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Basic Desert, Reactive Attitudes and Free Will addresses the issue of whether we can make sense of the widespread conviction that we are morally responsible beings. It focuses on the claim that we deserve to be blamed and punished for our immoral actions, and how this claim can be justified given the philosophical and scientific reasons to believe that we lack the sort of free will required for this sort of desert. Contributions to the book distinguish between, and explore, two clusters of questions. The first asks what it is to deserve to be harmed or benefitted. What are the bases for desert - actions, good character, bad character, the omission of good character traits? The second cluster explores the disagreement between compatabilists and incompatibilists surrounding the nature of desert. Do we deserve to be harmed, benefitted, or judged, even if we lack the ability to act differently, and if we do not, what effect does this have on our everyday actions? Taken in full, this book sheds light on the notion of desert implicated in our practice of holding each other morally responsible. This book was originally published as a special issue of Philosophical Explorations.

While many educational books focus on creative and critical thinking skills, this ground-breaking work is the first to deal specifically with the ability to understand, question and evaluate information presented, broadly speaking, in story form. Story or narrative is central to our understanding of and interaction with the world around us. We only have to think of the 'mini stories' encapsulated in many advertisements; the way that topics in science - the story of human evolution for example, in history and other subjects present themselves; the power of myths and legends to act as guides to moral behaviour; and the pervasive way that gossip, rumour and superstition can spread - to recognise the benefits of heightening such awareness in young learners. Understanding the World Through Narrative explores the narrative structure of fiction, but uses this as a template to show how the story form appears in mythology and modern urban folklore, science, history, the media - including advertising; in our internal dialogues (stories we tell ourselves about ourselves and others), and how narrative structure can be used in curriculum planning to enhance children's learning. The book contains over 160 thinking/discussing/researching activities for use in the classroom and as project work. Chapters can be used independently, although they are arranged with increasing degrees of sophistication and challenge. This fascinating work is an essential resource for any teacher of upper primary and lower secondary students, covering not only children's evolving intellectual ability and promoting curiosity and critical engagement but also enhancing their mental and emotional wellbeing.

This book highlights a cross section of diverse perspectives and interests involved in understanding, interpreting, and preserving Tijeras Pueblo, including a summary of recent research on the site, the use of the site and its collections as a source for public education.

Test fairness is a moral imperative for both the makers and the users of tests. This book focuses on methods for detecting test items that function differently for different groups of examinees and on using this information to improve tests. Of interest to all testing and measurement specialists, it examines modern techniques used routinely to insure test fairness. Three of these relevant to the book's contents are: * detailed reviews of test items by subject matter experts and members of the major subgroups in society (gender, ethnic, and linguistic) that will be represented in the examinee population * comparisons of the predictive validity of the test done separately for each one of the major subgroups of examinees * extensive statistical analyses of the relative performance of major subgroups of examinees on individual test items.

The Adelphi Papers monograph series is the International Institute for Strategic Studies' principal contribution to policy-relevant, original academic research. Collected on the occasion of the Institute's 50th anniversary, the twelve Adelphi Papers in this volume represent some of the finest examples of writing on strategic issues. They offer insights into the changing security landscape of the past half-century and glimpses of some of the most significant security events and trends of our times, from the Cold War nuclear arms race, through the oil crisis of 1973, to the contemporary challenge of asymmetric war in Iraq and Afghanistan.

First Published in 1989 this is a collection of essays based on a series of lectures given at a symposium held at the University of Southampton Medical School from eight experts in the field of growth failure. Interest in growth hormone, its regulation and its therapeutic use has grown enormously since the introduction of genetically engineered growth hormone in 1985. The very pratcial probelms of measuring growth, the physiology of growth failure and its epidemiology are followed by a richly illustrated chapter on the spectrum of diseases assciated with short stature and an expert with extensive experience in the field looks at the application of growth hormone therapy.

In Religion in Modern Societies, Gunnar Skirbekk examines the challenging relationship between religion, science, and the state, and explores literature on religion in Western and Muslim-majority societies. Through the lens of modernity theory and the perspective of philosophy of science, key issues are discussed, including freedom of expression and the interaction between religion and modern institutions. Chapters include: - Science and Religion - The Problem of Evil - Freedom of Expression - Multiculturalism and the Welfare State - Religion as Social Integration - Islam in a Historical Class PerspectiveThe topics discussed are universal issues which in principle hold relevance for all of us living in a modern science-based world and societies in crisis. This volume is essential reading to those with an interest in philosophy of religion, religion and science, the work of Jürgen Habermas, the theory of modernization, and the politicization of religion.

