Böcker utgivna av Institute of Physics Publishing

This book introduces the techniques of neutron and x-ray reflectometry and presents the studies carried out to date, using the techniques to understand emerging phenomena at the interfaces of thin films.

This book explores different polynomials in numerical and analytical/semi-analytical methods for solving a variety of science and engineering problems, with contributions from leading experts in areas such as mathematical modelling, mathematical physics, engineering, artificial intelligence, and fuzzy and interval based models.

The topics of nuclear physics, particle physics and cosmology are closely connected. As the second volume of a two-volume set, this book covers particle physics and cosmology. Chapters exploring particle physics describe the standard model of particle physics and deal with the classification of the many sub- nuclear particles and forces of nature while introducing the various advances in the field.Relativistic quantum mechanics, quantum field theory and group theory are explored and the dynamics of the universe are described. Components of the universe are additionally discussed.This course text follows a simple style, with a lucid approach and step-by-step explanations. Every effort has been made to describe things clearly and care has been taken to provide illustrations wherever applicable. Written as a self-contained, self-help book Contains theory, problems and solutions (numeral type, MCQ type, critical type) Written in an accessible style Various applications pertaining to various fields of particle physics and cosmology are considered

As the first volume of a two-volume set, this book covers nuclear physics and can be treated as a complete course on the subject. The majority of topics in undergraduate and postgraduate courses on nuclear physics are covered, such as radioactivity, nuclear models, nuclear reaction, nuclear fission and fusion, deuteron problem and scattering.

This book presents ML concepts with a hands-on approach for physicists. The goal is to both educate and enable a larger part of the community with these skills. This will lead to wider applications of modern ML techniques in physics. Accessible to physical science students, the book assumes a familiarity with statistical physics but little in the way of specialised computer science background. All chapters start with a simple introduction to the basics and the foundations, followed by some examples and then proceeds to provide concrete examples with associated codes from a GitHub repository. Many of the code examples provided can be used as is or with suitable modification by the students for their own applications.Key Features: Practical Hands-on approach: enables the reader to use machine learningIncludes code and accompanying online resourcesPractical examples for modern research and uses case studiesWritten in a language accessible by physics studentsComplete one-semester course

In this book, the author reviews and demonstrates X-ray color imaging, which captures images of chemical elements in the X-ray wavelength range that can be used to create snapshot and movie images for tracking chemical reactions and dynamic systems, and how the technique can be applied to many scientific fields.

This book introduces neutron imaging with a focus on its applications in academic and industrial applied materials science to provide an inspiring overview of the potential of the method.

Women physicists have few peers or limited mentoring. Until now there has not been a book to give women advice on how to succeed in physics as a career and achieve a happy and balanced life. Including a broad range of issues that confidence building but will cover a broad range of topics both person, technical and social.

There is a critical need for engineers to move away from using conventional petroleum-based oils and lubricants in mechanical systems due to their environmental impact. As the first book dedicated to multifunctional bio-based lubricants, this reference text provides detailed coverage on all aspects of the field, including the need for these lubricants and their performance, the synthesis and design routes, and their valuable multifunctional properties. The environmental benefits and superior properties of these lubricants are covered. With sustainability as a key focus, the book raises awareness of the need to develop bio-based lubricants with a lower environmental footprint than traditional lubricants, covers methods for synthesising lubricants from waste plastics (an emerging technique) and discusses suitable techniques for their eventual disposal.Key FeaturesFirst research book dedicated to multifunctional bio-based lubricantsProvides detailed coverage on the performance, synthesis and design of these lubricantsCovers the environmental benefits and superior propertiesDiscusses the future market based on the potential applicationsCovers disposal techniques and methods for synthesising lubricants from waste plastics

An ideal reference for graduate students and researchers within electrical, electronics and computer engineering, this book provides a rigorous, theoretical and mathematical analysis for the design of pipelined ADCs, along with detailed practical aspects of implementing it in very large-scale integration (VLSI).

This book explores the latest breakthroughs in medical technology, focusing specifically on artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics. It reveals how these advancements are transforming the healthcare landscape and reshaping the future of medicine.The goal of this book is to provide a multidisciplinary perspective from experts in various medical subspecialties, examining the current and potential applications of medical AI and robotics. The authors guide readers through cutting-edge research and real-world examples, showcasing how AI is revolutionizing disease diagnosis, drug discovery, personalized treatment plans, and prevention. It also discusses emerging technologies such as wearables and highlights the emergence of medical robots that assist in complex surgeries and provide patient care.Key Features: Original content, not covered by any other books that we know of.Each chapter is to be written by experts in their respective fields.Top-quality illustrations and supplementary animations/videosThe book will have a broad reach and interest to a wide audience.Extensive references will be included at the end of each chapter to enhance further study

The healthcare applications of affective computing are gaining traction as biomedical signals are being increasingly used in system design and development. Affective computing and its applications in healthcare are presented in this book during a time of great advancement in machine learning and deep learning algorithms.

