Böcker utgivna av LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Automobile Technology is a branch of vehicle engineering. It comprises elements of software, mechanical, electric, safety, and electronic engineering, which are used on planning, designing, manufacturing, and upgradation of vehicles like cars, motorcycles, scooters, and more. The branch is also responsible for the modification of these vehicles. This books describe the basics of vechicle performance, different Engine, Steering system, brakes, Suspension, Tires, Design basics of Two wheeler, Three wheeler and Four wheeler, Difference beween IC ENGINE VEHICLES AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE.

The Practical book is an attempt to give to students of practical Pharmaceutical organic chemistry the benefit of some 11 years of experience in the teaching of the subject. The new procedures and many specialized techniques are incorporated into this book. Furthermore, new experiments for the elementary student have emanated; have been tried out with large classes of undergraduate students over several sessions with gratifying success and have now been included in the present text-book.

The Meghraj range forest is situated amidst picturesque natural surroundings on the eastern border of Gujarat, in a beautiful valley shut in well-wooded hills through which river Vatrak flows. Present study was carried out to explore various ecological parameters of this forest range. This included plant diversity study using diversity indices, phytosociological studies of the vegetation, Soil analysis and leaf litter biomass analysis. Some of the suggestion measures for the biodiversity conservation and regulation of ecosystem has also been proposed on the basis of the study. This book will be helpful for the students and researchers who wants to work on forest area.

Mewat Development Agency (MDA) is an implementing agency of Mewat Development Board (MDB), constituted by Government of Haryana with a commitment to deliver social and economic justice to the backward and under-privileged sections of society. It is an executing agency of Mewat Development Board (MDB) at field level, formed simultaneously with the sole objective of ameliorating the condition of poverty, unemployment, economic and social backwardness of the Mewat region. It is a state channelizing agency in Haryana for making projects on various development activities for overall development of Mewat like women empowerment, community development, etc. MDA aims to raise the standard of living of the people of this area and to accelerate the pace of development in Mewat region for implementation of developmental schemes specifically designed to benefit this area. It is implementing various developmental activities with the financial assistance from Government of Haryana and Government of India for overall development of Mewat.

This textbook focuses on designing algorithms, proving their correctness, and analyzing their efficiency. In particular, the emphasis is on analyzing the cost associated with different algorithms, studying the essential mathematical tools for analyzing algorithm cost, and exploring design heuristics and how subtle choices can affect time complexity. Some time is spent carefully analyzing algorithms using sorted schemes, probabilistic and statistical schemes, and graph algorithms.

Machine Learning Classification of Epileptic Seizures Based on Electroencephalogram using Third-Ordered Cumulants and Adaptive Fractal Analysis Techniques1 IntroductionEpilepsy is one of the serious neurological diseases in the world. Indeed, early detection of epileptic seizures will extend the life span of epileptic patients. In this regard, a lot of efforts has been done to predict epileptic seizures based on electroencephalography (EEG) signals. In literature, there are many feature-based seizure classification methods quoted. No method is proved perfectly in capturing a standard set of features with the dynamics of signals. It is a common neurological disorder caused by the abnormally rapid release of brain nerve cells that is characterized by seizures. The scalp or intracranial Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals obtained in the clinic typically exhibit characteristics such as chaos, nonlinearity, etc.Deep neural networks have made significant advances in the field of machine learning during the last era. The model can learn effective representations from raw data in both supervised and unsupervised contexts by creating a hierarchical or "deep" structure.

The world we live in today is facing a multitude of environmental challenges. From climate change and pollution to deforestation and loss of biodiversity, these issues have far-reaching impacts on our planet and the well-being of its inhabitants.In this book, we explore the complex relationships between humans and the environment, and the ways in which we can work towards a more sustainable future. Drawing on the latest research in ecology, environmental science, and policy, we examine the causes and consequences of environmental degradation and the strategies that can be used to mitigate and adapt to these changes.Our goal in writing this book is to provide a comprehensive and accessible resource for students, scholars, policymakers, and anyone interested in understanding the key issues facing our planet today. We hope that this book will inspire readers to think critically about the environmental challenges we face and to take action to protect and preserve our natural world for future generations.We hope that this book will serve as a valuable tool for advancing our understanding of thecomplex relationship between humans and the environment, and for promoting a more sustainable

This book aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of information security, covering various aspects ranging from basic concepts to advanced strategies. It is designed to cater to a wide audience, including students, professionals, and anyone interested in learning about information security. The book is divided into several sections, each focusing on different aspects of information security, such as introduction to information security, risk management, security approaches, cyber law, cyber crime, intellectual property rights, network security, digital and electronic signatures, and offences and penalties. Each section covers key concepts, emerging trends, best practices, and real-world examples to help readers grasp the subject matter thoroughly.

