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First published in 1981, Lawyers in Early Modern Europe and America aims to present a convenient conspectus on the legal professions in early modern Europe, Scotland, France Spain and Colonial America, and to provide a comparative perspective on the place of the legal profession in Western societies before the Industrial Revolution. The main themes covered by each contributor are: the status, number and vocational functions of the different classes or groups or lawyers; their social origins; education and career patterns; relations between lawyers and clients, other occupations and status-groups and the state; the extent of legal 'professionalisation' and the role of lawyers as 'modernisers' in cultural, economic, political and social terms. This book will be of interest to students of history, law and political science.

This annual record of political developments in the Middle East is designed as a continuing, up-to-date reference for scholars, researchers and analysts, policy-makers, students and journalists. It examines in detail the rapidly-changing Middle-Eastern scene in all its complexity. This volume covers the eruption of the Gulf crisis and the war that had dramatic effects on all the countries of the Middle East.

Early Modern Others highlights instances of challenges to misogyny, racism, atheism, and antisemitism in the early modern period. Through deeply historicising early modern literature and looking at its political and social contexts, Peter C. Herman explores how early modern authors challenged the biases and prejudices of their age.By examining the works of Thomas More, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, John Fletcher, and Philip Massinger amongst others, Herman reveals that for every "-ism" in early modern English culture there was an "anti-ism" pushing back against it. The book investigates "others" in early modern literature through indigenous communities, women, religion, people of colour, and class.This innovative book shows that the early modern period was as complicated and as contradictory as the world today. It will offer valuable insight for anyone studying early modern literature and culture, as well as social justice and intersectionality.

Originally published in 1963 and authored by the then Editor of the Dancing Times, this was a pioneer work discussing not only the origins and development of many social dance forms from early times, but also relating these forms to their environment. As well as its role in social history, the book analyses the role of dance as a prime creative power in Renaissance spectacles which depicted and celebrated diplomatic, military and regal occasions. After a wide-ranging introductory chapter on the origins of dancing, the book takes the reader through the centuries, discussing in turn the Basse Danse and the Moresco of the Middle Ages, the Pavane, Galliard and Courante of the 16th Century, the Minuet of the 17th & 18th, the Allemande, the Waltz and the Polka as well as Jazz, the Cha Cha Cha, the Jive and Twist.

Originally published in 1968, this authoritative study analyses the Parlement as a law court and examines its political role and significance. From its beginning in the mid-13th Century until its fall during the 1789 Revolution, the Paris Parlement stood at the heart of government in France. Its primary function as the crown's judicial authority grew out of the need for a royal court to dispense justice when the king could no longer do so personally. The book describes how the Parlement evolved sophisticated procedures and a complex organization of chambers, officers and personnel and examines the Parlement's judicial and political growth, against the social backdrop of the Court and the Palais de Justice.

This book captures Donald J. Trump's presidency by addressing the remarkable tropes that defined that period. It offers research-based investigations of the communicative aspects of Trump's presidency, with a focus on race, immigration, xenophobia, and social conflicts as they interact with communication.

First published in 1951, Form and Spirit deals with two primary questions regarding religion- a) the nature of religion as a permanent need in human life, and its relation to the cults and creeds in which it has been embodied, and b) whether what is admittedly a crying need of our time can be met by the revival of religious forms which have lost their hold. An attempt is made to trace the evolution of religion, and a brief survey is given of the development of the chief world religions. The object is not to show that any of these can be accounted 'truer' than the rest but rather to see what were the reasons for the forms that they have taken, and what elements and tendencies are common to them, as throwing light both on the meaning of religion and on the needs of man's spiritual nature. This is an essential read for general readers interested in religion.

The Routledge Companion to Crime Fiction is a comprehensive introduction to crime fiction and crime fiction scholarship today. Across forty-five original chapters, specialists in the field offer innovative approaches to the classics of the genre as well as ground-breaking mappings of emerging themes and trends.The volume is divided into three parts. Part I, Approaches, rearticulates the key theoretical questions posed by the crime genre. Part II, Devices, examines the textual characteristics of the genre. Part III, Interfaces, investigates the complex ways in which crime fiction engages with the defining issues of its context - from policing and forensic science through war, migration and narcotics to digital media and the environment. Engagingly written and drawing on examples from around the world, this volume is indispensable to both students and scholars of crime fiction.

Global Television (1993) looks at how satellites, fibre optics, compressed digital transmission, and interactive and high-definition television have converged with computer technology to revolutionise TV and film production, TV sets and even the smart home in which TV is viewed. Its provides valuable insight into how new technologies and viewer demands have combined to transform television into a truly global medium.

