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This book treads new paths through the labyrinths of our human thought. It meanders through the darkness to encounter the monsters at the heart of the maze: Minotaurs, Centaurs, Automata, Makers, Humans. One part of our human thought emerges from classical Ionia and Greek civilisation more generally. We obsessively return to that thought, tread again its pathways, re-enact its stories, repeat its motifs and gestures. We return time and time again to construct and re-construct the beings which were part of its cosmology and mythology - stories enacted from a classical world which is itself at once imaginary and material.The "Never Never Lands" of the ancient world contain fabulous beasts and humans and landscapes of desire and violence. We encounter the rioting Centaurs there and never again cease to conjure them up time and time again through our history. The Centaur mythologies display a fascination with animals and what binds and divides human beings from them. The Centaur hints ultimately at the idea of the genesis of civilisation itself.The Labyrinth, constructed by Daedalus, is itself a prison and a way of thinking about making, designing, and human aspiration. Designed by humans it offers mysteries that would be repeated time and time again - a motif which is replicated through human history. Daedalus himself is an archetype for creation and mastery, the designer of artefacts and machines which would be the beginning of forays into the total domination of nature.Centaurs, Labyrinths, Automata offer clues to the origins and ultimately the futures of humanity and what might come after it.Martyn Hudson is the coordinator of the Co-Curate North East digital archives and machines project at Newcastle University in the School of Arts and Cultures, as well as a Lecturer in Art and Design History. He has published widely in landscape, history, music, and archives. His book The Slave Ship, Memory and the Origin of Modernity was published by Routledge in 2016, and he has two other books forthcoming from Routledge: Ghosts, Landscapes and Social Memory and Species and Machines: The Human Subjugation of Nature.

Shakespeare's As You Like It is a play without a theme. Instead, it repeatedly poses one question in a variety of forms: What if the world were other than it is? As You Like It is a set of experiments in which its characters conditionally change an aspect of their world and see what comes of it: what if I were not a girl but a man? What if I were not a duke, but someone like Robin Hood? What if I were a deer? "What would you say to me now an [that is, "if"] I were your very, very Rosalind?" (4.1.64-65). "Much virtue in 'if'," as one of its characters declares near the play's end; 'if' is virtual. It releases force even if the force is not that of what is the case. Change one thing in the world, the play asks, and how else does everything change?In As You Like It, unlike Shakespeare's other plays, the characters themselves are both experiment and experimenters. They assert something about the world that they know is not the case, and their fictions let them explore what would happen if it were-and not only if it were, but something, not otherwise apparent, about how it is now. What is as you like it? What is it that you, or anyone, really likes or wants? The characters of As You Like It stand in 'if' as at a hinge of thought and action, conscious that they desire something, not wholly capable of getting it, not even able to say what it is. Their awareness that the world could be different than it is, is a step towards making it something that they wish it to be, and towards learning what that would be.Their audiences are not exempt. As You Like It doesn't tell us that it knows what we like and will give it to us. It pushes us to find out. Over the course of the play, characters and audiences experiment with other ways the world could be and come closer to learning what they do like, and how their world can be more as they like it. By exploring ways the world can be different than it is, the characters of As You Like It strive to make the world a place in which they can be at home, not as a utopia-Arden may promise that, but certainly doesn't fulfill it-but as an ongoing work of living. We get a sense at the play's end not that things have been settled once and for all, but that the characters have taken time to breathe-to live in their new situations until they discover better ones, or until they discover newer desires.As You Like It, in other words, is a kind of essay: a set of tests or attempts to be differently in the world, and to see what happens. These essays in As If: As You Like It, originally commissioned as an introductory guide for students, actors, and admirers of the play, trace the force and virtue of someof the claims of the play that run counter to what is the case-its 'ifs.'William N. West is Associate Professor of English, Classics, and Comparative Literary Studies at Northwestern University, where he is also chair of the Department of Classics and co-editor of the journal Renaissance Drama. He is co-editor (with Helen Higbee) of Robert Weimann's Author's Pen and Actor's Voice: Writing and Playing in Shakespeare's Theatre (Cambridge, 2000) and (with Bryan Reynolds) of Rematerializing Shakespeare: Authority and Representation on the Early Modern Stage (Palgrave, 2005). In addition to his book Theatres and Encyclopedias in Early Modern Europe (2002), he has recently published articles on Romeo and Juliet's understudies, irony and encyclopedic writing before and after the Enlightenment, Ophelia's intertheatricality (with Gina Bloom and Anston Bosman), humanism and the resistance to theology, Shakespeare's matter, and conversation as a theory of knowledge in Browne's Pseudodoxia. His work has been supported by grants from the NEH and the Beinecke, Folger, Huntington, and Newberry libraries.

