Böcker utgivna av Institute of Physics Publishing

An introduction to the statistical thermodynamics of phase transitions in crystallized solids, polymers and liquid crystals. Written as an introductory treatise with respect to the soliton concept, the book examines structural transitions where the crystal symmetry changes, magnets and superconductors, and describes the role of nonlinear excitations in detail.

Semiconductorsform the basis for the nano-electronics industry that powers everyday life. This book covers the electronic bandstructure, the lattice dynamics and the transport properties ofsemiconductors, and is an essential guidefor first-year graduate level students.

This book reviews the fundamentals, background and theoretical concepts of optimization principles in a comprehensive manner along with their potential applications and implementation strategies. The book will be useful for a wide spectrum of target readers such as research scholars, academics and industry professionals.

A must-read for researchers, graduate students and industry professionals who work in the VLC field, this book investigates the suitability of VLC for vehicular communications from a fundamental wireless communication standpoint. Mathematically accurate channel models are developed, and advanced signal processing approaches to overcome challenges such as sunlight interference, shadowing and fast changing channels are described. Results are verified through simulation with realistic parameters.

Biophysical and Chemical Properties of Collagen: Biomedical Applications provides an introduction to the biophysics and chemistry of collagen and its use as a biomedical material in the rapidly changing fields of biomedical device production, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Written by experts in the field, this text will be of interest for researchers as well as lecturers and students.

In this book, leading editors and authors in the field review the fundamental properties and the current device technology. A one-stop handbook for researchers wanting to further utilise graphene nanoribbons and a valuable reference text for any interested materials and surface scientists, theoretical properties of graphene nanoribbons are introduced before concentrating on different fabrication methods and their properties out of different experimental characterizations.

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. This damage disrupts the ability of parts of the nervous system to communicate, resulting in a range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric problems. Written by experts in the field, this second volume includes illustrative figures and valuable references, and will be useful for researchers, students and practitioners in the industry.

Principles of Biophotonics, volume two describes detection and statistical representation of optical fields. Beginning by placing the visible spectrum in the context of the electromagnetic frequency range, this presentation stresses how thin of a sliver is normally called the optical spectrum. In addition to describing properties of light with technical accuracy, the most common radiometric quantities are introduced, and conversion to photon-based quantities is explicitly presented. For completeness, an analogy to the photometric quantities is also made, and the three fundamental mechanisms for generating light, blackbody radiation, fluorescence and laser emission, are covered. Each chapter contains a set of practice problems and additional references, and this book aims to build the foundation for further study in subsequent volumes.

The purpose of the book is to provide a comprehensive overview of all the numerical modelling considerations required to model the magnetization of bulk superconductors, with practical examples.

This book contains a summary of the latest experimental and theoretical results on matter at high pressure and temperature. Providing critical analysis of data and models ranging from matter in extreme states in the laboratory, relativistic heavy ion collisions, strongly coupled electromagnetic plasma, and extreme matter in astrophysics.

Nano drug-delivery systems responding to cellular local stimuli, such as pH, temperature and reductive agent's activation, i.e. enzymes, could effectively provide passive-mode desirable release but fail in disease treatment following the biological rhythms of brain tumor. This book is a compilation of research development lead by expert researchers and it establishes a single reference module. It addresses, for the first time, all translational aspects and clinical perspectives of physically stimulated breast-cancer nanotheranostics from a wide-ranging and multidisciplinary perception providing unrivalled and comprehensive knowledge in the field.

Soft Biological Shells in Bioengineering integrates existing experimental data to construct multiscale models of various organs of the human body: the stomach, gravid uterus, urinary bladder, the small intestine and the large intestine. These models are used as in silico platforms to study intricate physiological and pathophysiological processes, and to assess pharmacological modulations on their dynamics. This book will be of value to postgraduate students, researchers and medical doctors interested in computational systems biology.

The advent of charge-coupled devices and the subsequent implementation of ultrawide cameras for large imaging surveys has opened a new window for time-domain astronomy. In this book, our closest neighboring spiral galaxy - the Andromeda galaxy (M31) - is used as an example to walk readers through the ideas and techniques of time-domain analysis. This includes using image subtraction to obtain high quality time-series photometry, determining periods of variables using periodograms and classifying transients and variables based on the shapes of the light curves. It also highlights some science topics to showcase how we can use the time-domain data to shed light on the nature of the transient events and their progenitors.

