How are the resurrection appearances of Luke's Gospel shaped to offer a climax to the narrative? How does this narrative conclusion compare to the wider ancient literary milieu? Recognition and the Resurrection Appearances of Luke 24 proposes that the ancient literary technique of recognition offers a compelling lens through which to understand the climatic role of the resurrection appearances of Jesus as depicted in Luke 24. After presenting the development of recognition in ancient Jewish and Greco-Roman literature, Thompson demonstrates how Luke 24 deploys the recognition tradition to shape the form and function of the resurrection appearances. The ancient recognition tradition not only casts light on various literary and theological features of the chapter but also shapes the way the appearances function in the wider narrative. By utilizing recognition, Luke 24 generates cognitive, affective, commissive, and hermeneutical functions for the characters internal to the narrative and for the audience. The result is a compelling climax to Luke's Gospel that resonates with Luke's wider literary and theological themes. This work offers a compelling analysis of the Luke's Gospel in the ancient literary context in light of the ancient technique of recognition that will appeal to those interested in narrative approaches to the New Testament or the interpretation of the New Testament in the wider literary milieu.
There is a long-standing debate over the relation of historical linguistics and classical philology, especially within the purview of the renewed interest in it during the last decades and the recent trends that characterize philological and linguistic studies. Ever since its appearance in the nineteenth century, the history of this debate testifies to a turbulent coexistence and fertile collaboration of the two disciplines, but at times also moving along centrifugal paths. The essays in this volume address this debate and cover various aspects of linguistic and philological research of Greek and Latin, moving in the middle ground where language, linguistics and philology crosscut and cross-fertilize each other highlighting the application of linguistic theory to the study of classical texts and drawing on fields such as syntactic theory and pragmatics, historical semantics and the lexicon, reconstruction and etymology, dialectology, editorial practices, the use of corpora, and other interdisciplinary approaches that function as hinges between philology and linguistics.
This volume considers the Prabodhacandrodaya Nāṭaka (c. 1760 CE), an allegorical drama composed by Brajvāsīdās in Brajbhāṣā. It contributes to the study of vernacular nāṭakas with its first complete English translation. Moreover, the critical analysis shows that the foundational Sanskrit texts for Vedānta and those for Bhakti play a part in the Prabodhacandrodaya Nāṭaka's philosophical and religious edifice. At the same time, the investigation demonstrates that Brajvāsīdās expresses several philosophical ideas by adaptively reusing the Rāmcaritmānas by Tulsīdās (c. 1574 CE). Brajvāsīdās composes a dohā by combining one line of his invention with a line from the Mānas. This method is employed throughout all the personified metaphysical concepts. That Brajvāsī not only read Bhakti but also Vedānta through the Rāmcaritmānas highlights the philosophical and literary creativity in 18th c. North India. It points to the necessity to rethink the sources of Vedānta philosophies, by including works non-conventional for language and genre, because not in Sanskrit and not śāstras. Such sources may not be original in their contribution per se but are essential to understand how early modern philosophy was done, conceived and transmitted.
In den letzten Jahren ist die Konstruktionsgrammatik zu einem zentralen Forschungsparadigma geworden. Sie hat das Ziel, eine allgemeine Theorie der Verarbeitung und Repräsentation sprachlichen Wissens zu entwerfen, die auch (vermeintliche) Randphänomene einer Sprache einbezieht. Ausgangspunkt bildet die Auffassung der Irreduzibilität von (grammatischen) Konstruktionen als Einheiten von Form und Bedeutung. Konstruktionen, ihre Beziehungen zueinander, ihr Entstehen und Verblassen im Sprachgebrauch sowie ihre Relevanz und kognitive Realität für Sprecher und Sprecherinnen sind Gegenstand der konstruktionsgrammatischen Forschung. Der Band ist als Einführung in gebrauchsbasierte Ansätze der Konstruktionsgrammatik konzipiert. Er stellt zentrale Konzepte und Grundlagen sowie "Schulbildungen" und den aktuellen Forschungsstand in der germanistischen Linguistik vor. Daneben macht der Band Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung. Um die Tragfähigkeit des konstruktionsgrammatischen Beschreibungsmodells aufzuzeigen, werden anhand exemplarischer Analysen verschiedene Anwendungsbereiche diskutiert.
The study analyzes differentiated concepts of truth in Dutch prints of the 16th and 17th centuries. Against the backdrop of religious and political crises of the time, it elaborates on how copperplate engravings and etchings not only represent veritas but, by problematizing their own medial status, reflect on visual forms of evidence generation and art's specific capacity for truth.
