Böcker utgivna av Institute of Physics Publishing

This book is a reference text for graduate researchers, climate scientists, academics and policy-makers. It describes the science, technology and policy behind the production and use of bioenergy for power generation and transportation.

Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is a vacuum deposition method used to produce high-quality, high-performance, solid materials. This is the first book to cover CVD growth processes at the atomic level using a combination of theoretical and experimental tools, including density functional theory (DFT) calculations. By demonstrating the methodology behind the modelling and simulation of CVD growth processes, the text provides guidance and practical advice on how to acquire successful theoretical results. Worked examples, case studies, end-of-chapter summaries and animations of atomic-level surface processes are included to aid learning. After reading this text, researchers and students will have the knowledge they need to tailor-make desired growth processes for the deposition of materials with specific properties.Key Features: Covers CVD growth processes at the atomic level using a combination of theoretical and experimental toolsProvides the knowledge required to tailor-make desired growth processes for the deposition of materials with specific materials propertiesCovers the main principles of CVD and the growth processes of the most common types of materialsEnables the reader to design new experimental setups, develop new materials with specific properties, interpret experimental results, and develop theoretical toolsIncludes worked examples, case studies, end-of-chapter summaries and animations of atomic-level surface processes

This book will be helpful for researchers, teachers, and students in the fields of Entomology, Plant Pathology, Plant Protection, Resistance Plant Breeding, and Plant Biotechnology as it provides excellent knowledge and comprehension of biotic stress.

This book provides a review of state-of-art technological developments in applied ultrasonics with a focus on recent advances in ultrasonic research, covering metrological applications, non-destructive evaluation, sensing, devices, and physics, as well as medical diagnosis and treatment. The first part of this book focuses on the physics of acoustic waves, and their propagation and addresses viscoelasticity, as well as metrological applications including laser ultrasonics. Part two reviews some recent developments of importance to industrial applications, whilst the final part introduces developments in biomedical applications.The book will be an essential resource and instructional guide to the field for a broad range of students, researchers, and engineers. The reader can readily understand the direction of research in the subject, appreciate the numerous possibilities of using ultrasound, and grasp the potential applications of the phenomenon and current challenges.Key Features: Encompasses fundamental physics and applications.Provides state-of-art technological coverage in applied ultrasonicsReviews recent research and applications in science, medicine and industrial settings.Provides an introductory overview for each chapter.Transfers key technologies, helping the reader to quickly acquire measurement skills.

Flexible devices are gradually emerging as an alternative viable low-cost user-friendly technology for wearable health care services in different fields. This book provides readers with a single platform to develop a system using flexible sensors integrating with interfacing/signal conditioning, data conversion and communication circuits.

A survival manual detailing computing research procedure including problem formulation, dataset sources, methodologies, systematic literature review, ethics, trending topics, academic databases and tips for journal publications, all from the perspective of computing.

This research and reference text explores the electrochemical performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). It provides invaluable coverage of the performance and trends of MFCs as well as a clear explanation of the recent advancements in MFC technology.

Dust in the Galactic Environment, Third Edition provides a thorough overview of the subject, covering general concepts, methods of investigation, important results and their significance, relevant literature, and some suggestions for promising avenues of future research.Major advances have been made in the last two decades in our understanding of astrophysical dust. These have been driven by discoveries arising from new observational facilities such as the Spitzer, Planck, and Herschel Space Telescopes, as well as important parallel developments in laboratory studies of cosmic and terrestrial analog materials. This new, expanded edition reviews these developments, summarizes the current state of the field, and considers possibilities for future advances, for example with the James Webb Space Telescope. It includes introductory material for new entrants to the field alongside detailed discussion for more advanced students and researchers.Key Features: Timely update to a standard text, including results from Spitzer, Planck and Herschel Space TelescopesHighly active and topical area of current research with broad relevance in astrophysics, astrochemistry, and planetary sciencesEmphasises cosmic dust as a source of planet-building materials and organic moleculesWritten by a renowned expert in the field

With chapters covering ferroelectric materials, ferrite ceramics with magneto-dielectric properties, mullite ceramics with controllable microstructure and anisotropic grain growth behaviours, this is a valuable reference book for advanced students, researchers and engineers in materials science and engineering, applied physics, solid-state lasers and solid-state physics.