This book engages with contemporary cultural production in Africa, focusing on theatre in Sierra Leone as main case study. The author provides coverage of, and insights into, such themes as cultural globalisation, commodification, the global creative economy, culture and development, international relations and contemporary cultural production in Sierra Leone within the context of local and global flows of people, media, images, technologies, finance and ideas.Combining the analysis of theatre in Sierra Leone and its aesthetics with its policy, structural and institutional context, this book highlights in much detail and nuance the interconnectedness between the micro- and the macro-levels of cultural production, between the local and the global, and between aesthetics, politics, policy, governance structures and institutions. This book links the particular findings from the author's fieldwork to larger issues of contemporary local cultural production within the context of globalisation, commodification and decolonisation; adds a postcolonial perspective to existing theories and approaches to cultural production, management and policy, which is still largely missing from the existing discourse; and also contributes to addressing the gap in the knowledge about the context of contemporary cultural productions in diverse African contexts.This book will be particularly useful for both theatre scholars with an interest in the political economy of theatre and, more broadly, those seeking to understand the nuanced challenges and opportunities faced by policymakers, artists and arts managers to embrace the cultural and creative industries in this context. It also offers excellent insights for policymakers who wish to improve their understanding and interventions beyond superficial 'best practice' snippets and simplified 'success stories'.

Originally published in 1981, Long Day at Shiloh recreates the first twenty-four hours of one of the crucial battles of the American Civil War: the Battle of Shiloh. In a series of short, cinematic takes, the book transports readers to Pittsburg Landing and into the lives of the men in the Union camp. It provides close views into the imagined thoughts and actions of individual soldiers on the eve of battle, and depicts their attack by Confederate troops on April 6 1862. Long Day at Shiloh is a detailed historical novel offering insight into the events, trials, losses, frustrations and exhilarations of combat during the Battle of Shiloh, as the author has imagined them.

Two decades before the war against Ukraine, a "special operation" was launched against the Russians' historical memory, aggressively reshaping the nation's understanding of its history and identity. The Kremlin's militarization of Russia through World War II propaganda is well documented, but the glorification of Russian medieval society and its warlords as a source of support for Putinism had not yet been explored. This book offers the first comparison of Putin's political neomedievalism and re-Stalinization and introduces the concept of mobmemory to the study of right-wing populism. It argues that the celebration of the oprichnina, Ivan the Terrible's regime of state terror (1565-1572), was fused with the rehabilitation of Stalinism to reconstruct the Russian Empire. The post-Soviet case suggests that the global obsession with the Middle Ages is not purely an aesthetic movement but a potential weapon against democracy.The book is intended for students, scholars, and non-specialists interested in understanding Russia's anti-modern politics and Russians' support for the terror unleashed against Ukraine.

This book traces the development of audio description (AD), a form of audiovisual translation delivered orally and consumed aurally that makes visual elements accessible primarily to people who are visually impaired, and in particular, art AD as an emergent sub-genre.Perego reflects on the static arts and the role of modern museums as key sites for art AD and multisensory environments that create memorable experiences for visitors. Based on professional, pre-recorded British and American English AD scripts, this book outlines the textual and linguistic features of art AD and its most relevant textual patterns. It explores diverse AD practices across different contexts, including stand-alone ADs for specific paintings and sculptures that can be consumed independently to enhance the appeal and accessibility of cultural environments. Moreover, the book investigates AD tours, which provide descriptions of a selection of interconnected artworks while also assisting, through focused instructions, visually impaired individuals in navigating the museum space, as well as touch tours, which incorporate procedural instructions on how to experience three-dimensional art or reproductions through tactile senses. Offering unique insights and future research directions for this growing area, this volume will be of interest to students and scholars in translation studies and media accessibility.

U.S. Museum Histories and the Politics of Interpretation is the first collection to examine the history of museums in the United States through the lens of the political and ideological underpinnings at the heart of exhibitions, collecting, and programming.Including contributions from historians, art historians, and anthropologists, academics and museum professionals, the book argues that museums have always been embedded in the politics and culture of their time - whether that means a reification of hegemonic notions of race, gender, and progress, or a challenge to those normative structures. Contributions probe the political nature of collection and interpretation as concept and practice, and museum work as both reflective of and contributing to the politics and circulation of power in different historical moments. As a whole, the volume provides detailed readings of museums that demonstrate the ways in which these trusted cultural institutions have intervened in shifting concepts of nation, community, indigeneity, race, citizenship, inclusion, identity, localism, and memory.U.S. Museum Histories and the Politics of Interpretation makes arguments about the historically and politically rooted nature of cultural production in museums that apply to institutions across the globe. It is essential reading for students and scholars of museum studies, public history, cultural history, art history and memory.