While the contemporary era has witnessed a series of spectacular failures with severe and widespread global consequences, failure is still broadly understood on an individual level, while its broader causes and consequences receive little attention. This book reconceptualises failure as a method for characterising and critiquing systems and institutions on both a global and a local level. It defines global failure as comprising global inequality, economic crisis, and ecological disaster, and as a condition which informs and is informed by localised failure. It examines the negotiation between global and local failure in narratives of failed quests by four contemporary authors: Cormac McCarthy, Julia Kristeva, Michael Ondaatje, and Basma Abdel Aziz. As a genre, the quest narrative is associated with the idea of hard-won success. The failed quest narrative, or the narrative of the failed quest, is therefore the ideal vehicle through which to examine the socio-political and institutional conditions of failure. Primarily a contribution to the field of world literature, this book is also relevant to those with an interest in the contemporary novel, failure studies, and the quest narrative.
For my Blemishless Lord presents the text and translation of the exquisite poem Amalaṉ Āti Pirāṉ by Tiruppāṇ Āḻvār, which is part of the Śrīvaiṣṇava canon, the Nālāyira Divya Prabandham (6th - 9th centuries CE), together with the three Śrīvaiṣṇava commentaries in Tamil-Sanskrit Manipravalam (13th - 14th centuries) by key figures in the medieval religious history of South Asia, namely, Periyavāccāṉ Piḷḷai, Aḻakiya Maṇavāḷa Perumāḷ Nāyaṉār, and Vedānta Deśikaṉ. Offering the first fully annotated, complete translation of these exegetical writings, this volume analyses the language, commentary techniques, and theological positions of the commentators. Looking also at cultural, religious, and other allusions made by them, it places them in their literary, social, and religious backgrounds during a period of budding dissent within the Śrīvaiṣṇava community, to which they contributed at least in part. This rich resource is made available in English for the first time for students of Tamil and Manipravala, theology, religious history, and philology.
This book will help chemists and non-chemists alike understand the fundamentals of surface chemistry and precursor design, and how these precursors drive the processes of atomic layer deposition, and how the surface-precursor interaction governs atomic layer deposition processes. The underlying principles in atomic layer deposition rely on the chemistry of a precursor with a surface.
Der Jalkut Schimoni ist ein Sammelwerk rabbinischer Auslegungen zur gesamten hebräischen Bibel. Unerforscht ist, nach welchen Kriterien die Auslegungen ausgewählt wurden und ob das Werk als umfassendes Nachschlagewerk für exegetische Fragen, zur Verbindung von Bibelauslegung in Talmud und Midrasch oder zur Reform der rabbinischen Auslegungstradition konzipiert wurde. Die Ãbersetzung des Werkes ist ein erster Schritt, diese Fragen zu beantworten.
This volume responds to the current interest in computational and statistical methods to describe and analyse metre, style, and poeticity, particularly insofar as they can open up new research perspectives in literature, linguistics, and literary history. The contributions are representative of the diversity of approaches, methods, and goals of a thriving research community. Although most papers focus on written poetry, including computer-generated poetry, the volume also features analyses of spoken poetry, narrative prose, and drama. The contributions employ a variety of methods and techniques ranging from motif analysis, network analysis, machine learning, and Natural Language Processing. The volume pays particular attention to annotation, one of the most basic practices in computational stylistics. This contribution to the growing, dynamic field of digital literary studies will be useful to both students and scholars looking for an overview of current trends, relevant methods, and possible results, at a crucial moment in the development of novel approaches, when one needs to keep in mind the qualitative, hermeneutical benefit made possible by such quantitative efforts.
The concept of love's wound has haunted European culture for centuries. This book investigates this fundamental concept in Medieval French, Occitan, and Italian literature - with the purpose of tracing its transformation through a selection of medieval literary masterpieces, sacred and profane. The imagery of love's wound is analysed with multiple approaches, considering also representations of the theme in manuscript illuminations.
Manuscript albums are oftentimes contradictory objects: ephemeral yet monumental, coherent yet inviting change. Collecting items made by others, owners form their albums as representations of their selves, their worlds, and their traditions. The volume's contributors - who come from musicology, European history, English literary studies, and Islamic art history - explore a set of these challenging manuscripts while addressing questions of manuscript studies through their respective disciplinary lenses. The albums under investigation range from Early Modern Stammbücher, or alba amicorum, to albums assembled jointly by nineteenth-century cultural elites, and from muraqqaʿs of the Persianate world to English and North American friendship albums, including some kept by women. This book is the first contribution to the comparative study of manuscript albums, focusing on their materiality and analysing the practices of all those involved in making and using them. Moreover, the collection introduces this hard-to-grasp type of written artefact to the field of cross-disciplinary manuscript studies and suggests albums as a touchstone for manuscriptological theories and terminologies.
