Böcker utgivna av Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Reviews the current status of our knowledge of fluid transport across the intestine, including the complexities of transcellular and paracellular ion transport down the length of the intestine and how aberrations of normal physiological processes lead to disease.

Proprotein convertases (PCs) are a family of proteases including PC1, PC2, Furin, PC4, PACE4, PC5, and PC7. This title discusses a number of previous and recent findings on the PCs features, their implication in the regulation of multiple cellular functions that impact on the invasive/metastatic potential of cancer cells, and their clinical relevance in cancer patients.

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the most common leukodystrophy and the most frequent peroxisomal disorder, with an estimated incidence of 1:17,000. This complex neurodegenerative disorder is characterized by a huge clinical variability both in the age of onset and in symptoms.

Epilepsy affects approximately 3% of the population, and is usually defined as a tendency to experience recurrent seizures arising from periodic neuronal hyperexcitability of unknown causes. Different genetic factors, through various mechanisms, can cause this abnormal neuronal behaviour. The etiology of epilepsy is a major determinant of clinical course and prognosis.

Describes the unique anatomy and physiology of the vascular beds that serve the eye. The need for an unobstructed light path from the cornea to the retina and a relatively fixed corneal curvature and distance between refractive structures pose significant challenges for the vasculature to provide nutrients and remove metabolic waste.

Applying for and obtaining a patent is a process that can be unpredictable and intimidating, although it does not necessarily need to be. Novice and experienced inventors often have questions regarding patenting and the patenting process. This book answers many questions regarding the patenting process. It also describes the technologies typically patented in connection with regenerative medicine.

Discusses properties and interactions of membrane molecules that lead to nanodomain formation, new and emerging technologies by which nanodomains can be studied, and experimental examples that illustrate both highlights and current limitations of our present knowledge of the properties of membrane nanodomains in various cell types.

I had the good fortune to work at the National Cancer Institute from 1965 to 2005. The National Cancer Institute provided an environment that permitted my curiosity to flourish. The work described in this manuscript was performed during a period of rapid advances in genetics. I was able to apply my clinical training and new genetic tools to study human kidney cancer.

This book is intended to be a course about the creation and evolution of the universe at large, including the basic macroscopic building blocks (galaxies) and the overall large-scale structure.This text covers a broad range of topics for a graduate-level class in a physics department where students' available credit hours for astrophysics classes are limited. The sections cover galactic structure, external galaxies, galaxy clustering, active galaxies, general relativity and cosmology.

This book introduces the reader into the field of the physics of processes occurring in porous media. It targets Master and PhD students who need to gain fundamental understanding the impact of confinement on transport and phase change processes. The book gives brief overviews of topics like thermodynamics, capillarity and fluid mechanics in order to launch the reader smoothly into the realm of porous media. In-depth discussions are given of phase change phenomena in porous media, single phase flow, unsaturated flow and multiphase flow. In order to make the topics concrete the book contains numerous example calculations. Further, as much experimental data as possible is plugged in to give the reader the ability to quantify phenomena.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key regulator of various cellular signaling pathways throughout the body and plays an important role in renal function under normal physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The goal of this book is to highlight the actions of NO within the kidney and its effects on the regulation of renal blood flow and tubular transport.

This review draws attention to the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications of genomic and transcriptional profiling in heart failure and translational genomics research that is likely to permit greater personalization of prevention and treatment strategies to address the complexities of managing clinical heart failure.

Stem cells have great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue injury. Regulation of stem cell homeostasis in a 3D microenvironment is controlled by the niche components that influence stem cell fate, regulation, and function. It is therefore necessary to understand the mechanisms of cell-cell interaction, molecular cross talk between stem cells and their extracellular matrix environment.

Recent genome-wide association studies have identified various loci and genes that confer susceptibility to ischemic stroke or intracranial aneurysm. Such studies may provide insight into the function of implicated genes as well as into the role of genetic factors in the development of ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, or subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Addresses the evidence for endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) action on the developing brain. Topics covered include background about EDCs, evidence for exposures, concerns about EDC effects in the developing organism, and particularly on the developing nervous system, how EDCs perturb the brain's neuroendocrine systems, and transgenerational epigenetic effects of EDCs.

Continued advances in the precision manufacturing of new structures at the nanometer scale have provided unique opportunities for device physics. This book sets out to summarize those elements of classical mechanics most applicable for scientists and engineers studying device physics. Supplementary MATLAB(R) materials are available for all figures generated numerically.

Monte Carlo methods have been very prominent in computer simulation of various systems in physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science. This book focuses on the discussion and path-integral quantum Monte Carlo methods in many-body physics and provides a concise but complete introduction to the Metropolis algorithm and its applications in these two techniques.

Provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of our respiratory muscles, including their neural control. The book also includes an overview of the basic structure and function of both skeletal and smooth muscles.

In recent decades the standard laser beam has evolved into an array of more specialized light beams with a variety of strange and counterintuitive properties. This book is an introductory survey of these specialized light beams and their scientific applications, at a level suitable for undergraduates with a basic knowledge of optics and quantum mechanics.

In this book, the authors outline their practices by the working experiences on standardization and system design. This book assumes little previous knowledge of optics, but experience in engineering of industrial measurements, in particular profile metrology or areal surface topography will be very helpful to understand the theory.

Pathogens such as viruses and bacteria are among the greatest threats to human health worldwide. In today's era of population growth and international travel, new technologies are desperately needed to combat the spread of known and emerging pathogens.This book presents a new concept for pathogen inactivation called selective photonic disinfection (SEPHODIS). The SEPHODIS technology inactivates pathogens by mechanical means, a total paradigm shift from traditional chemical and physical methods. The unique strength of SEPHODIS resides in its capability to inactivate pathogens while preserving desirable materials such as human cells and proteins. The technology also avoids the need to use chemicals, drastically reducing the risk of side effects. These properties make SEPHODIS ideal for important biomedical applications such as safeguarding blood products and therapeutics against pathogens, as well as producing effective and safe vaccines to combat infectious disease.Written in a style that is both technically informative and easy to comprehend for the layman reader, this book illustrates the story of SEPHODIS from its initial discovery and bench studies to its real-world applications.

Demonstrates the concept of Fourier ptychography, a new imaging technique that bypasses the resolution limit of the employed optics. In particular, it transforms the general challenge of high-throughput, high-resolution imaging from one that is coupled to the physical limitations of the optics to one that is solvable through computation.

Quantum robotics is an emerging engineering and scientific research discipline that explores the application of quantum mechanics, quantum computing, quantum algorithms, and related fields to robotics. This work broadly surveys advances in our scientific understanding and engineering of quantum mechanisms and how these developments are expected to impact the technical capability for robots to sense, plan, learn, and act in a dynamic environment. It also discusses the new technological potential that quantum approaches may unlock for sensing and control, especially for exploring and manipulating quantum-scale environments. Finally, the work surveys the state of the art in current implementations, along with their benefits and limitations, and provides a roadmap for the future.