Hidradenitis suppurativa, or acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder clinically characterized by acne-like skin lesions, follicular occlusion and recurrent inflammation. The underlying cause of the disease is not clear, but effective treatment relies on resection of all involved skin and subcutaneous tissue. As such, Hidradenitis Suppurativa: From Diagnosis to Treatment details specific operative nuances of affected locations and surgical approaches to localized, regional, and more systemic disease. The surgical management of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa affecting the axilla is explored in the context of the excision and reconstructive techniques available. In closing, the authors discuss evidence-based therapeutic approaches for the management and treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa and how, most commonly, a multimodal treatment plan is required for optimal response.
Famous American Statesmen, published in 1888, is a collection of 10 biographical sketches of America''s most famous statesmen. With the great, one''s thoughts and manners easily become great; ... what this country longs for is personalities, grand persons, to counteract its materialities," says Emerson. Such lives as are sketched in this book are a constant inspiration, both to young and old. They teach patriotism -- deeper love for and devotion to America. They teach that life, with some definite and noble purpose, is worth living.
Nursing homes provide care to about 1.4 million nursing home residents-a vulnerable population of elderly and disabled individuals. CMS, an agency within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), defines standards nursing homes must meet to participate in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. This book reviews the abuse of residents in nursing homes.
Marine debris is a persistent problem in many coastal areas of the United States. There are a variety of potential economic losses associated with marine debris, including effects on commercial fisheries, effects on waterfront property values, costs incurred by local governments and volunteer organizations to remove and dispose of marine debris, and more general "existence" values reflecting the public''s preference for a clean environment. This book discusses marine debris and steps to mitigate its effects.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) awards priority review vouchers (PRV) to drug sponsors that develop drugs for tropical diseases or rare pediatric diseases or to use as medical countermeasures. The PRV-which can be sold to another drug sponsor-may be redeemed later to receive priority review from FDA with a targeted review time of 6 months, rather than the 10-month standard review, for a drug application of the PRV holder''s choice. Chapter 1 examined the number of PRVs awarded and redeemed and the drugs for which they were awarded or redeemed, and what is known about the extent to which the PRVs provide incentives for developing drugs to meet unmet needs. Chapter 2 examines the prevalence of obesity in the United States, and what is known about the use and health insurance coverage of obesity drugs. Chapter 3 discusses how to get medical care and prescription drugs during a disaster or when an emergency has been declared. The 340B Drug Pricing Program was created in 1992 to enable eligible covered entities-including certain categories of hospitals-to obtain discounts on covered outpatient drugs. Chapters 4-6 examine various aspects of this Medicare program. Chapter 7 provides an overview of how drug prices are established under Part D and describes elements of various proposals for Secretarial negotiation. To mitigate the effects of the opioid crisis in Philadelphia, a nonprofit called Safehouse announced plans to open a supervised injection site where illicit drug users could consume opioids under the supervision of trained staff, receive medical intervention in case of an overdose, and access services including addiction treatment. Chapter 8 discusses the Safehouse litigation''s importance for Congress by first providing relevant factual and legal background, before identifying select considerations for Congress related to the treatment of supervised injection sites under the CSA. Parents are often concerned that their children will start (or are already) using drugs such as tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and others-including the misuse of prescription drugs. Research supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) shows the important role that parents play in preventing drug use in their children.Chapter 9 highlights parenting skills that are important in preventing the initiation and progression of drug use among youth.
Much research has been conducted to provide researchers and hearing healthcare professionals with updated information in regard to hearing assessments, results interpretation and case management. This ongoing research is particularly imperative to guide clinicians with optimized methods in assessing and managing pediatric patients with hearing impairment and disability. As such, tremendous research efforts have been made in determining the most optimum methods in assessing hearing using both subjective and objective tests. Since hearing loss can occur due to disrupted peripheral and/or central auditory pathway, there is also a growing interest to study children with auditory processing disorder (APD). Even though notable achievements have been observed in understanding APD, more research is required, particularly in establishing a gold standard APD test and its specific interventions. Aditionally, having an objective test such as speech-evoked auditory brainstem response is beneficial to understand how speech sounds are encoded within the brainstem region in hearing-impaired children, as well as in those with compromised neural function. In this book, we have gathered research from Malaysia and India in this field and hope it will be of interest to our readers.