Extragalactic Novae: A historical perspective takes the reader on a journey chronicling the study of a class of eruptive variable stars known as "Novae Stella", Latin for "New Stars". These mysterious transient objects, now referred to simply as novae, have been recognized since antiquity, suddenly appearing in the night sky before slowly fading back into obscurity. The book The book reviews observations of extragalactic novae beginning with a discussion of their role in the discovery that the spiral nebulae were galaxies similar to the Milky Way, up through their recent contributions to our understanding of close binary star formation across differing stellar populations.

Experimental Particle Physics is written for advanced undergraduate or beginning postgraduate students starting data analysis in experimental particle physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Assuming only a basic knowledge of quantum mechanics and special relativity, the text reviews the current state of affairs in particle physics, before comprehensively introducing all the ingredients that go into an analysis.

As one of the most prominent diseases in our society, Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD) requires dedicated analysis and investigation to reduce the increasing mortality rate worldwide. Scholars, biomedical engineers and medical practitioners will greatly benefit from the detailed information in this book which gives a better understanding of the causes, diagnosis and treatment of CVD.

Gamma-ray Burst Correlations presents an overview of the observational correlations; their physical interpretations, their use as redshift estimators, and their potential use as cosmological tools. The author describes the existing correlations as well as broaching the possible meaning and controversy behind the results of several GRB correlations.

Measurement of values are fundamental in science and technology. Masatoshi's book includes the importance of uncertainty, accuracy and precision of measurement and explains how laser technology has helped improve measurement and in redefining standards. SI units, standards and the importance of lasers for measurement in modern metrology are covered, including the redefinition of the SI units over time.

Commencing by defining a set of standards for benchmarkingthis book then proceeds to provide a review of the physics and workings of several optical and super optical biosensors, and introduces two more superoptical biosensors. Mathcad is used to analyse these virtual biosensors andthese codes and available to readers for use in their own research.

Lasers in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy: Basics, applications and future prospects provides an overview on medical lasers and laser systems as well as laser applications in medical diagnosis and therapy. Since it was written by physicists, it focusses on the physics and underlying mechanisms of laser diagnosis and therapy.

This book is essential reading for medical physicists in radiation protection, diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine, as well as radiographers and technologists, due to changes in global dosimetry requirements. Additionally, it presents guidelines for medical physicists and others using radiation.

This book concerns precise measurements and their inherent uncertainty,with an emphasis on time and frequency measurement. Improvements in theaccurate measurement of time and frequency play a pivotal role in thedevelopment of modern science and our questioning of the fundamentals ofour universe.

This book serves as an excellent stepping stone from introductory physics to graduate-level physics, it provides a level field for the various techniques used to solve problems in classical mechanics, it explains the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian methods more simply, and is a must for junior and senior physics undergraduates.

This book presents, in a concise and direct manner the appropriate mathematical formalism and fundamentals of differential topology and differential geometry together with their applications to many branches of physics.

Creating the Molecules of Life discusses origins, including the Big Bang, and the origin of the elements. With a complete presentation and explanation, this book provides evidence that the molecules of life are produced in outer space and how the SNAAP model purports to explain that origin. Extremophiles, which explains that evolution is robust enough to create life forms in a wide variety of conditions, is also presented. Readable for those at the upper undergraduate level, mathematics associated with coupling the nuclear spins to the molecular chirality is discussed. An accompanied appendix is provided to support mathematics.

Hubble Deep Field and the Distant Universe describes this watershed event in the history of astronomy. Aimed at an audience including amateur astronomers, science historians, researchers, Hubble Space Telescope aficionados and students interested in science, this book recounts the development of space astronomy, the progression of decisions and events that led to the distant universe exploration of Robert Williams and the Hubble Deep Field team, and it describes the momentous image that has enabled astronomers to piece together the evolution of the largest structures in the universe.

This revised second edition is improved linguistically with multiple increases of the number of figures and the inclusion of several novel chapters such as actin filaments during matrix invasion, microtubuli during migration and matrix invasion, nuclear deformability during migration and matrix invasion, and the active role of the tumor stroma in regulating cell invasion.

Ultrasound-mediated imaging in scattering media has deep roots in condensed matter physics. This book explores these roots and provides a comprehensive review of imaging with light and ultrasound, focusing mainly on recovery of mechanical contrasts. It is suitable reference material for graduate students and practitioners in the field.