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The book offers an innovative introduction to culture and psychology, taking a sociocultural approach to understand the intricacies of culture-mind-behaviour interactions.In this book the author emphasises the dynamic relationship of the culture and the mind, outlining how organized sociocultural models regulate actions and practices across different domains of people's lives such as parenting, education, communication, and acculturation. Each chapter features chapter's synopsis, boxed examples, a glossary of key terms, reflective questions, and recommended reading to help students engage further with the material. The book includes a range of fascinating cross-cultural case study examples and discussions which offer insights into the intricate connections between culture, human psyche, and behaviour.An Introduction to Culture and Psychology is essential reading for undergraduate students taking culture and psychology courses. It can also be of interest to scholars of psychology, anthropology, sociology, communication, and other related disciplines.

Foregrounding the work professional communicators do to support public health and social missions, this book examines how the principles and practices of public relations can be applied by nonprofit, government, and corporate entities working to understand and improve public health and social conditions.Many organizations attempt to influence prosocial behaviors, such as donating one's time, money, or talents; participating in advocacy or activism; or otherwise working to protect public health or inspire social change. This book explores research and practice related to communication and other factors involved in motivating such efforts. Each chapter focuses on a different topic, providing definitions, summarizing research, and explaining how it has been or can be applied to practice and ends with discussion questions to consider and references for further reading.Ideally placed for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in public relations, health communication, or strategic communication as well as for communications professionals looking to apply research to their practice.

Exploring Modern Greek as a Second, Foreign, and Heritage Language considers the diverse educational contexts within which Modern Greek is taught and how these diverse contexts substantially alter the requirements for materials, teacher training, and instructional practices.Divided into three parts, the book systematically examines the teaching of Greek as a second language, as a heritage language, and as a foreign language for students in Greece and further afield. The methodologies within vary from interviews to case-studies and introduce innovative approaches such as experiential learning, creative writing and theatrical practices designed to create a more holistic learning experience. The in-depth studies provided in this collection are designed to raise awareness of the unique challenges and different needs arising in the Greek language classroom and the implications for teachers and learners.The book will be essential reading for educators, researchers, and policy makers interested in the teaching of Greek as a second, foreign, or heritage language.

This book demonstrates Eugene O'Neill's use of philosophy in the early period of his work and provides analyses of selected works from that era, concluding with The Hairy Ape, completed in 1921, as an illustration of the mastery he had achieved in dramatizing key concepts of philosophy.Analyses of one-act and full-length plays from 1913 to 1921 reveal the influence of the three philosophers and establish that O'Neill was fundamentally a philosophic playwright, even from his earliest dramatic sketches. Specific concepts from Schopenhauer, Stirner, and Nietzsche went into O'Neill's shaping of character arcs, dramatic circumstances, symbology, and theme. Among them are Schopenhauer's concept of will and representation, Stirner's notion of possession, and Nietzsche's principle of the Apollonian-Dionysian duality. These ideas were foundational to O'Neill's construction of tragic irony apparent in his early period plays. The critical concepts of these three philosophers are the major pathways in this study. However, such an approach inevitably reveals other layers of spiritual influence, such as Catholicism and Eastern philosophy, which are touched on in these analyses.This book is a much-needed introduction to philosophic concepts in Eugene O'Neill's early work and would be of great interest to students and scholars in theatre studies and philosophy.

This book explores different accounts of powers and abilities in early modern philosophy. It analyzes powers and abilities as a package, hopefully enabling us to better understand them both and to see similarities as well as dissimilarities.While some prominent early modern accounts of power have been studied in detail, this volume covers lesser-known thinkers and several early modern women philosophers. The volume also investigates early modern accounts of powers and abilities in a more systematic fashion than has been previously done. By broadening its scope in these ways, the volume uncovers trends and tendencies in early modern thinking about powers and abilities that are easy to miss. The chapters explore how twenty-two early modern thinkers approached the following questions: What kind of entities are powers and abilities? Are they reducible to something categorical or not? What is the relation between powers and abilities? Is there a fundamental metaphysical difference between them or not? How do we know what powers objects have and what abilities agents have? Are human abilities in any way special? How do they relate to the abilities non-human animals have? And how do they relate to the powers of inanimate objects? Powers and Abilities in Early Modern Philosophy will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in the history of early modern philosophy, in metaphysics, and in the history of science.