The promotion of the rule of law has become an increasingly important element of peacekeeping and peacebuilding operations, particularly in Africa, where there have been numerous internal armed conflicts and missions over the last decade.　 This book explores the expanding international efforts to promote rule of law in countries emerging from violent conflict. With a focus on Africa, the authors critically examines the impact of these activities in relation to liberal peacebuilding, rule of law institutions, and the range of non-state providers of justice and security. They also assess the virtues and limitations of rule of law reform efforts, and policy alternatives. 　It brings together expert scholars and practioners from politics, law, anthropology and conflict studies, and features detailed case studies on Rwanda, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Making an important contribution to debates about peacebuilding, and assisting specific efforts in reforming the rule of law after conflict, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of international relations, law, African politics, post-conflict reconstruction, peace and conflict studies, as well as practitioners in the UN, development agencies and NGOs.

This book focuses on tested hypnoanalytic techniques, with step-by-step procedures for integrating hypnosis into psychoanalytic processes. In its examination of the latest thinking, research, and techniques, the book discusses historical origins of hypnosis as well as how to apply it to current events, such as using hypnosis in the treatment of trauma with soldiers coming out of the war in Iraq. The text shows how hypnosis can be combined with psychoanalysis to make it possible to understand the subjective world of clients. Its accessible nature, rich detail, and significant updates make the book an invaluable resource for the professional who wishes to incorporate hypnosis into his or her practice. With the authors' extensive and impressive knowledge, careful updates, and comprehensive coverage of the proper and appropriate techniques to use, this volume is an indispensable addition to the field.

Originally published in 1969, this was the first standard work on Nigerian federal finance ever published. It traces the evolution of federal finance in Nigeria during a 20-year period from 1946 and analyses the economic, socio-political and fiscal problems encountered by the governments of the Federation in the course of this development. It also examines the main features of the fiscal system which emerged and discusses the way in which the general principles of federal finance have had to be tailored to the particular needs and interests of the different regions in Nigeria.

Drawing on the work of the Austrian School and its heirs, Capital in Disequilibrium develops a modern, systematic version of capital theory in order to suggest a new approach to the subject of economics. Original and provocative in his reflection, Lewin offers both a new approach and an accessible discussion of one of the most important, but also one of the most difficult, areas in economics.

Storr's The Art of Psychotherapy appeared in 1979 and became an instant classic. After Storr's death, a third edition was rewritten and revised by Jeremy Holmes, and the fourth edition is a further up-to-date iteration.

This book, first published in 1912, is an English translation of The Diamond Sutra from the Chinese text of Kumarajiva, one of the most metaphysical of the works ascribed to Buddha. With parallel passages and numerous annotations, this is a classic translation of the one of the most important texts in Chinese Buddhism.

Writing to the practicing clinician, this book offers a step-by-step practical guide to Socio-Emotional Relationship Therapy (SERT) when working with individuals, couples, and families.Most therapists know sociocultural systems influence their clients' lives, but few know how to connect the dots between what happens in the wider society, interpersonal neurobiology, relational processes, and client well-being. Written by a founder of SERT, Carmen Knudson-Martin draws on knowledge from multiple disciplines to innovatively weave together a practical step-by-step guide that demystifies the connections between micro and macro processes and relational/self-development. Divided into four parts, chapters cover how to conceptualize clinical issues through a socioemotional lens, the therapist's role in assessment, goal-setting, and clinical decision-making, the "how-to" of each of the three phases of the SERT clinical sequence, and self of the therapist work and clinical research that inform the model. The clear writing style and detailed examples make complex social processes accessible, demonstrating how good practice is-and must be-equitable and socially responsible.This practical guide is essential reading for all mental health professionals, such as seasoned family therapists, counselors, psychologists, social workers, and students in training in these fields.

This volume explores urgent questions surrounding the bidirectional relationship between feminist philosophy and emerging technologies. It underlines the exigency of feminist philosophical reflections on the design, use, and understanding of emerging technologies and at the same time accentuates how emerging technologies can uniquely impact the shape of future feminist critique and intervention.While feminist philosophers have attended to problems posed by a few specific technologies that emerged in the previous century--especially reproductive technologies--broader philosophical questions concerning the challenges various new technologies present to feminism have yet to receive the sustained, critical attention they deserve. Feminist Philosophy and Emerging Technologies responds to this problem. It is divided into two sections. Section 1 provides theoretical considerations about the links between feminist philosophy and philosophy of technology (broadly construed) by developing--against the background of emerging technologies--methodological approaches and guidance for bringing those two fields of philosophical research together. Section 2 is dedicated to analyses of specific emerging technologies and user trends, their relation to extant structures of oppression, and to bringing to the fore various ways in which a feminist philosophy of technology can impact the design of current and future technologies.Feminist Philosophy and Emerging Technologies is an excellent resource for scholars and advanced students working in feminist philosophy, philosophy of technology, ethics, political philosophy, feminist theory, gender and cultural studies, and science and technology studies.