What's left to say about the anarchist canon? One answer might be that reflecting on the canon's construction can help reveal something about the ways in which anarchism has been misunderstood. Another possibility is that it locates anarchism --- in all its diversity and complexity --- in particular geographical and historical locations. The canon not only establishes the parameters of anarchist theory, it sets them in a particular (European) context, serving as a springboard for subsequent revisions, developments and critiques. The canon describes a classic form, to use George Woodcock's term - it benchmarks anarchism. Who constructed it, where did it come from --- what are the implications of its reification in contemporary anarchist studies? How successful have recent critiques been in overcoming the limitations that canonical study has encouraged? What are the risks of leaving the canon intact, even if as a target for critique? Should anarchists worry about the explosion of the canon if the result is to include as 'anarchist' philosophers or movements who do identify with anarchist traditions? What does self-identification mean in the absence of a canon? Does the rejection of the canon imply the rejection of an anarchist history of ideas, and if such a history remains important in anarchism, how should it be approached and understood? In this special issue of Anarchist Developments in Cultural Studies (Issue 2013.1) edited by Ruth Kinna and Süreyyya Evren, noted anarchist scholars explore these questions.TABLE OF CONTENTS //EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION: Ruth Kinna and Süreyyya Evren, "Blasting the Canon"ARTICLES: Leonard A. Williams, "The Canon Which is Not One" --- James A. Miller, "Canon and Identity: Thoughts on the Hyphenated Anarchist" --- Matthew S. Adams, "The Possibilities of Anarchist History: Rethinking the Canon and Writing History" --- Michelle M. Campbell, "Voltairine de Cleyre and the Anarchist Canon" --- Nathan Jun, "Rethinking the Anarchist Canon: History, Philosophy, and Interpretation" --- Elmo Feiten, "Would the Real Max Stirner Please Stand Up?" --- Jim Donaghey, "Bakunin Brand Vodka: An Exploration into Anarchist-punk and Punk-anarchism" --- Ryan Knight, "Mikhail Bakunin's Post-Ideological Impulse: The Continuity Between Classical and New Anarchism"REVIEW/DEBATE: Robert Graham, "Black Flame A Commentary" --- Lucien van der Walt, "(Re)Constructing a Global Anarchist and Syndcalist Canon: A Response to Robert Graham and Nathan Jun on Black Flame"INTERVIEW: Gabriel Kuhn, "Interview with Jürgen Mümken"UNSCIENTIFIC SURVEY: "7 Sages of Anarchism"

A nationwide survey conducted by an institute for philosophical research has determined that nihilists, on the whole, have good intentions.In An Unspecific Dog, Joshua Rothes collects 150 short texts as fables for our time, a veritable catalog of agnotology, a series of situations and propositions that revel in the dark irony at the root of our early-twenty-first-century existence.A man reads the terms and conditions and finds that he has no secrets, while scientists promise that, "with improvements to fMRI technology, what matters to us will become more clear."The subjects of these texts are caught between vocabularies, between contingency and certainty, the interim in which certain kind of ironic vitality exists, where tragedy and humor are equally likely and often deeply entangled. Rothes reminds us that language acts as a mirror for human experience, in that through it we can never really see the backs of our own heads.Joshua Rothes is the author of several unfinished books, as well as a quantity of short fictions that may one day be dignified as Collected. He was born in 1987 in North Carolina. He lives with a lady and a dog in Seattle.

