Böcker utgivna av Elsevier Science & Technology

Explainable Deep Learning AI: Methods and Challenges presents the latest works of leading researchers in the XAI area, offering an overview of the XAI area, along with several novel technical methods and applications that address explainability challenges for deep learning AI systems. The book overviews XAI and then covers a number of specific technical works and approaches for deep learning, ranging from general XAI methods to specific XAI applications, and finally, with user-oriented evaluation approaches. It also explores the main categories of explainable AI - deep learning, which become the necessary condition in various applications of artificial intelligence. The groups of methods such as back-propagation and perturbation-based methods are explained, and the application to various kinds of data classification are presented.

Vegetation Dynamics and Crop Stress: An Earth-Observation Perspective focuses on vegetation dynamics and crop stress at both the regional and country levels by using earth observation (EO) data sets. The book uniquely provides a better understanding of natural vegetation and crop failure through geo-spatial technologies. This book covers biophysical control of vegetation, deforestation, desertification, drought, and crop-water efficiency, as well as the application of satellite-derived measures from optical, thermal, and microwave domains for monitoring and modeling crop condition, agricultural drought, and crop health in contrasting monsoon/weather episodes.

IoT-Enabled Multi-Energy Systems: From Isolated Energy Grids to Modern Interconnected Networks proposes practical solutions for the management and control of energy interactions throughout the interconnected energy infrastructures of the future multi-energy grid. The book discusses a panorama of modeling, planning and optimization considerations for IoT technologies, their applications across grid modernization, and the coordinated operation of multi-vector energy grids. The work is suitable for energy, power, mechanical, chemical, process and environmental engineers, and highly relevant for researchers and postgraduate students who work on energy systems. Sections address core theoretical underpinnings, significant challenges and opportunities, how to support IoT-based developed expert systems, and how AI can empower IoT technologies to sustainably develop fully renewable modern multi-carrier energy networks. Contributors address artificial intelligence technology and its applications in developing IoT-based technologies, cloud-based intelligent energy management schemes, data science and multi-energy big data analysis, machine learning and deep learning techniques in multi-energy systems, and much more.

The Boolean functions may be iterated either asynchronously, when their coordinates are computed independently of each other, or synchronously, when their coordinates are computed at the same time. In Boolean Systems: Topics in Asynchronicity, a book addressed to mathematicians and computer scientists interested in Boolean systems and their use in modelling, author Serban E. Vlad presents a consistent and original mathematical theory of the discrete-time Boolean asynchronous systems. The purpose of the book is to set forth the concepts of such a theory, resulting from the synchronous Boolean system theory and mostly from the synchronous real system theory, by analogy, and to indicate the way in which known synchronous deterministic concepts generate new asynchronous nondeterministic concepts. The reader will be introduced to the dependence on the initial conditions, periodicity, path-connectedness, topological transitivity, and chaos. A property of major importance is invariance, which is present in five versions. In relation to it, the reader will study the maximal invariant subsets, the minimal invariant supersets, the minimal invariant subsets, connectedness, separation, the basins of attraction, and attractors. The stability of the systems and their time-reversal symmetry end the topics that refer to the systems without input. The rest of the book is concerned with input systems. The most consistent chapters of this part of the book refer to the fundamental operating mode and to the combinational systems (systems without feedback). The chapter Wires, Gates, and Flip-Flops presents a variety of applications. The first appendix addresses the issue of continuous time, and the second one sketches the important theory of Daizhan Cheng, which is put in relation to asynchronicity. The third appendix is a bridge between asynchronicity and the symbolic dynamics of Douglas Lind and Brian Marcus.

Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery and Pharmaceutical Sciences presents various drug-delivery techniques that utilize nanotechnology for the biomedical domain, highlighting both therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The book provides important facts and detailed studies on different promising nanocarriers like liposomes, exosomes and virus-based nanocarriers. Moreover, it explores these nanocarriers' utilization in the therapeutic applications of various diseases such as cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders like Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, the book describes how nanotechnology has efficiently overtaken conventional dosage forms and provided comfort and ease to patients. Relevant information regarding market trends, patents and social-economic factors are also provided, making this the perfect reference for doctors, researchers and scientists working in the fields of medicine, biochemistry, biotechnology, nanobiotechnology and the pharmaceutical sciences.

