Böcker utgivna av Institute of Physics Publishing

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characterisation, and advanced technological applications of novel nanocarbons, with a focus on graphane, graphyne, graphdiyne, graphene nanoribbon, onion like carbons and carbon nanotori.

The book covers the journey of hydrogen, from element to condensed matter with exotic physical properties and enormous technological promise as clean energy source and energy carrier. It is suitable for advanced undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral students of hydrogen science and technology, and renewable energies.

How electromagnetic radiation such as light is scattered or absorbed by media is used in many fields as it can provide information on the size, shape, number, and dynamics of particles or objects. It is key to fields as diverse as physical chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology, microbiology, astronomy, atmospheric sciences and radar. This is not purely an academic concern, most aerosol mass in the atmosphere, including entrained mineral dust, volcanic ash, and soot consists of particles with irregular shapes and the way they scatter and absorb light has implications for many climate models. One new approach considers the scattering in reciprocal or Q-space. Q-space analysis has been used extensively in the fields of small angle x-ray and neutron scattering but developments in scattering, in general, and light scattering in particular, are relatively recent. This book provides a thorough overview of how particles of any size or shape scatter and absorb light. Its conceptual basis is unique and founded on the fact that light is first and foremost a wave and then also an electromagnetic wave. Thus the wave phenomenon of diffraction underlies all scattering, and the electromagnetic character of light causes the scattering to evolve away, in a systematic manner, from the diffraction limit. The mathematics of diffraction is the Fourier transform which links real space to reciprocal space, which we call Q-space. The Fourier variable q is related to the scattering angle in experiments so that with our Q-space perspective, we plot scattering data versus q, rather than the angle. This modest change allows hitherto unseen patterns and functionalities in scattering that unifies scattering of all shapes.Key featuresAn accessible introduction to a coherent physical description of scatteringEmphasis on interpretation and applicationsWritten by a pioneering researcher in the subjectSelf-contained includes relevant background physics and mathsA fresh, novel way to view the scattering of light by particles

Over the past two decades, Python has become the de facto standard language of data science both in industry and astronomy (with the exception of simulations and other extreme scale computing problems). This course text is a full introduction to programming in Python with an explicit focus on astrophysical applications.

This reference text explores the functional aspects of different nanostructured materials and their corresponding engineering applications. It demonstrates how nanostructured materials, and their device applications are linked, providing a vital bridge between the research and realisation of the technology.

This second edition expands on the introduction to the concept of symmetries in electromagnetism and explicit symmetry breaking. It addresses some of the recent developments in the field of radiation from magneto-electric materials and ferroelectric materials and correlate them to the nature of symmetries in physical systems.

This book represents a summary of "Emerging Trends in Electrochemical Sensors based on Carbon composite materials & its Applications", and assessment of most significant biological and hazardous molecules.

This book introduces the techniques of neutron and x-ray reflectometry and presents the studies carried out to date, using the techniques to understand emerging phenomena at the interfaces of thin films.

This book explores different polynomials in numerical and analytical/semi-analytical methods for solving a variety of science and engineering problems, with contributions from leading experts in areas such as mathematical modelling, mathematical physics, engineering, artificial intelligence, and fuzzy and interval based models.

The topics of nuclear physics, particle physics and cosmology are closely connected. As the second volume of a two-volume set, this book covers particle physics and cosmology. Chapters exploring particle physics describe the standard model of particle physics and deal with the classification of the many sub- nuclear particles and forces of nature while introducing the various advances in the field.Relativistic quantum mechanics, quantum field theory and group theory are explored and the dynamics of the universe are described. Components of the universe are additionally discussed.This course text follows a simple style, with a lucid approach and step-by-step explanations. Every effort has been made to describe things clearly and care has been taken to provide illustrations wherever applicable. Written as a self-contained, self-help book Contains theory, problems and solutions (numeral type, MCQ type, critical type) Written in an accessible style Various applications pertaining to various fields of particle physics and cosmology are considered

As the first volume of a two-volume set, this book covers nuclear physics and can be treated as a complete course on the subject. The majority of topics in undergraduate and postgraduate courses on nuclear physics are covered, such as radioactivity, nuclear models, nuclear reaction, nuclear fission and fusion, deuteron problem and scattering.

