. With its comprehensive coverage and multidisciplinary approach, this book serves as a valuable reference for postgraduate and doctoral students of Psychology, as well as a treasure trove in the libraries for researchers and faculties associated with spiritual psychology, positive psychology, religious studies, comparative literature, mental health professionals, academicians, and anyone interested in allied health fields.

This book explores graduate education governance in China from a comprehensive policy perspective. It offers conceptual and practical models to systematically analyze the holistic landscape of graduate education governance in China. In particular, it analyzes the national governance of graduate education in China, graduate education quality assurance in China, the student-tutor relationship of graduate education in China, the regional layout structure of graduate education in Chinese universities, the integration of science and education in China's graduate education, the integration of industry and education in graduate education, the reform of graduate education evaluation system and mechanism in China's universities, the opening up of graduate education in China's universities, an international comparison of graduate education governance policies between the case of China and the USA.

This book presents basic principles and discusses the state-of-the-art methods of sperm sexing in livestock. It reviews the challenges and critical opinions on the conventional sperm sexing methods and characteristic features of spermatozoa of farm animals which could help to develop novel methods of sperm sexing. The book also presents principles and applications of flow cytometry for sperm separation. The chapters of the book elucidate methods and difficulties in developing sperm sexing methods. Notably, it covers recent research on immunological and nanotechnology-based sperm sexing methods. The book also provides information on the development of semen extenders. Towards the end, the book examines ethical and commercial aspects of sperm sexing. It is an ideal reference book for students, researchers and professionals working towards improving livestock production.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current research status and open problems in the field of structural synthesis, based on which a systematic methodology for the structural analysis of planar kinematic chains, structural synthesis of planar kinematic chains, and creative design of mechanisms is presented.The method presented in this book not only promotes the development of theoretical research in the field of mechanical science, and the development of industrial software for the creative design of mechanisms, but also generates novel high-performance mechanisms suitable for industrial application, which can improve the work efficiency and economic benefits. This book offers theoretical guidance for students and researchers engaged in the field of mechanical engineering, especially the creative design of mechanism.

This first book focuses on uncertain graph and network optimization. It covers three different main contents: uncertain graph, uncertain programming and uncertain network optimization. It also presents applications of uncertain network optimization in a lot of real problems such as transportation problems, dispatching medical supplies problems and location problems.The book is suitable for researchers, engineers, teachers and students in the field of mathematics, information science, computer science, decision science, management science and engineering, artificial intelligence, industrial engineering, economics and operations research.

The exclusion of the destitute population from the formal financial system is a long-standing problem in India. This book examines the performance of financial inclusion policies in India to understand their impact on two urban vulnerable groups, Slum Dwellers and Beggars. This study includes analysis at the national level, the variables of the financial inclusion index like Penetration, Availability, and Usage from 2006 to 2020 from the world bank data set. Similarly, the authors examine five policies on financial inclusion by conducting a primary level survey on two urban capital cities of Lucknow and Kolkata, using a well-structured questionnaire for data collection. The authors uses two sampling techniques: simple random in the case of beggars, and stratified random in the case of slum dwellers.This book highlights the difference between financial access and non-access of household respondents in capturing the impacts of financial inclusion schemes on their socio-economic condition and financial behavior. The findings indicate that access to these schemes is extremely limited for the underprivileged population, such as beggars and slum dwellers. The analysis has shown that claims made by the government are not based on real-life occurrences. This book demonstrates that these programs have a negligible effect on life-deprived people.This book will be of interest to academia, policymakers, and society at large.

This book focuses on the understanding of factors and mechanisms involved in the development of agency mainly in three related contexts --- participatory development, extension work, and service transactions.  The research has its starting point in the recognition of the critical role played by "e;agency"e; (commonly understood as want/will for and practice of self-determination and self-management) on the part of intended beneficiaries of services and projects for effective implementation and sustainability. It is designed to address this subject matter with its principal focus on inner capacities and orientations of human beings, posing questions as to how such capacities and orientations could be enhanced and activated in practice by external actors in the field of public policies for socioeconomic and international development. The project is organized transcending traditional disciplinary boundaries --- combining anthropological, psychological, and economic approaches and perspectives.

This book provides an overview of the latest developments and future challenges in enzyme inhibitor research. It discusses the general enzyme inhibitory principles and mechanisms in enzyme activity regulation and application of enzyme inhibitors in different areas and sectors. The major areas of applications of enzyme inhibitors covered in this book are human health management, agriculture, food processing and research, which leads to drug discovery or enzyme activity mechanisms. The book also identifies the gaps in the existing knowledge and opens up new research ideas in this important area. Currently, most enzyme inhibitors are reported to inhibit various classes of enzymes. These enzyme inhibitors are the focus of the scientific community because they may answer an increasing array of questions in the research area of biological sciences, including biochemistry, medicine, physiology, pharmacy, agriculture, ecology etc. It also serves as a useful tool in the study of enzyme structures and reaction mechanisms and in the development of technologies in agriculture, food processing, and health management. Chapters in this book cover topics such as plant-derived inhibitors of serine proteases, pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitors from indigenous medicinal plants, amylase inhibitors and their applications in agriculture and food processing industries and advances in silico techniques used in the study of enzyme inhibitors.   The book will serve as a valuable resource for students and researchers in Life Sciences, agriculture, medicine, food processing, and allied industries.