First published in 1968, Culture, Industrialisation and Education explores the cultural values that underlie the content of educational provisions and the way in which industrialisation and the mass communication characteristic of advanced technology have affected what is offered in schools.The book puts forward the argument that the traditional curriculum, with its emphasis on cognitive and intellectual processes, is in many cases irrelevant to the needs of children whose futures are in occupations that do not centre on academic pursuits. It highlights the distinct lack of provision for these children at a time when a fuller and longer secondary education is being attempted for the whole population. Culture, Industrialisation and Education will appeal to those with an interest in the history and sociology of education.

How and why did credible scientists, engineers, government officials, journalists, and others collectively give rise to a drastic failure to control the threat to the population of the Fukushima disaster? Why was there no effort on the part of inter-organizational networks, well-coordinated in the nuclear village, to prevent the risks from turning into a disaster? This book answers these questions by formulating the concept of "structural disaster" afresh. First, the book presents the path-dependent development of structural disaster through a sociological reformulation of path-dependent mechanisms not only in the context of nuclear energy but also in the context of renewable energy. Secondly, it traces the origins of structural disaster to a secret accident involving standardized military technology immediately before World War II, and opportunistic utilization of the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923, thus reconstructing the development of structural disaster within a long-term historical perspective. Maintaining distance from conflicts of interest and cultural essentialisms, this book highlights configurations and mechanisms of structural disasters that are far more persistent, more universal, but less visible, and that have turned risk into suffering. The book seeks to cast light on an important new horizon of the science-technology-society interface in the sociology of science and technology, science and technology studies, the sociology of disaster, the social history of the military-industrial-university complex, and beyond.

Unable to secure a full livelihood in either Mexico or the United States, migrants from the rural village of Napizaro in central Mexico must extend their families, and their community, across the border. The lives of Napizarenos demonstrate the difficulties of reproduction in a transnational context, calling into question the way we think about households, families, and communities. La Casa de Mis Sueños examines the efforts of villagers from Napízaro to build their dream houses in Mexico through participation in transnational migration. New house designs reshape the spatial ordering of everyday life and are part of the recreation of social space in a changing economic and moral landscape. These changes have engendered conflict as migration usurps traditional routes to prosperity and success and as migrant houses become both the locus of growing consumerism and a site for heavily charged and contested ideas about family and community. This book is more than an engaging account of the realities that pervade one small community. It is an examination of the ways in which global processes penetrate the local, the daily, and the personal in rural Mexico. Above all, it asserts the power of place as constitutive of the ways in which people create meaning in their lives.

Character and Culture by Irving Babbitt is the latest volume in the Library of Conservative Thought. Babbitt was the leader of the twentieth-century intellectual and cultural movement called American Humanism or the New Humanism. More than half a century after his death his intellectual staying power remains undiminished. The qualities that marked Irving Babbitt as a thinker and cultural critic of the first rank are richly represented in Character and Culture. First published togetherin 1940 (under the misleading title Spanish Character), these essays span his scholarly career and cover a wide range of subjects. The diverse topics discussed here--aesthetics, ethics, religion, politics, literature--are illuminated by the same unifying vision of human existence that informs and structures all of Babbitt's writing.Babbitt never took up a subject out of idle curiosity. All of his books and articles grew out of a desire to address certain fundamental questions of life and letters. The essaysin this volume are as worthy of attention now as when they were originally written. Set in then- philosophical and historical context by Claes G. Ryn's new introduction, they are a good place to start for persons who wish to acquaint themselves not only with Babbitt's central ideas but with the scope of his mind and interests. Readers familiar with other books by Babbitt may recognize particular ideas and formulations but will also find much new material to ponder.Ryn's introduction provides a comprehensive look at Irving Babbitt's life, career, writings, and influence. He shows how Babbitt has survived and sustained often harsh criticism from representatives of dominant trends. Ryn describes his writing style as having "a kind of rugged American elegance." The substantial critical introduction also elucidates Babbitt's central ideas in relation to the volume. Character and Culture will be of interest to scholars of literature, philosophers, historians, theologians, and political theorists. The extensive index to all of Babbitt's books, including this one, increases the value of the volume.