This book develops a novel theory of intentionality. It argues that intentionality is an internal essential relation of constitution between an intentional state and an object or between such a state and a possible state of affairs as subsisting.The author's main claim is that intentionality is a fundamentally modal property, hence a non (scientifically) natural property in that it does not supervene, either locally or globally, on its nonmodal physical basis. This is the property, primarily for an intentional mental state, to be constituted by the entities it is about. In the case of intentionality of reference, such constituents are objects, in the sense of individuals; in the case of intentionality of content, such constituents are possible states of affairs as subsisting. Constitution is meant in a mereologically literal sense: those constituents are essential parts of the relevant states. As a result, the theory claims not only that intentionality is relational, but also that is an internal, essential relation holding between an intentional state and its object or proposition-like content.Intentionality as Constitution will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, metaphysics, and cognitive science.

Originally published in 1987, this book builds bridges between medical sociology and mainstream theory. It does so by demonstrating in new and important ways how selected theories of major thinkers like Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Freud, Parsons, Goffman, Foucault, Habermas and Offe stand to inform, and in turn be informed by the often highly focused and empirical studies of health, disease and health care found in contemporary medical sociology. The topics covered include doctor-patient interaction and the formation of health policy.

Originally published in 1987 this textbook is a comprehensive introduction to the rapidly developing field of medical geography. It illustrates the ideas, methods and debates that inform contemporary approaches to the subject, demonstrating the potential of a social and environmental approach to illness and health. The central theme is the need to reject an exclusively biological approach to health. The authors examine both the geography of health care and outline a selection of health service planning initiatives in both North America and Europe.

Originally published in 1980, this book focusses attention on various aspects of disease ecology. A series of contrasts appear, between urban and rural, temperate and tropical, and affluent and poor communities. These socio-geographical contrasts are related to a further dichotomy between infectious (usually acute) diseases, and non-infectious (usually chronic) ones. The first part of the book is largely concerned with infectious disease, such as malaria and gastroenteritis, in rural/tropical/poor communities. The second discusses the often-antithetical combination of chronic disease in urban/temperate/affluent populations.

Originally published in 1985, this book is a detailed study of the ways of harmonizing school and community policies, strategies and methods in health education, with examples of work achieved in most countries of Western Europe and the USA. It is primarily a guide to ways of overcoming a piecemeal approach to health education in schools and replacing it with more coherent, coordinated and valid forms in which community agencies can play their part.

Originally published in 1985, this book provides a comprehensive analysis of mental health policy and practice in the USA during the latter part of the 20th Century by focussing on 3 main themes: political-economic structures, the pitfalls of professionalism and institutional obstacles to adequate care.

Originally published in 1985, at a time when the previous 2 decades had witnessed dramatic changes in the US mental health system. These included the decline of the state mental hospital, the birth of the community mental health center and the expansion of psychiatric services in general hospitals. The inevitable results of the changes were the creation of a huge nursing home population of the chronically mentally ill, and the multiplication of urban 'street people'. Mental health care is uncoordinated and underfunded. The historical roots of these problems are examined in this book which is designed both as a professional reference volume and as a text for students in the sociology of mental health and illness. The contributors are drawn from diverse fields, including sociology, psychiatry, psychology, epidemiology and social history.

This volume presents insights on the challenges of digital communication and participation in agricultural and rural development. The COVID 19 pandemic has revealed that digital technology and mediated participation is more important and essential in managing ongoing communication for development projects than ever before. However, it also has also underscored the various challenges and gaps in knowledge with digital participatory practices, including the further exclusion of marginalized groups and those with limited access to digital technology. The book considers how the concept of participation has been transformed by the realities of the pandemic, reflecting on essential principles and practical considerations of communication for development and social change, particularly in the context of global agriculture and food security, the well-being of rural communities, and evolving environmental challenges such as climate change. In gathering these insights, this volume highlights lessons for the future of participatory development in communication for development and social change processes. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of agricultural and rural development, communication for development, digital communication and sustainable development more broadly.

Originally published in 1988, the essays in this book focus primarily on colonial medicine in the British Empire but comparative material on the experience of France and Germany is also included. The authors show how medicine served as an instrument of empire, as well as constituting an imperializing cultural force in itself, reflecting in different contexts, the objectives of European expansion - whether to conquer, to occupy or to settle. With chapters from a distinguished array of social and medical historians, colonial medicine is examined in its topical, regional and professional diversity. Ranging from tropical to temperate regions, from 18th Century colonial America to 20th Century South Africa, this book is an important contribution to our understanding of the influence of European medicine on imperial history.