Disability can be transient, partly or permanent and take many forms and shapes. Disability can be a mental or physical illness or a condition that affects a major life function over the long term. Disability is a term also used in the labor market and worker compensation field to describe any lasting impairment that remains after a worker has been treated and allowed time to recover. A permanent disability could be as severe as the loss of an eye or as moderate as a broken leg that healed leaving the inability to walk normally. In this book we have gathered research on various aspects of disability and rehabilitation from Spain, United States of America, Brazil, Singapore, Cyprus, Malaysia, Italy, Japan and Manipal, which we hope will be of interest to the reader.
Yogi Ramacharaka was the pseudonym of William Walker Atkinson. He published works related to the mental world, occultism, divination, psychic reality, and mankind''s nature. This volume contains 3 informative and compelling books on the practice of yoga.
The Underground Railroad by William Still, a conductor for the Underground Railroad, is a compilation of letters, interviews, and other primary sources of Underground Railroad conductors, abolitionist, and fugitive slaves. It is an archive of primary documents that trace the narrative of the greatest, most successful campaign of civil disobedience in American history. This 3 volume book is powerful and highly educational.
Due to the demands and challenges of modern society, the requirements for a high-quality integration of interdisciplinary interactions in educational settings are increasing. When we provide the circumstances under which it is possible to establish meaningful connections between different disciplines, we offer, among other things, the opportunity for long lasting knowledge, critical perception and the development of transferable competences. In the present book, authors explore the potential of interdisciplinary interactions, while music education represents the thread of all endeavours. With the variety of possibilities, interdisciplinary oriented music education can contribute to the enrichment of other disciplines, while improving the fulfilment of aims in music education itself. The idea of building bridges, which authors firmly endorse, is reflected in various forms of cooperation, namely at the level of university teachers of different disciplines, university teachers and school/kindergarten teachers and among school/kindergarten teachers themselves. Interactions with music education are expanding from movement, dance, visual art, poetry, foreign language, natural and social science, history, cross-curricular connections in music-school education, to special education. Furthermore, overviews of the literature regarding the basic concepts of interdisciplinary perspectives and effects of music on a child''s holistic well-being are provided. With theoretical frameworks, original research papers and practical implications, authors are attempting to evolve the field of interdisciplinarity in general and concurrently contribute to the development of the ways music education and included disciplines can thrive. The publication Interdisciplinary perspectives in music education can therefore benefit to educators of all educational stages from kindergartens, primary and high schools to universities.
The book is divided into fifteen chapters that cover various aspects of micro-organism-based biotechnology, including recent methodologies such as advanced molecular techniques, as well developments in classical microbiological techniques. The authors also explain how the latest and classical techniques are being used in modern-day microbial biotechnology. All chapters were written by experts from prominent universities, research laboratories, and institutes around the globe. Above all, they focus on recent advances in microbial technology that promote the welfare of living beings and the environment. Microbes in human welfare from different angles starting from source of antibiotics to fermented food to production of biofuel have been discussed with environmental relevance. Separate chapters discussing the use of microbes for remedy of environmental problems help the book to stand with the moto of sustainable development and protection of nature. Global problem in clinical microbiology is discussed with plausible novel remedial approaches. Further, it explains how and why microbes play an important role in preserving the welfare of living beings and the environment. Many bacteria play a significant part in cleaning our environment by detoxifying various xenobiotic compounds, while several microbes produce secondary metabolites that are useful to human beings.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness that can spread from person to person. The virus that causes COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus that was first identified during an investigation into an outbreak in Wuhan, China. Chapters 1-16 contain information about the science behind the virus, economic implications, global response and public safety. Chapters 17 and 18 access the readiness of the United States Public Health System in response to emerging infectious diseases, pandemics and biological attacks.