Thought experiments are a means of imaginative reasoning that lie at the heart of philosophy, from the pre-Socratics to the modern era, and they also play central roles in a range of fields, from physics to politics. The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments is an invaluable guide and reference source to this multifaceted subject. Comprising over 30 chapters by a team of international contributors, the Companion covers the following important areas: - the history of thought experiments, from antiquity to the trolley problem and quantum non-locality;- thought experiments in the humanities, arts, and sciences, including ethics, physics, theology, biology, mathematics, economics, and politics;- theories about the nature of thought experiments;- new discussions concerning the impact of experimental philosophy, cross-cultural comparison studies, metaphilosophy, computer simulations, idealization, dialectics, cognitive science, the artistic nature of thought experiments, and metaphysical issues.This broad ranging Companion goes backwards through history and sideways across disciplines. It also engages with philosophical perspectives from empiricism, rationalism, naturalism, skepticism, pluralism, contextualism, and neo-Kantianism to phenomenology. This volume will be valuable for anyone studying the methods of philosophy or any discipline that employs thought experiments, as well as anyone interested in the power and limits of the mind.

Most people working within the higher education sector understand the importance of making e-learning accessible to students with disabilities, yet it is not always clear exactly how this should be accomplished. E-Learning and Disability in Higher Education evaluates current accessibility practice and critiques the extent to which 'best' practices can be confidently identified and disseminated. This second edition has been fully updated and includes a focus on research that seeks to give 'voice' to disabled students in a way that provides an indispensible insight into their relationship with technologies and the institutions in which they study.Examining the social, educational, and political background behind making online learning accessible in higher and further education, E-Learning and Disability in Higher Education considers the roles and perspectives of the key stake-holders involved in e-learning: lecturers, professors, instructional designers, learning technologists, student support services, staff developers, and senior managers and administrators.

The most influential and distinguished women throughout the world are brought together in this unique single-volume publication. Listing more than 7,500 entries from a variety of backgrounds, this new tenth edition reflects the significant role of women in modern society. A one-stop research tool making reference quick and easy, recognizing established personalities as well as women who are rising to prominence. To ensure accuracy, the entrants themselves validate information wherever possible.Each entry provides comprehensive biographical details, including, where available, Key Features: - each entry includes: name, titles, nationality, profession, date and place of birth, personal details, education, career history, honours, awards and prizes, publications, artistic achievements, leisure interests, and contact details, including address, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail and website addresses.where available - comprehensive biographies of women from all occupational fields are included: politics, finance, business, academia, science, literature, the media, fashion, the arts, medicine, sports and many more.

This title investigates China's network society, both its online cyber society and offline real world society, by analyzing the trends and social foundations of society as network and the social challenges it poses, as well as structural changes in social space and social interaction.The first part of the book examines how network society in China forms and develops, analyzing the challenges and structural changes it poses. The author studies network power and uncertainties that lies in the supply, flow, and reception of a massive amount of information, revealing how this influences the government's administrative power as well as governance measures to stabilize social cohesion. The second part first discusses the social restructuring and characteristics of network social space in China. Based on case studies of several momentous social events, the spatial change characterized by an integration of absence and presence space and its influence on social interaction and experience is elucidated, including active absence interaction, mediated experience, spatial representation, and social identities of network aggregation.The book will be a crucial reference for scholars and students studying sociology, network sociology, and contemporary Chinese society.

Social research efforts are often more concerned with basic social processes or patterns than with the dynamic relationship between social processes and social institutions. In this classic collection, contributors posit generalizations drawn from contemporary sociology. Their analyses go beyond elementary principles - they interpret them, qualify them, or state them more precisely. Each of the contributors focuses on the modern American social structure, and they are either explicitly comparative or have made observations that clearly are meant to apply to many countries.This volume both embodies and draws attention to newer developments in sociology. Like most steps forward in an advancing science, this orientation does not reject the older knowledge accumulated during earlier generations, but incorporates and expands upon it. The differences are in emphasis rather than any denial of the main body of accepted theory. On the other hand, the collection may be said to represent a response to the many criticisms, by humanists and sociologists alike, of the mainstream of contemporary sociology as it existed at the time of original publication in the late 1960s.Inquiries into social changes, like sociological studies of historical phenomena, may be viewed as modes of a comparative sociology: They permit us to test more fully sociological generalizations. The emphasis in this volume on historical and comparative studies and on social change parallels the growing attention of sociology to these problems. During the 1960s, social science turned from a nearly exclusive preoccupation with middle-class populations to a concern with social relations in other societies, past as well as present. In addition to enriching our knowledge, this broader view has increased both the precision and generalizing power of sociological principles.