This practical guide explores the application of modelling in biomedical engineering and healthcare. The book uses a careful selection of topics that showcase the role of computational modelling in biomedical engineering.

This book explores state-of-the-art techniques of fundus imaging for the diagnosis of retinal diseases. The text focusses on major trends and challenges within the field and presents work aimed to identify new techniques and their use in biomedical analysis.

This volume aims to familiarize the reader with basic concepts of light propagation in the simplest class of media: linear, homogenous, dispersionless, and isotropic. After a review of Maxwell's equations in both integral and differential forms, the book describes the field propagation from elementary sources (dipoles) and in free space, in 1D, 2D, and 3D. Next, the material covers diffraction of light by a 2D screen, with various levels of approximations, emphasizing the wavevector space calculations. The ABCD matrix propagation is introduced as an efficient tool for both ray optics and Gaussian beam propagation. The volume ends with a chapter on propagation of field correlations, generalizing the coherence concepts introduced in Volume 1.Key Features: A homogeneous, self-consistent reference that covers this interdisciplinary field.Books are intended to be used as reference for a two-semester course on Principles of Biophotonics.Aim is not only to provide a "how to" user guide for these techniques, but to clearly present the optics foundation that allows them to function.

This text aims to present at a theoretical level the main aspects of high-power lasers interacting with nuclei and is intended for scientists and students interested in this new and challenging area of research.

VLSI is a well-established field of research that ignited the modern computing revolution. Serving as a guide to future developments, this book provides the frame of design, modeling concepts, and application of Image Processing based systems using VLSI design techniques. This volume focuses on biomedical applications where image processing-based hardware design is used for applications such as cancer detection, ECG, EEG measurements, medical imaging-based healthcare systems, and smart homes for elderly and disabled people. The book will help the research community to get in-depth knowledge of various systems that can be designed with image processing techniques using hardware.Key Features: Describes concepts of state-of-the-art Image processing-based VLSI Design.Describes the Hardware implementation of image and video processing algorithms.Offers real-time hardware system design for smart cities.Develops dedicated hardware design for medical image processing applications.Explores VLSI design for Cognitive Science, Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality.

Quantitative phase Microscopy (QPM) has become an important imaging technique in biology for investigating cells and tissues. QPM is an optical interference or holographic microscopic technique in which an input light beam is divided into two beams and one passes through the object and the other acts as a reference beam.This book develops and describes the most advanced QPM techniques and computational imaging techniques using partially spatially coherent monochromatic light rather than highly coherent lasers. Using partially coherent light as a light source instead of a traditional laser has significantly improved QPM imaging results. Imaging techniques that will be discussed include speckle-free QPM both off-axis and common path interferometric configurations, structured illumination phase microscopy (SIPM), chip-based nanoscopy, machine learning, deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI) in phase microscopy and OCT and Multi-spectral and hyper-spectral phase microscopy. Coherent-noise free QPM techniques described in this book leads to an order of magnitude improved spatial phase sensitivity, space-bandwidth product, and high temporal phase stability. The technique was utilized for sperm cells, macrophages, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, cancer cells and RBCs for precise QPM. We have demonstrated that partially spatially coherent monochromatic light is most suitable source for high precision QPM. The text is highly useful for biologists, optical engineers, optical scientists, researchers working in QPM and OCT, and graduate and post graduate students.Key FeaturesPresents advances in quantitative phase microscopy and applications for quantitative information.Includes strategies for generating spatially partially coherent monochromatic light.Presents coherence-artifacts free off-axis and common path QPM configurations and various algorithms, such as, Fourier Transform and Phase Shifting fringe analysis techniques for phase reconstruction.Describes advances in QPM and optical coherence tomography (OCT), such as, Machine learning, Support Vector Method and Artificial intelligence architecture for phase analysis.Contains experimental results on the QPM systems with partially spatially coherent light with significant improvement in spatial-phase sensitivity and phase measurement accuracy compared to coherent laser light.Contains label-free quantitative analysis of various biological cells and tissues, such as, sperm cells, macrophages, liver sinusoidal cells, and cancerous cells.Contains futuristic speckle-free multi-spectral and hyperspectral QPM techniques.

The timely text provides a review of the properties of tissue and tissue equivalent materials, including an overview of properties and measurement methodologies, as well as incorporating simulants, relevant sensor systems and data sets.