This book provides an in-depth analysis of authority structures in Saudi Arabia during the twentieth century, as presented in two leading Western newspapers, The London Times and The New York Times. Beginning with a history of Saudi Arabia - from the building of the Kingdom in 1901, when Ibn Saud left his exile in Kuwait to recover Riyadh back from Al-Rasheed's rule, until the death of King Fahd in 2005 - the author then outlines the theoretical framework of the book, specifically Weber's original conception of authority. Weber's notion of authority as having three types - traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal - is applied to an analysis of the two newspapers over the course of the twentieth century. A timeline is devised to aid this analysis, based on significant turning points in Saudi history, including Ibn Saud's declaration of the Kingdom in 1932 and King Faisal's assassination in 1975. Ultimately, this analysis discloses the many ways in which conceptions of authority in the Middle East were presented to Western audiences, whilst illuminating the political agendas inherent to this coverage in the UK and the US. This book is vital reading for anyone interested in Saudi Arabian history, Western perspectives of the Middle East, and the sociology of media.

Growing up on the Mongolian steppe, G. Mend-Ooyo reveals his understanding of the worlds of dream and magic, the power of language and love, the closeness of family, and the hardships and joys of nomadic life.

Drawing on the frameworks of peace journalism, this book offers new insights into the Pakistani media coverage of Afghan refugees and their forced repatriation from Pakistan.

First Published in 1999. Odysseus Elytis (1911-1996) was born in Crete, and published his first poems in 1935. He established himself as one of the leading figures in the 'Generation of the Thirties'. As well as publishing seventeen collection of poetry and a number of translations from Ancient Greek, he created two large volumes of prose writings. In 1979 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. This book is illustrated with ten colour reproductions of collages and paintings by Elytis as well as selected writings.

This book details how Building Information Modelling is being successfully deployed in the planning, design, construction and future operation of the Istanbul New Airport, a mega-scale construction project incorporating a varying mix of infrastructures including terminals, runways, passenger gates, car parks, railways and roads. The book demonstrates how Airport Building Information Modelling (ABIM) is being used to: - facilitate collaboration, cooperation and integrated project delivery - manage subcontractors and eliminate cost over-runs - reduce waste on site and enhance overall quality- connect people in a virtual environment to encourage collaborative working - provide clients with an effective interface for lifecycle management including: design development, construction documentation, construction phases and BIM and Big Data Integration for future facilities managementThe book presents a best practice BIM project, demonstrating concurrent engineering, lean processes, collaborative design and construction, and effective construction management. Moreover, the book provides a visionary exemplar for the further use of BIM technologies in civil engineering projects including highways, railways and others on the way towards the Smart City vision. It is essential reading for all Built Environment and Engineering stakeholders.

Drawing on recent research in the Sudan, Ivory Coast, Kenya and Tanzania, the contributing authors analyze broad patterns of social and political change brought about by the rapidly increasingly use of microcomputer technology in Africa.

Fraseología, lingüística cognitiva y español LE/L2 es la primera obra que ofrece una introducción teórica a la fraseología del español desde la perspectiva cognitiva y que proporciona unas bases metodológicas para su enseñanza en el aula. Este libro se apoya en una investigación original galardonada con el Premio ASELE-Routledge 2020.Sus principales características son: presentación de los contenidos en un recorrido que va de lo teórico a lo aplicado y experimental; explicaciones con abundantes ejemplos de unidades fraseológicas en contextos reales de uso; orientaciones metodológicas y estrategias didácticas de corte cognitivo para una aplicación directa en el aula; actividades para enseñar y aprender fraseologismos idiomáticos del español acompañadas de soluciones; estudio empírico sobre una propuesta didáctica de base cognitiva para la adquisición de un conjunto de locuciones del español; glosario bilingüe español-inglés de términos clave de la fraseología y la lingüística cognitiva para acercar estos dos ámbitos hasta los docentes. Lingüistas, fraseólogos, profesores de español y estudiantes de Lingüística y Estudios hispánicos encontrarán en este libro las claves de las principales aportaciones de la lingüística cognitiva al estudio de la fraseología en su vertiente teórica y aplicada a la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las unidades fraseológicas.Fraseología, lingüística cognitiva y español LE/L2 is the first work to offer a theoretical introduction to Spanish phraseology from a cognitive perspective and to provide a methodological basis for its teaching in the classroom. This volume is based on original research awarded the ASELE-Routledge Book Prize 2020.Its main features are: presentation of the contents in a path from the theoretical to the applied and experimental; explanations with abundant examples of phraseological units in real contexts of use; methodological orientations and didactic strategies of a cognitive nature for direct application in the classroom; activities for teaching and learning Spanish idiomatic phraseological idioms accompanied by answer key; empirical study of a cognitive-based didactic proposal for the acquisition of a set of Spanish idioms; a bilingual Spanish-English glossary of key terms in phraseology and cognitive linguistics to bring these two fields closer to teachers. Linguists, phraseologists, teachers of Spanish and students of Linguistics and Hispanic studies will find in this book the keys to the main contributions of cognitive linguistics to the study of phraseology in its theoretical and applied aspects to the teaching-learning of phraseological units.