Medical Device Regulation provides the current FDA-CDRH thinking on the regulation of medical devices. This book offers information on how devices meet criteria for being a medical device, which agencies regulate medical devices, how policies regarding regulation affect the market, rules regarding marketing, and laws and standards that govern testing. This practical, well-structured reference tool helps medical device manufacturers both in and out of the United States with premarket application and meeting complex FDA regulatory requirements. The book delivers a comprehensive overview of the field from an author with expertise in regulatory affairs and commercialization of medical devices.

Mathematical Modeling, Simulations, and Artificial Intelligence for Emergent Pandemic Diseases: Lessons Learned from COVID-19 includes new research, models and simulations developed during the COVID-19 pandemic into how mathematical methods and practice can impact future response. Chapters go beyond forecasting COVID-19, bringing different scale angles and mathematical techniques (e.g., ordinary differential and difference equations, agent-based models, artificial intelligence, and complex networks) which could have potential use in modeling other emergent pandemic diseases. A major part of the book focuses on preparing the scientific community for the next pandemic, particularly the application of mathematical modeling in ecology, economics and epidemiology. Readers will benefit from learning how to apply advanced mathematical modeling to a variety of topics of practical interest, including optimal allocations of masks and vaccines but also more theoretical problems such as the evolution of viral variants.

"Green Energy Systems: Design, Modelling, Synthesis and Applications provides a comprehensive introduction to the design, modeling, optimization and application of predictable and alternative energy systems. With a strong focus on the fundamentals, the book provides an overview of the energy potential and conversion topology of green energy sources, the design and analysis of off grid solar and wind energy sources, and their application in effective energy management in rural communities. Sections address energy systems from solar, wind, biomass, and hybrid energy sources, and include discussions of power electronic circuit topologies for energy conversion in both off and on grid systems. The second part of the book addresses energy harvesting at different scales, with a particular emphasis on micro energy harvesting for low power electronics like wearable devices. A wide range of applications are also discussed, alongside their challenges and solutions. Finally, case studies are presented on select topics to give readers deeper insights into the real-world applications discussed. Introduces the fundamental principles underlying green energy systems, their characterization, analysis, modelling, and evaluation. Includes a wide range of applications of new functional materials for next-generation devices. Provides supporting data and calculations alongside real-world case studies"--

Plant Hormones in Crop Improvement examines the signaling pathways and mechanisms associated with phytohormones, with particular focus on stress resilience. The growing population of world and unpredictable climate puts pressure on the agriculture production. Current constraints such as increasing temperatures, drought, salinity, cold, nutrient deficiency, along with biotic interactions trigger exquisitely tuned responsive mechanisms in plants. The main coordinators of all stress-related mechanisms are phytohormones, which can be transported over long distances and play a significant role in controlling physiological, agronomic and growth traits, metabolites and sustained crop productivity. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms influencing the stress responses mediated by phytohormones is crucial to ensure the continuity of agricultural production and food security.¿ This book aims to address sustainable agricultural approaches to improve biotic and abiotic stress resilience in crop plants, covering different topics from perception and signaling plant hormones to physiological and molecular changes under different cues. Plant Hormones in Crop Improvement is an essential read for students, researchers and agriculturalists interested in plant physiology, plant genetics and crop yield improvement.

Nuclear Decommissioning Case Studies: Organization and Management, Economics, and Staying in Business is the fifth volume in Michele Laraia's series, which presents a selection of global case studies on different aspects of nuclear decommissioning. This volume focuses on organization, economics and performance experience, offering the reader guidance on project management, staffing, costs and funding, and training. It guides those responsible for the planning and implementation of nuclear decommissioning to ensure thorough and reliable applications. Decommissioning experts, including regulators, operating organizations, waste managers, researchers, and academics will find this book to be suitable supplementary material to reference works on the theory and applications of nuclear decommissioning. Readers will obtain an understanding of many key case studies, including what happened and what they can learn from the events quoted, to help supplement, solidify, and strengthen their understanding of the topic.