This second edition describes the various materials, devices, and technologies required to make electronics capable of operating in harsh conditions, such as exposure to extreme temperatures, humidity, or radiation. Implantable medical electronics, vibration-tolerant electronics, space electronics, electromagnetic interference prevention, and methods for hostile electronic jamming and hacking mitigation are also discussed.

This reference text provides a detailed guide to high-temperature electrolysis, including the fundamental and materials aspects of solid oxide and protonic ceramic electrolysis cells, considerations at stack and system levels, recent developments, and important combinations of high-temperature electrolysis with other processes.

This book is one of the first to approach sensing in smart textiles holistically from a materials science perspective and will be an important resource for students and researchers, providing a valuable perspective on the possibilities of fabric sensing.

This book explores the biggest gaps in our understanding of the universe. It describes how astronomers see and gather information and covers topics where knowledge is incomplete. Topics include dark matter, the Hubble constant/tension, deaths of massive stars, mysteries associated with black holes, neutron stars and binary/multiple systems.

This text covers the wealth of barocaloric materials science while presenting an array of advanced research methods, both standard and custom-built, lab-scale and large-scale, experimental, theoretical and modelling. Topics include barocaloric effects in polymers, magnetic materials, ferroelastic fluorides and oxyfluorides, spin crossover complexes, hybrid perovskites and plastic crystals. The book also includes atomic simulations of barocaloric effects, and an evaluation of the energy performances and the environmental impact of the barocaloric effect for refrigeration. This book brings together the most relevant knowledge generated so far, comprehensively and in detail, in order to serve as a basis for graduate students as well as experienced researchers interested in entering the field.Key FeaturesFirst book on barocaloric effects in the solid-stateProvides a detailed review of the performance of barocaloric materials and measurement methodsCovers materials, characterisation, methods and approachesAnalyses the fundamental physics underlying barocaloric effectsIncludes engineering considerations for barocaloric applications

This book describes the design, construction and commissioning of the cryogenic systems at the European Spallation Source, a new Big Science Facility. It also describes the experiences and lessons learned in building a complex cryogenic system in a brand new laboratory with significant in-kind contributions.

Risk analysis involves the quantification of risk and is essential to all areas of science and engineering. Analysing risk ensures that the hazards or detrimental impacts of research and other activities are identified, mitigated and managed.The interpretation and implementation of risk assessment has evolved independently within disciplines, which means that small errors in communication have in some cases led to large scale consequences. The aim of this reference text is to provide a common language and consistent approach to risk assessment across disciplines through the collation of detailed, real examples and scenarios.Examples are drawn from industries including defence, explosive manufacturing, mine action, nuclear, science education and engineering, and focus on key risk topics such as tolerability, data collection, hazard identification and hazard interpretation. The approaches communicate common challenges and are compared and contrasted, with a particular focus on the terminology used.The book is essential reading for scientists and engineers that undertake risk assessment, including industry practitioners, researchers in academia and those with a general interest in improving risk assessment processes. It is also a valuable reference for science and engineering students that regularly undertake risk assessments or study courses on risk assessment.Key Features: Proposes a common language and consistent approach to risk assessment across science and engineering disciplinesCreates a bridge between industrial and academic approaches to risk analysis and encourages cross-disciplinary collaborationCollates detailed practical examples of risk assessmentExplores the diverse undertaking of risk assessment in a wide range of disciplinesAnalyses the approaches taken, with a particular focus on the terminology used

From preparing funding applications and publishing scientific papers, to presenting at conferences and engaging with different publics, Effective Science Communication will help you to get the most out of your research. This second edition brings the text up to date and includes additional material, yet retains the combination of clear insight and practical advice that made the first edition essential.

The book describes the operating principles of CMOS images sensors, their architecture and performance, on-chip and external electronics, and characterisation techniques. Most of the book explores the pinned photodiode pixel, the experimental methods for image sensor characterisation, and presents many practical examples.

This book is a multidisciplinary introduction to quantum field theory. The first volume introduces wide ranging topics from topics including free (noninteracting) fields, field quantization, interacting fields, Feynman diagrams, scattering, cross sections and decay rates; renormalization; symmetry, symmetry breaking and Goldstone bosons.

This book examines our understanding of electrostatic phenomena on the different planetary surfaces in the solar system using knowledge gathered from instrumentation on space exploration missions.

This is the third volume in a set of books describing state-of-the-art theories and applications of magnetically confined fusion plasmas. This volume presents advanced kinetic theory, aiming to fill the gap between plasma physics textbooks and up-to-date research developments in this field. Due to the complexity of magnetic confinement geometry, kinetic theory for fusion plasmas is also inherently complex. This requires in-depth physical considerations and skilled mathematical treatments. Guiding center theory, drift kinetic theory, gyrokinetic theory, as well as kinetic variational principles are thoroughly reviewed. Applications of these theories to fusion plasma research are also described. This book will appeal to graduate students and researchers in plasma physics.Key Features: The first book to fully focus on advanced kinetic theory for magnetically confined fusion plasmasFills the gap between existing textbooks and cutting-edge research in plasma physicsSelf-contained, covering advanced theory with detailed mathematical treatments