The study deals with the theological message and composition of the Book of Isaiah and promotes a thesis that an early Jewish reception history helps us to find perspectives to understand them. This study treats the following themes among others:1 Hezekiah as Immanuel was an important theme in the reception as can be seen in Chronicles and Ben Sira as well as in rabbinical writings. The central event which makes Hezekiah such an important figure, was the annihilation of the Assyrian army as recounted in Isaiah 36-37.2 The Book of Isaiah was interpreted in apocalyptic milieu as the Animal Apocalypse and Daniel show. Even though the Qumran writings do not provide any coherent way to interpret Isaianic passages its textual evidence shows how the community has found from the Book of Isaiah different concepts to characterize the division of the Jewish community to the righteous and sinful ones (cf. Isa 65-66).3 Ezra and Nehemiah received inspiration from the theological themes of Isaianic texts of Levitical singers which were later edited in the Book of Isaiah by scribes. The formation of the Book of Isaiah then went in its own way and its theology became different from that in the Book of Ezra-Nehemiah.
Terminologies present various challenges to their inventors and to their users, ranging from epistemic adequacy over linguistic concerns to matters of strategy and group construction. With respect to historical terminologies, however, research has been dominated by linguistic approaches. Breaking new ground, Coming to Terms collects eleven articles that combine an interest in the history of knowledge, mostly ancient Greek, with research on scientific terminologies. They all share an interest in terminological practices, that is, questions such as how and when to coin a term and then what to do with it. Among the fields discussed are astronomy, the Roman surveyors, Aristotelian science, Renaissance and modern biology, contemporary medicine, ancient Chinese philosophy, 20th-century physics, and colonial linguistics. Confronting ancient with modern terminologies, the collection intends to test integrative interpretive approaches. Thus, the collection documents how rich ancient (and modern) terminologies are and shows that they are, beyond lexicography, worth being studied per se.
Clemency plays an important role among Livy's concepts of value. This work offers a wide-ranging analysis of this virtue, in order to highlight its impact and pattern of distribution in Livy's History of Rome. Clemency is pleaded, exercised or denied within different areas (family, especially concerning fathers and sons, justice and army), which are all characterized by an uneven relationship between those who decide to exercise it or not, and those who may benefit from it. The conception that comes out is not monolithic at all, but evolves throughout the course of Livy's work, and is related to various characters and situations. In this regard, clemency is a relevant ingredient for resolving conflicts at a political and diplomatic level, as well as a strategy for gaining the consent of the defeated. Lastly, special attention has been paid to the political and cultural environment contemporary to Livy, with the aim of ascertaining its influence on the author's perception of clemency. This book is addressed to those who are interested in Livy's historical work and, more specifically, in the role that clemency plays in Livy's political and moral ideology.
In Greek and Latin, tropes (τρόποι) are generally defined as variations from a linguistic and stylistic norm (κυριολογία), either for stylistic purposes or for necessity. In this sense, they lie somewhere between a purely grammatical and a more rhetorical nature, since they may involve alterations of morphology, the semantic sphere of words, or syntactic peculiarities aimed at achieving a special expressive effect. Because of their ambiguous nature, tropes are in close proximity to what are commonly known as rhetorical figures (σχήματα). From the Ancient times all the way to the Byzantine era, Greek grammarians wrote several treatises on tropes (περὶ τρόπων). This book offers a critical edition of the extant texts on tropes transmitted by mediaeval codices, i.e. the ones attributed to grammarians such as Concordius, Georgius Choeroboscus, and the so-called 'Trypho I', 'Trypho II', 'Trypho III', 'Anonymus III' and 'Anonymus IV'. Each text is accompanied by an Italian translation. In the Introduction, besides a generic overview on the concept of trope (its genesis, its meaning(s), its development throughout centuries), an analysis of the contents and of the reciprocal relations between all these treatises is provided.