Dogs eat grass, and so do cats. Every pet owner must have noticed the grass-eating behaviour of their pets. Since wild dogs and cats eat grass too, most experts believe it to be an example of evolved traits of dogs and cats to relieve their upset gastro-intestines. Based on the observation, experts go on to suggest pet owners grow in their gardens medicinal herbs, other than botanicals that could be toxic to their pets. The herbal recipes, with doses, introduced in the book are intended for the most prevalent health problems of dogs and cats; the herbs that make up the recipes are: 1) available, as dietary supplements in the U.S., in the market by cGMP-certified manufacturers; and 2) in a dosage form of granules that is easy for pets to ingest. The book therefore not only meets experts'' recommendations but also fulfils veterinarians'' demand of an herbal pharmacopoeia for the widest conditions of their patients. Unlike other similar titles, the book is data-driven, quantitative, collective, comprehensive and practical: Although the herbs in the book have been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine, owing to the data-driven approach of the book, no prior knowledge of Chinese or western herbal medicines is required to comprehend the book. The second feature of the book is that every indicated health condition of an herb comes with a score. The higher the score, the more frequently herbal clinicians have prescribed the herb (or herb pair) for the diagnosed condition in humans and thus the more likely that the herb (herb pair) is effective in mitigating the condition. The book is therefore quantitative, in contrast to other books which are qualitative. The third feature of the book is that the mapping from herbs and herb pairs to health conditions results from the collective experiences and expertise of the five thousand herbal clinicians in Taiwan, rather than the experience or expertise of a single doctor as in most other books. Without the deep learning/artificial intelligence techniques employed by the author on millions of (human) health insurance data, the aforementioned features are impossible. The final unique feature of the book is that recipes for the 94 most common conditions in dogs and 81 most common conditions in cats are given in later parts of the book, serving as reinforcing examples after going through the first part. The book is therefore both comprehensive and practical for not only holistic but also conventional veterinary professionals.
The inevitable convergence of the Blockchain, AI and IoT (Veuger 2019) will be an impactful combination of security, interconnectivity and autonomy to revolutionize the way processes run. A combination of Blockchain, AI and IoT technologies that affect the potential of how businesses, industries and even economies operate will redefine them more than they do now. Some applications and concepts have already seen an overlap between these technologies with promising results. One example is the combination of AI and Blockchain to manage Unmanned Aerial/Air/Airborne Vehicle traffic, making mass autonomous flying safer. This application alone will redefine the business of aviation and logistics. The convergence of Blockchain, Ai and IoT can enable organizations to maximize the benefits of each of these technologies while minimizing the risks and constraints associated with them. Since IoT networks include a large number of connected devices, there are numerous vulnerabilities in the network that make the network vulnerable to hacker attacks, fraud, and theft. To prevent security problems, AI powered by machine learning can proactively defend against malware and hacker attacks. Network and data security can be further enhanced through a blockchain that can minimize illegal access to and alteration of data on the network. AI can also improve the functional capacity of the IoT network by making it more autonomous and smarter. For example, a proven convergence of Blockchain, AI and IoT is Fujitsu''s algorithm to measure employee heat stress levels. The algorithm continuously monitors workers'' physiological data (temperature, humidity, activity levels, pulse rate, etc.) using portable In Vitro Diagnostic Devices (IDA) and sensors to track the correlation between various factors and workers'' health. The analysis can help the organization to improve working conditions and prevent health problems of workers. Applying Blockchain to this system can help maintain more personalized data by ensuring privacy or help pay health insurance amounts through smart contracts. The expected impact of the convergence of Blockchain, AI and IoT is not (yet) foreseeable and existing applications are not (yet) perfect. Many organizations, and especially early adopters, are high opinionated about the value of cognitive technologies and therefore invest in them. Findings of applications are now (still) at an early stage and are not yet as advanced as is necessary to achieve real transformation, as well as that business models also determine this. The same can be said of the IoT and Blockchain. With increased interest, investment and innovation, the convergence of Blockchain, AI and IoT will become a reality.
This book first discusses how depression and anxiety occur more frequently in people living with HIV/AIDS than in the general population. Anxiety and depression increase the morbidity of HIV by causing poor adherence to treatment, increased risk for suicide, greater chance for recurrence and various other significant mechanisms. The authors present an analysis of sociological research showing the prevalence of stigma and discrimination against patients with HIV infection at the dental office. Fear of stigma is a key factor in reducing the willingness to disclose HIV status. The recommended treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infection with HIV coinfection is reviewed, focusing on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacology of drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral therapy and direct-acting antivirals. Insight on the long road towards the eradication of HIV/AIDS is discussed in an effort to achieve sustainable development goals and targets by 2030. Studies conducted in relation to biomedical, structural, behavioural and technological interventions are cited to substantiate this discussions. The closing chapter outlines updated recommendations guiding healthcare professionals to employ treatment as prevention. A discussion of the public health measures necessary to promote the success of treatment as prevention is also included.
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