This work describes the use of a continuous classification scale to determine the degree of influence of interest groups in organizations, based on characteristics proposed by relevant authors such as Freeman (1984), as well as the work of prominent researchers, such as Mitchel, Agle and Wood (1997), in addition to the classification proposals proposed by Donaldson and Preston (1995).A continuous classification scale owes its relevance to proposing a method for measuring the characteristics of a phenomenon or object of study without any imposition in terms of scales or predetermined numbers to generate some type of qualification or evaluation.In this sense, a continuous classification will make it easier for the person surveyed to express their opinion without the need to adapt their point of view or perception to a certain response trait, but will have as its main characteristic the freedom to express their position considering the issues that are present in a given data collection instrument.

The book contains the information regarding the influence of socioeconomic variables for the prevalence of hypertension, retinopathy and disability in obese-diabetic adults of Bangladesh. The risk of prevalence of hypertension was more in urban, non-Muslim, married elderly males. Primary level education, retirement, higher economy, smoking habit, habit of taking restaurant food, physical inactivity, involvement in sedentary activity, and longer duration of diabetes were the risk factors for hypertension. Muslim rural illiterate elderly adults were at higher risk of prevalence of disability. Retirement, high economy, smoking habit, habit of taking restaurant food, involvement in sedentary activity, high normal blood pressure and longer duration of diabetes were also the risk factors for prevalence of disability. Optimum blood pressure and longer duration of diabetes were the risk factors for prevalence of retinopathy. The responsible variables were identified when patients group were discriminated from other adults.

Guidance of eruption and development of the primary and permanent dentitions is an integral part of the pediatric dentistry. American Association of Orthodontics defined it as that phase of science and art of orthodontics employed to recognize and eliminate the potential irregularities and malposition's in the developing dentofacial complex. It is undertaken at a time when malocclusion is developing and space management forms an integral part of it.

This book gives a fair idea about Pre-Engineered Steel Buildings & standard practices in the Pre-Engineered Steel Building projects.This book can be used as a handbook for Project Execution Engineers for Pre-Engineered Steel Building projects. All efforts are made to keep all information updated & relevant as per industry practices. But as every project is unique the user is requested to review the applicability based on the specific site requirements.

Intellectual property system has become a very important component in the socio-economic development of every nation. The Island of Sao Tome and Principe has been dealing with intellectual property issues for the past few decades. Activities of intellectual Property are coordinated and managed by the IP office. The office also serve as the contact point between stakeholders of the intellectual Property system The Intellectual Property office, which is expected to serve as the liaison between and among regional and international organizations such the World Intellectual Property Organization and African Regional Intellectual Property Organization. Despite the many expectations and responsibilities expected of the IP office to facilitate the promotion of IP, much less has been done in the area. It is in this light that the researcher sets to assess the capacity of human resource at the IP office and related institutional problems. The main objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of human resource at the Intellectual Office in the administration of intellectual property duties. A descriptive approach will be employed to conduct the study.

One of the important problems of modern neurology is the study of dementia. The increase in the number of older people and the change in their age index has led to an increase in the number of older people with cognitive impairment and dementia. Studies show that the cause of memory loss in people over 65 is Alzheimer's disease (AD). Until now, complete information about the cause and course of Alzheimer's disease has not been provided. The accuracy of diagnosis is low in the early stages of the disease, especially in the pre-clinical stages.

"The Insect Chronicles: A Comprehensive Guide to Entomology" is a captivating exploration of the world of insects, offering readers an in-depth understanding of the lives and habits of Earth's most diverse and fascinating inhabitants. With over a million species identified and millions more yet to be discovered, insects play essential roles in the balance of ecosystems, agriculture, and human life. This comprehensive guide covers every aspect of entomology, from taxonomy and morphology to physiology and ecology, making it an indispensable resource for both budding and experienced entomologists alike.

This paper attempts to describe how the potential for conflict in the location of the prospective national capital city, including the efforts made by the local government components and stakeholders of the province of East Kalimantan in managing agrarian conflicts. In this study, researchers will analyze the potential for agrarian conflicts in the location of the prospective national capital city using the conflict mapping method. This research uses qualitative methods through library research and observation activities in February 2020.In this study it was found that the potential for agrarian conflicts in the prospective state capital was mainly caused by problems in collecting data on indigenous peoples' lands, coordination between institutions on forest and non-forest lands, the potential for increasing land mafias, and community concerns about the effects of development. Researchers found that to manage this potential, an integrated data collection on land administration and synchronization of land regulations is needed, the formulation of which involves the community, community organizations, academics, traditional institutions and business owners.