Learn new approaches to teaching history in middle school so students are more engaged in the big ideas and eager to examine the world around them. Co-published by Routledge and MiddleWeb, this practical guide will help you consider the unique needs of middle schoolers, who are in the midst of many social and emotional changes and need to see why the study of history matters to their own lives. Author Jody Passanisi shares helpful strategies and activities to make your social studies class a place where students can relate to the material, connect past history to present events, collaborate with others, think critically about important issues, and take ownership of their learning. Topics include: Reading and analyzing primary and secondary sources for deeper comprehension of historical issues Developing a written argument and defending it with supporting details and cited sources Examining the social context of a historical event and tracing the historical underpinnings of present day issues Using field trips, games, and Project Based Learning to make learning history a fun and interactive experience Assessing your students' progress using self-reflection, projects, essays, and presentations The appendices offer resources for each of the topics covered in the book as well as reproducible Blackline Masters of the charts and diagrams, which can be photocopied or downloaded from our website (http: //www.routledge.com/products/9781138639713) for classroom use.

Aesthetic Practices in African Tourism explores 'Rastahood', a community, youth culture, and new tourist art form created by young men on the margins of the Ghanaian economy as they came of age at the turn of the millennium

Building Your Inclusive Classroom explores why we need to adapt our teaching - and our approaches to children and young people - and how this will support the achievement of everyone in the classroom, including the teacher. It will help educators in mainstream settings, across all key stages, to adapt not only their resources but also their approaches for children with SEND and their peers.This accessible resource provides a toolkit of ideas, methods, and motivation to enable teachers to make their classrooms fully inclusive. Chapters present the most effective evidence-based approaches - exploring both relational, restorative practice and traditional methods - to provide the foundations upon which to build inclusive classrooms. The book: - Offers practical suggestions along with examples and case studies- Includes reflective questions to encourage readers to consider their current settings- Provides clear summaries and breakdowns of key guidelines and concepts- Does the heavy lifting for you and presents evidence-based approaches in an engaging manner- Incorporates the voices of staff and parents throughout- Inspires the reader to take risks, enhance current practice, and to make meaningful change for children and young people.Adaptive teaching has traversed beyond just the mini-whiteboard and the writing frame, and we need now, more than ever, to differentiate and adapt our approaches too, for children both with and without diagnosed Special Educational Needs and/or Disabilities (SEND). This book will be essential reading for mainstream teachers, SENDCOs, and trainee teachers, across all key stages.

This fifth edition of Where Medicine Fails, like previous editions, argues for a broader definition of society's responsibilities to the ill than is commonly perceived to be the case. The authors examine the moral and economic implications of medical technology, especially in regard to fetal tissue transplant, cancer survival, childbirth, and dying, and provide a thoughtful assessment of the issues and challenges facing American hospitals. Seventeen chapters are new to this edition. The aim of this volume is to encourage serious examination of the current structure of health services and of the complicated facets of health care reform.

From David Hume's famous puzzle about "the missing shade of blue," to current research into the science of colour, the topic of colour is an incredibly fertile region of study and debate, cutting across philosophy of mind, epistemology, metaphysics, and aesthetics, as well as psychology. Debates about the nature of our experience of colour and the nature of colour itself are central to contemporary discussion and argument in philosophy of mind and psychology, and philosophy of perception.This outstanding Handbook contains 29 specially commissioned contributions by leading philosophers and examines the most important aspects of philosophy of colour. It is organized into six parts: The Importance of Colour to Philosophy The Science and Spaces of Colour Colour Phenomena Colour Ontology Colour Experience and Epistemology Language, Categories, and Thought. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Colour is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind and psychology, epistemology, metaphysics, and aesthetics, as well as for those interested in conceptual issues in the psychology of colour.

This book examines recent advances in the study of geochemical biomarkers, more commonly known as molecular fossils. These advances cover a wide range of applications including formation of different ranks of coals, the diagenetic fate of biological compounds in natural waters, the characterization of depositional environments of petroleum source rocks and the classification of precursor organisms by their molecular fossil remnants. In addition, this volume contains the most extensive collection of material on geochemical markers of the continental basins of China yet to appear in the Western literature.