Quelle importance accorder à la pastorale scolaire ? En Belgique francophone, près de la moitié des jeunes sont inscrits dans une école catholique fréquentée par une population riche en diversité culturelle et religieuse. Compte tenu des processus de détraditionalisation, de pluralisation et d'individualisation, une double problématique émerge dans ce contexte d'une part, quelle vision du jeune et de l'homme la pastorale scolaire tente-t-elle de faire émerger ? D'autre part, comment conjuguer la multi-convictionalité des acteurs et la dimension confessante dans l'école catholique ? Après avoir contextualisé notre recherche par des approches sociétales, historiques et empiriques, nous présenterons cinq concepts de la pensée tillichienne les frontières, la bipolarité entre la substance catholique et le principe protestant, la théonomie et ses harmoniques, la rencontre interreligieuse et la préoccupation ultime. Ces cinq concepts seront ensuite mis en dialogue avec des penseurs de notre temps. Avec ce travail de théologie pratique, le lecteur trouvera une manière nouvelle de penser l'identité de l'école catholique et de faire vivre la pastorale grâce à de modèles repensés en adéquation avec le terrain actuel.
Hebrew encyclopedias have an intriguing history. The genre, which began as modest initiatives to disseminate general knowledge and strengthen literacy among Russian Jews, quickly became the most popular in modern Hebrew literature, with tens of thousands of subscribers to publications such as Encyclopaedia Hebraica and Encyclopaedia Biblica.The makers of these vast bodies of knowledge hoped to demonstrate Hebrew's mimetic power and the vitality of newly created Jewish research institutions. They also hoped that the encyclopedias would be an essential tool in shaping and reshaping Zionist national culture and nurturing an ideal national persona. Thus, the printed pages of the encyclopedias give us unique access to what Zionists were saying about themselves, how they perceived their neighbors, and what they were hoping for the future, thereby going beyond the official Zionists documents, newspaper articles, and the writings of intellectuals that have been used extensively by historians to narrate national consciousness.By bringing to the fore these unique texts, The Book of the People presents common perceptions of memory and collective identity that often do not fit with the narratives offered by historians of Zionism. In doing so, the book also exposes ethical codes that regulated the production of Zionist knowledge and endowed the encyclopedias with a rare status as a bona fide source for truths by people from diverse political and social backgrounds.
Desde la Antigüedad clásica, la literatura ha ido configurando una serie de personajes femeninos para ser inculcados como modelos de conducta a las mujeres. Muchos de ellos se han convertido en estereotipos representativos de virtudes inherentes y deseables en el sexo femenino o, por el contrario, encarnan comportamientos reprobatorios. Se pretende con ello establecer códigos de conducta que redefinan su papel como hijas, esposas y madres, pero también como protagonistas de la vida cultural y, en algunos casos, política. Estos once estudios de acreditados especialistas, ordenados con un criterio temático-temporal, ofrecen una extensa y profunda panorámica sobre los arquetipos femeninos desde la Antigüedad hasta el siglo XVI, con un análisis de sus orígenes, evolución y función desde un enfoque histórico y literario. Se abordan en ellos los discursos teóricos y el estudio de figuras femeninas tradicionales, haciendo una relectura reivindicativa de las mismas, o analizando el proceso de reformulación y de semantización que han sufrido. En definitiva, este volumen constituye una importante aportación a la historia de las mentalidades y, más en concreto, a la historia de las mujeres como pieza clave de la cultura intelectual de Occidente.
Livius stellt in der ersten Pentade seines Geschichtswerks die Geschichte der Stadt Rom und ihrer unmittelbaren Umgebung von der Gründung bis zum Jahr 390 v. Chr. dar. Ausgehend von der praefatio, in der Livius sich zu Art und Absicht seiner Darstellung äußert, untersucht dieses Buch die literarische Technik, die Livius für die Darstellung der Stadt Rom in dieser Zeit anwendet.
This book sets out to provide a matrix for surveying the literary treatment of biblical tropes. It supplies an overview of the literary reception of the Bible from the earliest times right through to contemporary writers such as Jeanette Winterson and Colm TóibÃn, traces the literary reception and treatment of the Book of Job; the figure of Uriah in the narrative of David and Bathsheba; the figure of Lilith; and Angels of Death and of Mercy. These are all handled as specimen histories. This is followed by an examination of the output of several specific early and later Twentieth-Century rewriters of the Bible. In the last chapters, three sets of other writers under particular headings ("the Great Disrupters" etc.) are grouped together with a view to finding common characteristics as well as unique features in their approach to biblical tropes and provide conclusions and suggestions for further research.