C++ is a general-purpose programming language that is widely used in software development. It is an extension of the C programming language and supports object-oriented programming (OOP) features. Some of the topics that might be covered in a C++ programming lab manual include:Basic syntax and data types in C++.Control statements like if-else, for loop, while loop, and switch case.Functions and function overloading.Arrays and pointers in C++.Object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism.File handling in C++.Exception handling in C++.

The use of photovoltaics with battery energy storage systems is popular because of the benefits it provides for household set-up as it helps with savings in electricity costs. In this dissertation, work is carried out for additional savings using energy storage systems and PV in residential set-ups and community-scale systems. The tariff which is taken is the time of use in which the rates varied between peak period and off-peak period. Hence, shifting the loading from the grid during the peak period to the off-peak period significantly reduces the electricity cost. The novel method which is the inclusion of time of use tariff with an algorithm that decides the power flow from the different components of the system like the grid, battery, and load is described in this dissertation. Additionally, the results of 1 household payback period of the initial outlay spent on PV-battery setup is compared with 10 households in community scale set-up which shows the significant savings and reduction in a payback period for the set-up. The work in this book is a complete review of the use of energy storage systems in distribution systems.

Reliability of power systems has been occupying an important measure of system performance and a key factor in system planning, design, and maintenance. The power regime can be divided into three major areas of operation namely, generation, transmission, and distribution. The main duty of distribution system is to deliver an uninterrupted electricity to consumers in changing conditions within accepted levels of cost and reliability. However, it has been found that more than 80% of failures occur in the distribution area. Recently, therefore, many utilities have been concentrating on evaluating and improving their distribution system reliability. This book titled ¿Reliability Analysis of Power Distribution System¿ is the first edition and written by Mohammed Wadi. It covers all the fundamentals of probability and statistics required to perform all the reliability analysis and modeling. Besides, it covers the most interruption causes in power distribution, reliability assessments of simple power systems, reliability assessments of complex power systems, reliability assessments of closed-ring power systems, historical reliability assessments.

Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) is the buzz word in the corporate world today. In a growing enterprise, the management not only wants to retain its entire working team but also desires that the members be suitably rewarded for their efforts. Thus, in addition to salaries, employees are offered ESOPs at a discounted price (generally lower than market price) for a specified period of time. Employee enthusiasm, contentment, and performance are influenced by the compensation practices (Kerr and Slocum, 1987). The compensation policy is in turn influenced by cultural aspects (Tosi, Henry L. and Greckhamer, Thomas, 2004). Culture has become an important thing in guiding different aspects of organizational behavior (Laurent, 1986). In this work the researcher is not focusing on cross-national disparities but focused on the cultural values within one society and their impact for compensation schemes. More specifically, it has been intended to scrutinize likely associations between preferred compensation policy ESOPs and cultural dimensions. The present study attempts to take a step forward in identifying and analyzing the impact of culture on employee stock options in Indian context.

This book covers the contents of my Ph.D work. The despeckling concept of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery and object recognition and classification of the SAR imagery dataset has been covered. The various available literature with their pros and cons and tried to overcome them with a new approach by utilizing some optimization methods has been explained. The SAR image despeckling process has been covered by introducing a new framework in which I have applied a fruit fly optimization algorithm to enhance the execution time and also improved the smoothness of the images without losing any image information. Different machine learning algorithms have been used to compare the classification result based on original SAR imagery and despeckled SAR imagery. Experimental results depict found the improved performance in terms of different parameters.

Adult orthodontics refers to the use of orthodontic treatments, such as braces or clear aligners, to correct misaligned teeth and jaws in adults. Orthodontic treatment in adulthood has become increasingly common in recent years as more adults seek to improve their smile, dental health, and overall well-being.Adult orthodontic treatment typically involves a comprehensive evaluation by an orthodontist, who will determine the best course of treatment based on the individual's specific needs and goals. Treatment options may include traditional braces, clear aligners, lingual braces (braces attached to the back of the teeth), or other specialized orthodontic appliances.One of the main benefits of adult orthodontic treatment is improved dental health, as straighter teeth are easier to clean and less prone to decay and gum disease. In addition, adult orthodontics can improve the appearance of the smile, boost self-confidence, and even alleviate jaw pain or other orthodontic-related discomfort.While adult orthodontic treatment may take longer than treatment in children or teens, advances in orthodontic technology and techniques have made treatment more comfortable, discreet, and effective.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disorder that destructs brain functions and results in severe cognitive and emotional disturbances. It is a common reason for mortality and morbidity of human beings globally. Recent researches indicated that the transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate and accommodate into the injured brain sites to contribute in the healing of the damaged brain tissue. The underlying mechanisms behind the action of MSCs are the anti- apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties of these cells beside their ability to release neurotrophic and angiogenic factors. On the other hand, the poor target engagement of TBI delivered therapeutics has extended the opportunities of nanoparticle (NP)-based approaches to improve site-specific drug delivery and bioavailability. The therapeutic strategies via NP delivery system showed promise in exhibiting neuroprotective effect, reducing neurovascular unit disruption and preventing the expansion of biochemical perturbations to the adjacent healthy brain. This book will mainly discuss the updates about the latest therapeutic modalities for TBI hoping to set evidence for treatment of this disorder.