A Brief Genealogy of Jewish Republicanism: Parting Ways with Judith Butler uses the chance synchronicity of the 2013 Israeli parliamentary elections and literary theorist Judith Butler's controversial Brooklyn College address calling for the boycotting of Israeli academic, cultural, and economic institutions as an occasion for examining possible relations between Jewishness and state-centered forms of self-governance. In an extended analysis of Butler's Parting Ways: Jewishness and the Critique of Zionism, Tucker shows how the alignment of certain authors' identities and ideas undergirding Butler's analytical framework draws upon a pointedly Christian conception of belief. This Christian conception of belief structures the most familiar understandings of modern secularism, articulated most famously by John Locke in his "Letter Concerning Toleration." Tucker reads Locke's "Letter"' alongside Jewish philosopher/rabbi Moses Mendelssohn's 1783 critique of Locke, Jerusalem: Or On Religious Power and Judaism, and the Jewish tradition of the minyan, making a case for the existence of an alternative history of publicness borrowing from Jewish conceptions of communal life and the proper relations of actions and ideas.In throwing light on a genealogy of Jewish practices aimed at the deliberate creation of collectives constituted by their grappling with contingent, historical time, Tucker argues for the existence of a Jewish tradition of republicanism, of democracy. Within such a context, the Jewishness of Israel can be seen to lie first and foremost in its methods of generating a civil collective out of a diverse citizenry rather than in the identities of its individual citizens. The tradition Tucker has in mind explicitly uses an idea of ritual or "ceremonial law" to sustain within itself a tension between a heterogeneity of perspectives and interests constitutive of democratic process and the forms of unity and agreement often understood to be the desired outcome of that process. By setting forth a framework in which heterogeneity and agreement are conceived as coincident modes of political being rather than steps in a linear process, this "Jewish republicanism" frames law-making, implementation and following as forms of a single structure of ritual practice. Such a framework might provide the inspiration and authority for reconceiving some of the fundamental relations of the Zionist project.Irene Tucker, a professor of English at University of California, Irvine, is currently at work on a collection of essays exploring conceptions of the relations of culture and state sovereignty in Israel and contemporary Jewish life. She is the author of two previous books, The Moment of Racial Sight: A History (2012), which investigated the connections of race, history of medicine, and 18th and 19th century European philosophy and literature, and A Probable State: The Novel, the Contract and the Jews (2000), which made a case for the links of liberalism, nationalism and the form of the realist novel in 19th-century British novel, as well as in the early Hebrew novel. Before coming to UC Irvine, Irene Tucker was a faculty member in the English departments at Johns Hopkins University and Duke University.

Recent forms of realism in continental philosophy that are habitually subsumed under the category of "speculative realism," a denomination referring to rather heterogeneous strands of philosophy, bringing together object-oriented ontology (OOO), non-standard philosophy (or non-philosophy), the speculative realist ideas of Quentin Meillassoux and Marxism, have provided grounds for the much needed critique of culturalism in gender theory, and the authority with which post-structuralism has dominated feminist theory for decades. This publication aims to bring forth some of the feminist debates prompted by the so-called "speculative turn," while demonstrating that there has never been a niche of "speculative realist feminism."Whereas most of the contributions featured in this collection provide a theoretical approach invoking the necessity of foregrounding new forms of realism for a "feminism beyond gender as culture," some of the essays tackle OOO only to invite a feminist critical challenge to its paradigm, while others refer to some extent to non-philosophy or the new materialisms but are not reducible to either of the two. We have invited essays from intellectual milieus outside the Anglo-Saxon academic center, bringing together authors from Serbia, Slovenia, France, Ireland, the UK, and Canada, aiming to promote feminist internationalism (rather than a "generous act of cultural inclusion").CONTENTSKaterina Kolozova - Preface: After the "Speculative Turn"Nina Power - Philosophy, Sexism, Emotion, RationalismKatherine Behar - The Other WomanAnne-Françoise Schmid - Libérer épistémologiquement le féminismePatricia Ticineto Clough - Notes for "And They Were Dancing"Joan Copjec - No: FoucaultJelisaveta Blagojevic - Thinking WithOutMarina Grzinic - Rearticulating the Speculative TurnFrenchy Lunning - The Crush: The Firey Allure of the Jolted PuppetNandita Biswas Mellamphy - (W)omen out/of Time: Metis, Medea, MahakaliMichael O'Rourke - "Girls Welcome!!!" Speculative Realism, Object-Oriented Ontology, and Queer TheoryKaterina Kolozova, PhD, is the director of the Institute in Social Sciences and Humanities-Skopje, Macedonia and a professor of gender studies at the University American College-Skopje. She is also visiting professor at several universities in Former Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. In 2009, Kolozova was a visiting scholar in the Department of Rhetoric (Program of Critical Theory) at the University of California-Berkeley. She is the author of Cut of the Real: Subjectivity in Poststucturalist Philosophy (Columbia University Press, 2014) and Toward a Radical Metaphysics of Socialism: Marx and Laruelle (punctum books, 2015).Eileen A. Joy is the Director of punctum books and has published widely on medieval literature, cultural studies, intellectual and literary history, ethics, affects and embodiments, the post/human, and speculative realism. She is the co-editor of postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies and the Lead Ingenitor of the BABEL Working Group. She is also the co-editor of The Postmodern Beowulf (West Virginia University Press, 2007), Cultural Studies of the Modern Middle Ages (Palgrave, 2007), Dark Chaucer: An Assortment (punctum, 2012), On Style: An Atelier (punctum, 2013), Speculative Medievalisms: Discography (punctum, 2013), Burn After Reading (punctum, 2014), and Fragments for a History of a Vanishing Humanism (Ohio State, 2016).