Sport is increasingly being described as a complex system. This inherent complexity cannot be understood by examining components in isolation, rather, the system as a whole should represent the unit of analysis. Systems thinking is the answer to understand this complexity. Systems thinking, is a fundamental approach for understanding complexity and is beginning to gain traction in sport. It provides a philosophy and a set of associated methods which can be used to understand and optimize the behavior of complex systems such as sport. This book presents, for the first time, a practical guide to applying contemporary systems thinking methods in sport, as well as case study applications demonstrating how their outputs can be translated in practice. The methods described in this book can be used for better understanding the systemic influences on performance, injury, team functioning, decision making, adverse incidents, sports organization design and redesign, and prediction modelling. Systems Thinking Methods in Sport provides a practical step by step guide for sports practitioners and stakeholders, as well as university students and academics in applying state-of-the-art systems thinking methods to sport.

With this book, Brooke O'Harra takes up directing as an artistic practice in and of itself. Speaking beyond and against craft, O'Harra drives the art of directing forward.O'Harra investigates a series of important questions: How do we wrest our work from institutional imperatives of public building and culture building? How can an artist-driven discourse lead us toward the urgencies of artists and their publics in this moment? How do we "make" plays? How do we activate the relationships of making, whether between artists in the rehearsal room or between the production and the audience? Brooke addresses all aspects of the directorial process: reckoning with the script through dramaturgy, working within the rehearsal room, collaborating with other artists, as well as staging and production.This exploration will be of great interest to students and scholars in performance studies with a particular interest in directing.

This accessible, practical, and thoroughly updated second edition introduces and presents how emotionally focused therapy can be used effectively across all three modalities, couple, family, and individual therapy, with clients from a diversity of backgrounds.Responding to critical updates in the field, this second edition once again follows Emily, an EFT therapist, to demonstrate how EFT can be used in practice. With updated references, research, and terminology throughout, this new edition reflects recent theoretical and practical updates by refocusing the model towards therapist macro interventions, such as the 'EFT Tango', rather than the client change events, making it more accessible for readers to learn. It addresses the current need to integrate explicit sociocultural sensitivity into EFT by including diverse case studies, explicit discussion of how the model can be applied with a diversity of clients, and how EFT therapists can integrate cultural sensitivity and attunement across multiple and diverse identities, such as race, gender, sexual orientation, disabilities, neurotypicality, class, and religion. It can also be used alongside a practical new workbook, Workouts for Stepping into Emotionally Focused Therapy, providing therapists with all the tools needed to integrate this approach in their practice confidently.This book is an essential read for all marriage and family therapists in practice and in training as well as counsellors who are looking to use EFT with couples, families, and individuals.

This book explores the rich and varied mystical writings by and about medieval and early modern women across Western Europe. Women had a profound and lasting impact on the development of medieval and early modern spiritual and mystical literature, both through their own writing and as a result of the hagiographical texts that they inspired. Bringing together contributions by both established and emerging scholars, the volume provides a valuable overview of medieval mystical women with a special focus on the Low Countries and Italy, regions that produced a disproportionately high number of female mystics. The figures discussed range from Hildegard of Bingen, Hadewijch, Mechthild of Magdeburg, Marguerite Porete, Angela of Foligno, Julian of Norwich and Beatrice of Nazareth to lesser-known women such as Agnes Blannbekin, Christina of Hane, and Maria Maddalena de' Pazzi. The chapters address topics such as the body, pain, desire, ecstasy, stigmata, annihilation, virtue, visions, the tension between exterior and interior experience, and the nature of mystical union itself.

Through a collection of essays that reflect the complexity of the island's historical past as it operates today, Public History in Ireland delivers a scholarly yet accessible introduction to contemporary topics and debates in Irish public history.Despite the reputation that Ireland, both north and south, has gained as a place of contestation, this is the first book-length study to tackle its diverse and often 'difficult' public histories. Public History in Ireland offers examples drawn from museums, heritage and collections, prime mediators of public historical interpretation, but also from the work of artists and academics. It considers the silences in Ireland's history-telling including those of the recent conflict in Northern Ireland and of the traumatic public discoveries and re-evaluations of the island's institutions of social control. The book's key message is that history is active, making itself felt in ongoing debates about heritage, identity, nationhood, post-conflict society and reparative justice. It shows that Irish public history is freighted and often fraught with jeopardy, but as such it is rich with insight that has relevance far beyond this island's shores.This book is useful for students, scholars, and practitioners working in the fields of public history and the history of Ireland.