Overcurrent Relay Advances for Modern Electricity Networks explores how to optimize protection and improve system stability and resilience by implementing advanced overcurrent relays in highly dynamic renewable heavy power systems. This guide provides a foundation in relay functions and behaviors in current modern networks, particularly regarding renewable power sources and new electrical network structures such as microgrids. The work discusses the design and creation of protection schemes in smart grids and analyzes their impact on performance and security in protection systems. This practical book also presents a critical new coordination method for online applications.

Power System Protection in Future Smart Grids: Achieving Reliable Operation with Renewable Energy, Electric Vehicles and Distributed Generation demonstrates how to protect smart, highly renewable, and highly distributed power systems with state-of-the-art methods rooted in adaptive protection and dynamic response, and based on continuous communication. Focusing on the implementation of novel protection schemes, each chapter presents solutions accompanied by figurative elements and demonstrator codes in MATLAB, C, Python and Java. Chapters address active distribution networks, hybrid microgrids, EVs and inverters on fault levels, adaptive protection systems, dynamic protection strategies, and Hardware in the Loop (HiL) approaches.

Imaging Neuroinflammation provides an overview of the molecular and cellular basis of inflammation and its effects on neuroanatomy, reviews state-of-the-art imaging tools available to measure neuroinflammation, and describes the application of those tools to both preclinical animal disease models and human disease.This book is an authoritative reference on imaging neuroinflammation, MRI, neuroinflammation, MR Spectroscopy of inflammation, Iron imaging in inflammation, and more.

State Space Systems with Time-Delays Analysis, Identification and Applications covers the modeling, identification and control of industrial applications, including system identification, parameter estimation, dynamic simulation, nonlinear control, and other emerging techniques. The book introduces basic time-delay systems, architectures and control methods. Emphasis is placed on the mathematical analysis of these systems, identifying them, and applying them to practical engineering problems such as three independent water tank systems and distillation systems. This book contains a wide range of time-delay system identification methods that can help readers master the system controllers' design methods.

Biosurfactants: Research and Development provides a thorough overview of biosurfactant research and development across a range of settings and industries, highlighting the novel use of enzymes, metabolic and genetic engineering in biosurfactant production and showcasing diverse experimental models and approaches. Sections discuss fundamental characteristics of biosurfactants, their physio-chemical properties, and their differences from chemically synthesize surfactants, different research approaches for the study of known biosurfactants, and the genetic manipulation of microorganisms to increase biosurfactant productivity, or to produce molecules with improved characteristics. Throughout the book, methods and approaches are discussed in easy-to-digest formats, with methods discussed, ranging from in silico approaches to classical biocatalysis omics analysis and metabolic engineering.

Polymer-Drug Conjugates: Linker Chemistry, Protocols and Applications discusses important concepts, fundamentals and prospective applications of 'Linker Chemistry' in a clear-and-concise manner. The book provides vital information on chemical entities binding with the drug-polymer complex for targeted drug delivery systems. It highlights roles and significance, different classes and synthetic protocols as well as mechanisms of chemical bond formation in drug-polymer conjugation in drug delivery, also offering insights into the mechanism of polymer interaction with linker and drug molecules by biodegradable chemical bonding. The protocol of binding with drug molecules is clearly explained and justified with case studies, helping researchers and advanced students in the pharmaceutical sciences understand fundamentals involved and related aspects in molecule designing for effective therapeutic benefits.

Ticks: Biology, Ecology and Diseases provides a detailed overview of the fascinating world of tick biology and ecology. This book discusses disease transmission to humans and livestock, assesses the impact of human behavior and climate change on tick biology, and details how this will affect future disease transmission. Written by an expert on ticks and their transmitted diseases, this book explores the unique biology of ticks and how it influences the transmission of some of the most devastating diseases. In a series of detailed chapters, the book provides up-to-date information on the interrelationship between ticks and the vertebrates they feed on. In addition, the book covers information on recent scientific discoveries surrounding ticks, along with reviews on control methods and disease transmission. Other sections cover the recent emergence of tick-borne pathogens, making this book an ideal source for interested scientists, clinicians, veterinarians and experts in the field of tick biology.

Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies: From Lot Release to Stability Testing is a highly topical resource on a subject of interest for scientists and researchers working on monoclonal antibodies' characterization, release testing, stability testing and similarity assessments of monoclonal antibodies in the biopharmaceutical industry. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are large, extremely complex and dynamic biomolecules, so it can be challenging to develop well-characterized therapeutic antibodies that meet regulatory expectations that are also in-line with commercialized standards for different drug markets. Lot release testing and understanding the stability of the mAb over a period of time, and in different environmental conditions, is an indispensable aspect of mAb physicochemical characterization. This book covers the process, including extensive analysis that starts with quantifying the purity attribute to glycan profiling and identifying the mAb primary structure. The book has a primary purpose of focusing on both Lot release testing and stability testing of monoclonal antibodies (subjects not covered in any great detail in other books).

With the rapidly growing demand for mental health care there is a need for efficient and effective psychological treatment options. Low Intensity Psychological Therapy has become well established in the England Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme as a beneficial and versatile treatment option for mild-moderate symptoms of depression and anxiety. A Pragmatic Guide to Low Intensity Psychological Therapy: Care in High Volume, provides a guide to Low Intensity Psychological Therapy from the perspective of the Low Intensity Practitioner. This book describes the Low Intensity role as part of a multi-disciplinary approach to psychological care. The authors use a series of case vignettes, personal experience and current literature to help navigate the context of the role and its potential for ethical and safe expansion.

Petroleum engineers search through endless sources to understand oil and gas chemicals, identify root cause of the problems, and discover solutions while operations are becoming more unconventional and driving toward more sustainable practice. Oil and Gas Chemistry Management Series brings an all-inclusive suite of tools to cover all the sectors of oil and gas chemistry-related issues and chemical solutions from drilling and completion, to production, surface processing, and storage. The fourth reference in the series, Surface Process, Transportation, and Storage delivers the critical basics while also covering latest research developments and practical solutions. Organized by the type of challenges, this volume facilitates engineers to fully understand underlying theories, practical solutions, and keys for successful applications. Basics include produced fluids treating, foam control, pipeline drag reduction, and crude oil and natural gas storage, while more advanced topics cover CO2 recovery, shipment, storage, and utilization. Supported by a list of contributing experts from both academia and industry, this volume brings a necessary reference to bridge petroleum chemistry operations from theory into more cost-effective and sustainable practical applications.

Tight Oil Reservoirs: Characterization, Modeling, and Field Development, the latest release in the Unconventional Reservoir Engineering Series, delivers a full spectrum of reservoir engineering guidelines so that the engineer can focus on every stage of development specific to tight oil. Covering characterization, micro- and nano-scale modeling, drilling horizontally, completing hydraulic fracturing, and field development, each section includes case studies, practice exercises, and future references for even deeper understanding. Rounding out with coverage on field economics and remaining challenges, this book puts control in the engineer's hands.In this ongoing series, each release will discuss the latest resources, explain their importance in the market, show the benefits of the resource through the latest research, provide details and protocols on how to evaluate and develop the resource, and give case studies and practice questions to gain practicality.

Nematode Diseases of Crops and their Sustainable Management focuses on methods to recognize and identify nematode attackers in agriculturally important crops, offering ecologically sustainable and economically viable strategies and measures for the management of nematode infestations and diseases. The book analyzes nematode pests as major constraints in global crop production and explores the limitations of existing nematode management technologies. It offers comprehensive information through individually focused chapters on major nematode problems in internationally important food, fiber and beverage crops as well as in mushrooms, polyhouse agriculture and forest flora with regard to distribution, and much more.In view of the highly damaging nature of the disease complexes and complexity in their management, independent chapters on nematode-fungus and nematode-bacteria disease complexes and their management are also presented.