The watershed events that have unfolded from the 2nd of November in 1917, when what was then the state of Palestine saw the first incursion of Zionists into its borders has remained an enigma, with several stages and layers of contestations and confrontations, over the years dubbed the Palestine-Israeli conflict, put correctly, Israel occupation and massacre of Palestine and Palestinians. The intricacies surrounding the occupation from a stand point of the American strategic national interest as a ¿so-called¿ actor in the mediation process, has maintained a central posture in the discus of this long-standing frozen occupation which has bred confrontations and subjugation that has raged on for decades and has continued to attract global attention. This book tries to underscore the situation from a standpoint of the position, interests and needs of the actors involved.

This book was designed for you primary school student. It was crafted to assist you in the teaching, learning and management of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Current trends have been incorporated to reflect developments taking place in technology where the computer is used both as a resource and an educational tool in colleges, universities and schools. The book is meant to broaden your knowledge on various aspects of the computer from the history, categories, hardware , software, data processing, computer networks, the Internet, database management systems, security issues. The theme focuses on enhancing the effectiveness in teaching and learning. The author of this ICT in Primary Schools would like to challenge and urge you students to consider doing the following so as to obtain maximum benefits from the book.¿ Reading and studying the book consistently and closely¿ Working collaboratively in groups regularly to discuss issues in the book .The book has seven units which covers most of the basic information about computers which you should know and apply in your school or organisation.

This book provides a review of the various advantages of Algorithmic communication over the static pictorial and mathematical messages, the ¿wow!¿ Signal from an artificial extraterrestrial source first discovered, Extraterrestrial lives in the Solar System, distances of known Stars/Constellation and required time by the Radio Signal, alternative approach for investigating extra solar planets through two selective ¿water holes¿, earth¿s transient luminous events etc.

Nanosatellite Engineering Professional Certificate: NEP is the world¿s first and only program of curriculum developed by engineering professionals from the KSF Space Foundation that is targeted at universities, startup companies, and all of the space industry worldwide to enlighten engineers, teachers, and students on construction and development of your very own Nanosatellite. The program will provide essential information on the process from mission development and design all the way to launch, policy regulations, and funding. Users will be able to start their mission and construction of a NanoSatellite from start to finish with the knowledge acquired from this program. Eleven chapters cover each important aspect of designing your nanosatellite that experts have composed for easier learning and applicable knowledge.

Forensic dentistry combines numerous facets of the dental, scientific, and legal professions to properly gather, handle, interpret, evaluate, and present dental evidence for criminal or civil legal procedures. The forensic odontology is a branch of dentistry that deals with the application of dental knowledge to those criminal and civil laws that are enforced by the investigative agencies in a criminal justice system. The forensic odontologists help in determining the age, sex, race and characteristic features in dentition of the culprit. Forensic odontologists work on human identity cases, bite mark injuries, orofacial injuries from trauma or assault, and child abuse injuries. They also evaluate a person's age in both live and deceased instances and take part in civil cases involving charges of fraud and malpractice. The most common use of forensic odontology is for the personal identification of the deceased due to a natural or man-made disaster. This book discusses about the various aspects of forensic odontology and its application includes mass disaster investigations, evaluating bite marks as evidence in death investigations and child abuse investigations.

Cyber security is a rapidly growing and increasingly important field that touches every aspect of our lives. This book is its ability to demystify the complex and ever-evolving field of cyber security. This book will provide to a reader a thorough understanding of the key concepts and issues involved in cyber security. It emphasis on the importance of collaboration in the field of cyber security and tackles the social, legal, and ethical implications of cyber security. It provide insightful analysis on the role of each of these groups and how they can work together to create a more secure digital environment.

This book is the result of several years of effort to learn the methods of predicting the toxicity and medicinal properties of substances and compounds, which the authors have obtained through participation in various training courses in person. After gaining the ability to teach these materials, they wrote the resulting book based on the knowledge gained through participating and holding courses. This book can be used as a research guide for a large number of fields of study such as: toxicology, different trends in chemistry and biology, health fields, pharmacy, research, molecular research, research bioinformatics, different nano trends and other fields be employed. In this book, an attempt has been made to explain all the theoretical concepts needed to implement a molecular docking project in a simple language. In addition, downloading and installing different software and using online servers were provided along with video training. It can be used for all students, professors and all those interested in new sciences in the field of biotechnology.