What is soul? Can it be forfeited? Can it be traded away? If it can, what would ensue? What consequences would follow from loss of soul - for the individual, for society, for the earth?In the early nineteenth century, Goethe's hero, Faust, became a defining archetype of modernity, a harbinger of the existential possibilities and moral complexities of the modern condition. But today the dire consequences of the Faustian pact with the devil are becoming alarmingly visible. In light of this, how would Goethe's arguably flawed drama play out in a 21st-century century setting? Would a contemporary Faust sign up to a demonic deal? Indeed what, in the wake of two hundred years of social and economic development, would be left for the devil to offer him? A contemporary Faust would already possess everything the original Faust in his ascetic cloister lacked - affluence and mobility; celebrity and worldly influence; access to information; religious choice; sexual freedom and the availability of women - though women, it must be noted, currently also partake of that same freedom. The only thing a present-day Faust would lack would be his soul. Would he miss it? Does soul even exist? If it does, it would of course be the one thing the devil could not bestow. So from what or whom could Faust retrieve it? What, in a word, would a contemporary Faust most deeply desire?In pursuit of these questions, Ardea engages a familiar but possibly faulty archetype, that of Faust, with an unfamiliar one, that of the white heron, borrowed from a short story of the same name by nineteenth-century American author, Sarah Orne Jewett. In Jewett's tale, a soul-pact of an entirely different kind from that entered into by Faust is proposed. It is a pact with the wild, a pledge of fealty, of non-forfeiture, that promises to redraw the violent psycho-sexual and psycho-spiritual patterns that have underpinned modernity. How would a present-day heir to the Faustian tradition, ingrained with the habit of entitlement but also burdened with the consequences of the old pact, respond to the new proposition?Freya Mathews is Adjunct Professor of Environmental Philosophy at Latrobe University, and Adjunct Professor at the Monash Sustainability Institute, Monash University. Her books include The Ecological Self (1991), Ecology and Democracy (editor) (1996), For Love of Matter: a Contemporary Panpsychism (2003), Journey to the Source of the Merri (2003), Reinhabiting Reality: Towards a Recovery of Culture (2005). She is the author of over seventy articles in the area of ecological philosophy. Her current special interests are in ecological civilization; indigenous (Australian and Chinese) perspectives on "sustainability" and how these perspectives may be adapted to the context of contemporary global society; panpsychism and the critique of the metaphysics of modernity; and wildlife ethics in the context of the Anthropocene. In addition to her research activities she manages a private biodiversity reserve in Central Victoria. She is a fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities.

Issue 3 of Speculations: A Journal in Speculative Realism, covering a wide range of topics (from the philosophy of religion to psychoanalysis, from the philosophy of science to gender studies), formats (articles, interviews, position pieces, translations, and review essays) and authors (from well-published authors to the best among a new generation of philosophers). Contributors include: Benjamin Norris, Beatrice Marovich, Levi Bryant, Daniel Whistler, Daniel Colucciello Barber, Christopher Norris, Michael Haworth, Graham Harman, Louis Morelle, Christian Thorne, Peter Wolfendale, Fabio Gironi, Daniel Sacilotto, Dave Mesing, Maxwell Kennel, and Yuting Zou.