Drawing on original designer interviews, this book explores how design interventions can and do support sex and gender equity and what barriers still stand in the way. Isabel Prochner not only brings attention to sex and gender problems related to design artifacts but also provides a unique overview of creative design responses to these issues. The case studies and designer interviews provide new information about how designers can address these issues and the challenges they may encounter - whether that's a lack of anthropometric data, trouble finding investment and business support, or even public resistance. Prochner brings together primary and secondary research and the most contemporary theories on sex, gender, and design. This book will be of interest to scholars working in design studies, sex and gender studies, social design, design for health, industrial design, product design, fashion design, and interaction design.

Presents a glimpse of everyday colonial life by examining the daily life on the settlements.

First published in 1990, Don Juan: Variations on a Theme explores the differing perceptions of this famous character following his first appearance on the European stage in the early seventeenth century. The book concentrates on the ways in which perceptions of Don Juan's character have altered in response to changes in social and moral values. It examines famous Don Juan works, including those by Moliere, Byron, Pushkin, Shaw, Anouilh, and Max Frisch, and relates them to these changing views. It also looks at a variety of other plays, poems, and novels on this theme, and highlights the important role of music in Don Juan's history. The book concludes with a consideration of Don Juan's lasting popularity and whether it has run its course. Don Juan: Variations on a Theme will appeal to anyone with an interest in the history of Don Juan, comparative literature, and European literature.

This book explores the work of important authors in the search for a transition towards more ethical design focused on more-than-human coexistence.In a time of environmental crises in which the human species threatens its own survival and the highest level of exacerbation of the idea of a future and technological innovation, it is important to discard certain anthropocentric categories in order to situate design beyond the role that it traditionally held in the capitalist world, creating opportunities to create more just and sustainable worlds. This book is an invitation to travel new paths for design framed by ethics of more-than-human coexistence that breaks with the unsustainability installed in the designs that outfit our lives. Questioning the notion of human-centered design is central to this discussion. It is not only a theoretical and methodological concern, but an ethical need to critically rethink the modern, colonialist, and anthropocentric inheritance that resonates in design culture. The authors in this book explore the ideas oriented to form new relations with the more-than-human and with the planet, using design as a form of political enquiry.This book will be of interest to academics and students from the world of design and particularly those involved in emerging branches of the field such as speculative design, critical design, non-anthropocentric design, and design for transition.

First published in 1954, East-West Passage is a detailed study of the literary relationship between Russia and the West. Divided into two parts, the book focuses both on specific literary connections, as well as on broader social and political considerations. It traces the gradual increase in awareness of Russian literature in England and the United States through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and considers the material that emerged in response, such as doctoral dissertations and critical essays. The volume highlights changes in literary tastes over the years, and explores in detail Russia's influence on the West. East-West Passage is ideal for those with an interest in the history of literature, as well as social and cultural history.

Ida Greaves, who was born in Barbados in 1907, is one of the "missing female voices" of early development economics. This biography, the first for Ida Greaves, attempts to construct her career and era before the past wholly disappears.

Histories of Architecture Education in the United States is an edited collection focused on the professional evolution, experimental and enduring pedagogical approaches, and leading institutions of American architectural education. Beginning with the emergence of architecture as a profession in Philadelphia and ending with the early work, but unfinished international effort, of making room for women and people of color in positions of leadership in the field, this collection offers an important history of architecture education relevant to audiences both within and outside of the United States. Other themes include the relationship of professional organizations to educational institutions; the legacy of late nineteenth-century design concepts; the role of architectural history; educational changes and trans-Atlantic intellectual exchanges after WWII and the Cold War; the rise of the city and urban design in the architect's consciousness; student protests and challenges to traditional architectural education; and the controversial appearance of environmental activism. This collection, in other words, provides a relevant history of the present, with topics of concern to all architects studying and working today.

First published in 1924, Skill in Work and Play discusses the most important problems in the acquisition of muscular or bodily skills. The book illustrates various ways in which muscular skill is, and might be, acquired by persons of different types of mentality, under various circumstances. The aim is to optimize the building of muscular skills for anyone interested. This book will be of use to anyone interested in physical education.

The tenth volume in the Routledge-TIRF series, this book features research on the teaching and learning of English in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). With chapters written by TIRF Doctoral Dissertation Grant awardees and internationally known scholars, the volume addresses contemporary challenges and considerations to teaching English in the MENA context. With empirical research covering a wide range of under-studied contexts, this book provides important insights and future directions to improve research and instruction. Offering up-to-date research at the primary, secondary, and post-secondary levels, this volume is an essential resource for language education programs and pre-service teachers.