This book presents ML concepts with a hands-on approach for physicists. The goal is to both educate and enable a larger part of the community with these skills. This will lead to wider applications of modern ML techniques in physics. Accessible to physical science students, the book assumes a familiarity with statistical physics but little in the way of specialised computer science background. All chapters start with a simple introduction to the basics and the foundations, followed by some examples and then proceeds to provide concrete examples with associated codes from a GitHub repository. Many of the code examples provided can be used as is or with suitable modification by the students for their own applications.Key Features: Practical Hands-on approach: enables the reader to use machine learningIncludes code and accompanying online resourcesPractical examples for modern research and uses case studiesWritten in a language accessible by physics studentsComplete one-semester course

In this book, the author reviews and demonstrates X-ray color imaging, which captures images of chemical elements in the X-ray wavelength range that can be used to create snapshot and movie images for tracking chemical reactions and dynamic systems, and how the technique can be applied to many scientific fields.

This book introduces neutron imaging with a focus on its applications in academic and industrial applied materials science to provide an inspiring overview of the potential of the method.

Women physicists have few peers or limited mentoring. Until now there has not been a book to give women advice on how to succeed in physics as a career and achieve a happy and balanced life. Including a broad range of issues that confidence building but will cover a broad range of topics both person, technical and social.

There is a critical need for engineers to move away from using conventional petroleum-based oils and lubricants in mechanical systems due to their environmental impact. As the first book dedicated to multifunctional bio-based lubricants, this reference text provides detailed coverage on all aspects of the field, including the need for these lubricants and their performance, the synthesis and design routes, and their valuable multifunctional properties. The environmental benefits and superior properties of these lubricants are covered. With sustainability as a key focus, the book raises awareness of the need to develop bio-based lubricants with a lower environmental footprint than traditional lubricants, covers methods for synthesising lubricants from waste plastics (an emerging technique) and discusses suitable techniques for their eventual disposal.Key FeaturesFirst research book dedicated to multifunctional bio-based lubricantsProvides detailed coverage on the performance, synthesis and design of these lubricantsCovers the environmental benefits and superior propertiesDiscusses the future market based on the potential applicationsCovers disposal techniques and methods for synthesising lubricants from waste plastics

An ideal reference for graduate students and researchers within electrical, electronics and computer engineering, this book provides a rigorous, theoretical and mathematical analysis for the design of pipelined ADCs, along with detailed practical aspects of implementing it in very large-scale integration (VLSI).

This book explores the latest breakthroughs in medical technology, focusing specifically on artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics. It reveals how these advancements are transforming the healthcare landscape and reshaping the future of medicine.The goal of this book is to provide a multidisciplinary perspective from experts in various medical subspecialties, examining the current and potential applications of medical AI and robotics. The authors guide readers through cutting-edge research and real-world examples, showcasing how AI is revolutionizing disease diagnosis, drug discovery, personalized treatment plans, and prevention. It also discusses emerging technologies such as wearables and highlights the emergence of medical robots that assist in complex surgeries and provide patient care.Key Features: Original content, not covered by any other books that we know of.Each chapter is to be written by experts in their respective fields.Top-quality illustrations and supplementary animations/videosThe book will have a broad reach and interest to a wide audience.Extensive references will be included at the end of each chapter to enhance further study

The healthcare applications of affective computing are gaining traction as biomedical signals are being increasingly used in system design and development. Affective computing and its applications in healthcare are presented in this book during a time of great advancement in machine learning and deep learning algorithms.

This second edition describes the various materials, devices, and technologies required to make electronics capable of operating in harsh conditions, such as exposure to extreme temperatures, humidity, or radiation. Implantable medical electronics, vibration-tolerant electronics, space electronics, electromagnetic interference prevention, and methods for hostile electronic jamming and hacking mitigation are also discussed.

This reference text provides a detailed guide to high-temperature electrolysis, including the fundamental and materials aspects of solid oxide and protonic ceramic electrolysis cells, considerations at stack and system levels, recent developments, and important combinations of high-temperature electrolysis with other processes.

This book is one of the first to approach sensing in smart textiles holistically from a materials science perspective and will be an important resource for students and researchers, providing a valuable perspective on the possibilities of fabric sensing.

This book explores the biggest gaps in our understanding of the universe. It describes how astronomers see and gather information and covers topics where knowledge is incomplete. Topics include dark matter, the Hubble constant/tension, deaths of massive stars, mysteries associated with black holes, neutron stars and binary/multiple systems.