This book concentrates on the political economies of Germany and France in the period spanning between the end of World War II and the 1970s, with a subsequent consideration of Italy and Britain as "shadow cases".European postwar accounts have never reconciled the thwarting of widespread aspirations to socialism, and the twin feat of equalitarian growth and institutional stability. This success is precisely due to achieving the reconciliation of democracy and economic management, the yearning for collective control over social and material outcomes that was tragically aborted in the interwar period, and fed 1945 expectations. Germany, in 1948-49, and France, in 1958, carried radical institutional and policy reforms with much more in common than previously realised. Under the recast republics, social groups were steered towards support for modernisation - by the state, not through a mythical settlement. Consensus was built for trade and low inflation as vectors for higher productivity. State capacity was lifted by leadership in ideas, executive branch accountability to voters, and technocratic agencies. British and Italian underperformances reveal the countries' uneasiness with the compact.Once understood, the convergence of productivism and democracy in the European regulatory state provides a new narrative - especially relevant today - of experts taming populists.

Models and modeling have played an increasingly important role in philosophy, going back to the nineteenth century. While philosophical interest in models has been remarkably lively over the last two decades, there are still many underexplored questions. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Scientific Modeling is an outstanding reference source and guide to this fast-growing area and is the first volume of its kind. Comprised of 40 specially commissioned chapters by an international team of contributors, the Handbook is organized into five clear parts: Historical and General Perspectives Philosophical Accounts of Modeling Methodological Aspects: Model Construction, Evaluation, and Calibration Related Topics Modeling in the Wild. Within these parts, the Handbook covers a diverse range of topics, including historical perspectives on modeling, the relationship between models, theories, representation, idealization, and understanding, and related topics like big data, simulation, and statistical and computational modeling. Different kinds of models are discussed, for example, network models, financial models, and climate and synthetic models.The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Scientific Modeling is essential reading for students and scholars of philosophy of science, formal epistemology, and philosophy of social sciences. It is also a valuable resource for those in related fields such as computer science and information technology.

This book presents a novel examination of Marine Protected Areas within a security context, bridging science, policy and geopolitics, and addressing the often-under-emphasized aspect of environmental justice.The book argues that Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are not only a critical tool for protecting marine biodiversity in a changing climate, but they also play an important role at the intersection of geopolitics and environmental justice, and they provide a case study of environmental governance at the science-policy interface. The book takes an interdisciplinary and critical approach and builds on the author's near two decades working in this field. Geopolitically, it explores the ways MPAs provide access to resources in remote areas, becoming footprints for influence far from home for nations with overseas territories. MPAs also raise important issues connected to equity, environmental justice and social justice, including access to resources and participation in environmental decision-making processes, a key aspect for achieving long-term conservation goals. The book also demonstrates how MPAs are a critical lens for understanding how policy makers cope with scientific uncertainty, and the necessity of well-designed and precautionary science advisory processes. While the ecological contribution of MPAs is paramount, social issues and geopolitical considerations are often less obvious in the discourse underpinning MPAs, and the resulting tensions can undermine long-term conservation objectives. By applying the three lenses of geopolitics, environmental justice and science, this book provides key insights to help the international community moving past 2030 and beyond, towards a future of meaningful, equitable, and effective conservation approaches.This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of biodiversity conservation, marine studies, political geography, environmental governance, and science-policy studies. It will also be of interest to marine conservation governance professionals and policymakers.

The Creative Writing Compass presents a dynamic navigational instrument for creative writers and those learning to be creative writers, providing a method for developing and advancing knowledge of creative writing. Award-winning novelist Graeme Harper explores the many fluid interactions of the imagination and the physical acts of writing. He includes observations and approaches that can be personalized to assist with writing decisions.This distinctive guide to the practice of creative writing and to its critical understanding is based in the actions of creation and in each individual writer's responses to those actions. The 'compass' refers to the range of outcomes produced in creative writing - from finished works to the experiences creative writers have while writing, as well as to the range of forces, influences and meanings that any writer is likely to encounter along the way.The Creative Writing Compass is a guide to the consideration, progression and completion of creative writing projects, providing ways of thinking about work-in-progress as well as ways of determining and reflecting on end results.

Hearing Islam introduces the global religious tradition of Islam through its rich history of sounds and music.The book explores how the centrality of sonic practices and experiences within Islamic traditions stems largely from the orality of the Qur'an and the importance of recitation, while arguing that sound can provide a productive point of entry to human cultures in general. Its tripartite structure guides the reader through the foundations of Islamic traditions and sounds; theoretical frameworks of orality, listening, and deafness; and some of the major types of sonic practices and genres related to Islam, such as chanting the Islamic poetic tradition, South Asian qawwali, and hip-hop.This cutting-edge textbook is the go-to volume for students of Islam and sound, Islamic studies, religion and sound, and the practice of Islam.