The book presents an analysis of communicative structures and deictic elements in Hellenistic dedicatory epigrams. Moving from the most recent linguistic theories on pragmatics and considering together both Stein- and Buchepigramme, this study investigates the linguistic means that are employed in texts transmitted on different media (the stone and the book) to point to and describe their spatial and temporal context. The research is based on the collection of a new corpus of Hellenistic book and inscribed dedicatory epigrams, which were compared to pre-Hellenistic dedicatory epigrams in order to highlight the crucial changes that characterise the development of the epigrammatic genre in the Hellenistic era. By demonstrating that the evolution of the epigrammatic genre moved on the same track for book and stone epigrams, this work offers an important contribution to the ongoing debate on the history of the epigrammatic genre and aims to stimulate further reflection on a poetic genre, which, since its origins in the Greek world, has been successful both in ancient and modern literary traditions.
The case studies presented in this volume help illuminate the rationale for the founding of libraries in an age when books were handwritten, thus contributing to the comparative history of libraries. They focus on examples ranging from the seventh to the seventeenth century emanating from the Muslim World, East Asia, Byzantium and Western Europe. Accumulation and preservation are the key motivations for the development of libraries. Rulers, scholars and men of religion were clearly dedicated to collecting books and sought to protect these fragile objects against the various hazards that threatened their survival. Many of these treasured books are long gone, but there remain hosts of evidence enabling one to reconstruct the collections to which they belonged, found in ancient buildings, literary accounts, archival documentation and, most crucially, catalogues. With such material at hand or, in some cases, the manuscripts of a certain library which have come down to us, it is possible to reflect on the nature of these libraries of the past, the interests of their owners, and their role in the intellectual history of the manuscript age.
This volume explores the theme of marginality in the literature and history of the Neronian and Flavian periods. As a concept of modern criticism, the term marginality has been applied to the connection between the uprooted experience of immigrant communities and the subsequent diasporas these groups formed in their new homes. The concept also covers individuals or groups who were barred from access to resources and equal opportunities based on their deviation from a "normal" or dominant culture or ideology. From a literary vantage point, we are interested in the voices of "marginal," or underappreciated authors and critical voices. The distinction between marginalia and "the" text is often nebulous, with marginal comments making their way into the paradosis and being regarded, in modern criticism, as important sources of information in their own right. The analysis of relevant passages from various authors including Lucan, Petronius, Persius, Philo of Alexandria, Pliny the Elder, Silius Italicus, and Statius, as well as the Moretum of the Appendix Vergiliana is vital for our understanding of the treatment of marginalized people in various literary genres in relation to each one's different purposes.
The author's starting point is the interweaving of forgiveness and resentment in the works of Jewish writers after the Holocaust, most especially Hannah Arendt and Jean Améry, to make sense of the catastrophe and to point to a way forward for both victims and perpetrators. The insights of these two writers and of several Jewish novelists and poets, including Bruno Schulz, Paul Celan, and Aharon Appelfeld, are used to develop accounts of forgiveness and resentment in other cases of mass atrocity around the world. The author offers a critical rereading of primary sources that aim to separate resentment from nonviolent resistance, and forgiveness from reconciliation. Forgiveness and resentment are not, as they might first appear, mutually exclusive. Together with Arendt, Améry, and Walter Benjamin, it is argued that it is through the interaction between them that victims of mass atrocity become agents of personal and cultural change. Together, forgiveness and resentment interrupt the present, reframe the past, and shape the future. They can reduce the chasm that separates memory and trust by fashioning new connections between identity and alterity, which can open paths to truly ethical coexistence for victims and perpetrators, and their descendants.
This volume focuses on the representation of the recent past in classical Athenian oratory and investigates the ability of the orators to interpret it according to their interests; the inability of the Athenians to make an objective assessment of it; and the unwillingness of the citizens to hear the truth, make self-criticism and take responsibility for bad results. Twenty-eight scholars have written chapters to this end, dealing with a wide range of themes, in terms both of contents and of chronology, from the fifth to the fourth century B.C. Each contributor has written a chapter that analyzes one or more historical events mentioned or alluded in the corpus of the Attic orators and covers the three species of Attic oratory. Chapters that treat other issues collectively are also included. The common feature of each contribution is an outline of the recent events that took place and influenced the citizens and/or the city of Athens and its juxtaposition with their rhetorical treatment by the orators either by comparing the rhetorical texts with the historical sources and/or by examining the rhetorical means through which the speakers model the recent past. This book aims at advanced students and professional scholars. This volume focuses on the representation of the recent past in classical Athenian oratory and investigates: the ability of the orators to interpret it according to their interests; the inability of the Athenians to make an objective assessment of persons and events of the recent past and their unwillingness to hear the truth, make self-criticism and take responsibility for bad results.
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