European Union policies are intertwined with all sectors of public administration and governance in the member states, including spatial, urban and regional planning. Legal regulations like the Natura 2000 Directives, funding programmes associated with EU Cohesion Policy or strategies such as the Territorial Agenda 2030 all leave their mark on planning - yet with considerably different effects in Europe's cities and regions.This book serves as a guide to navigate the connection points between EU policies and spatial planning by introducing the logics of EU policymaking and European spatial planning, outlining the most relevant EU policies with relevance for spatial planning and presenting examples from Austria and Finland how EU policies are applied in domestic contexts. By exploring the Europeanisation of spatial planning 'from within', the book acknowledges how differential ideas about what spatial planning is and what role the EU plays therein shape the actualised impacts of EU policies. By providing a comprehensive perspective on the relevance of the European Union for spatial planning, this book is ideal for students, academics and administrators who want to grasp how the EU shapes and affects planning practice in Europe's cities and regions.

Sally Hemings: Given Her Time is an exciting, concise biography which tells the extraordinary tale of Sally Hemings, mother of Thomas Jefferson's enslaved children.Born on the eve of the American Revolution, the war hung over Sally Hemings childhood. As a teenager, she travelled to Paris to witness the beginning of another revolution. There, she entered a painful bargain and became Jefferson's concubine in exchange for her children's freedom. Over thirty-six years she gave birth to seven children, buried three, and raised four, all while hoping their father would make good on his promise.Placing Hemings within the history of American women and slavery, the book acts as an introduction to race, gender, slavery, and freedom in the first fifty years of the American republic. Within this context, Hemings' life demands an honest reckoning with the national foundations of race, gender, bondage, and freedom from the vantage of a woman for whom nothing was created equal and for whom life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness came with great costs. This textbook includes study questions for students to consider, and documents to encourage students to engage with primary source materials.Sally Hemings: Given Her Time is an accessible and lively read for students in Women and Gender Studies, Women's History and African American Studies.

First published in 1955, The British Co-operative Movement presents a comprehensive overview of the cooperative movement in Britain. It discusses important themes like co-operative beginnings; co-operative principles and methods; the retail societies; the 'wholesales'; co-operative co- partnership; the agricultural co-ops.; the co-operative union; the co-operative party; employment; and co-operative education. This is an important historical reference work for scholars of British history and British politics.

First published in 1969, African Penal Systems is the first book to explore the problems of African criminology. Sixteen distinguished contributors- sociologists, lawyers, and psychiatrists- each an authority on some aspect of African penal problems, have collaborated to produce it. Its first part gives a general survey of the penal systems of some fourteen African countries, variously English, French, or Portuguese inclined, or wholly autochthonous. Part two includes six specialist contributions on various detailed problems in the development and operation of the modern African systems.In his introduction Alan Milner, describes the sociological forces responsible for the increase of crime in Africa and examines the possibility of the growth of a peculiarly African approach to the solution of its penal problems. This is a must read for scholars and researchers African Studies, criminology, and African Law.

First published in 1983, Cybernetics of Art uses the methodology and concepts of cybernetics to explore art and the creative process. Part I surveys the domain that includes both science and the arts, attempting to understand their differing viewpoints- and the basis of conflicts between them. Art is approached as a method of knowledge aimed at knowledge of experience per se (as distinct from knowledge derived through experience).Part II poses the problem of notionally constructing an authorship machine and develops the technical argument by exploring the question of the kind of machine it would need to be. Part III examines the products of such a machine with a view to finding criteria for distinguishing those that might be called art. An extended, non-technical commentary accompanies the text throughout, with the dual aim of comparing the book's technical conclusions with ideas expressed by critiques and practicing artists and assisting readers unfamiliar with the information sciences in following the argument. In a world dominated by artificial intelligence, this interdisciplinary book will be useful for scholars and researchers of cybernetics, art, and humanities and social sciences in general.

This book provides a conceptual toolkit to understand the changing technologies and dynamics of political campaigning in India. Examining political campaigning and party strategies across many Indian states, with special attention to regional politics, histories, cultures, social and technological contexts, the book discusses the potential impacts of campaign strategies on electoral outcomes.Political campaigning reached a tipping point with millions of social media users engaging online with family and friends, political issues, parties and candidates in India's 2019 parliamentary election. Although India's political parties had been working with consultants and professional advertising agencies for decades, by 2019, millions of first-time voters as well as older voters were microtargeted with campaign messaging by parties and their affiliates, including frequent misinformation from unknown sources supporting one party or another.Filling a key gap in political communication research on election campaigns in digital India, the chapters in this book capture how political campaigning is important for the electoral fortunes of political parties in India's diverse regions and states.This book will appeal to students, scholars, and practitioners in political communication, public administration, and political consulting, as well as anyone interested in data-driven political campaigning. It will also be an invaluable reading for those interested in South Asian studies. This book was originally published as a special issue of South Asian History and Culture.