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How is the Christian supposed to act when his or her government misbehaves? Should one suffer and obey the authority, or should one render resistance; and if so, should it be passive or active; and if active, should it be violent or not? This book will not provide the answer to this question, but it will describe and analyse important persons of the 20th century who were placed in a situation where they did not merely 'turn the other cheek', but felt that they had to resist a regime; a decision which had consequences for them all. Thus the book provides insight to a central and current question of Christian and indeed religious thinking.

From their humble beginnings in Jerusalem as a late eleventh-century hospital and an early twelfth-century pilgrim escort, Hospitallers and Templars evolved into international military religious orders, engaged in numerous charitable, economic, and military pursuits. At the heart of each of these communities, and in many ways a mirror of their growth and adaptability, was a central convent led by several high officials and headquartered first in Jerusalem (to 1187), then in Acre (1191-1291), and then on Cyprus (since 1291), from where the Hospitallers conquered Rhodes (1306-1310), and where fate in the form of a heresy trial caught up with the Templars. The history, organization, and personnel of these two central convents to 1310 are the subject of this comparative study.

Using a division between substantive and formal law as the key element for understanding the applicable law in papyri, this study offers a new understanding of the distinct parts Roman and local law played in the legal reality of second-century Arabia.

This book deals with reactions to geological discoveries in early nineteenth-century England. How did theologians cope with new scientific evidence of the antiquity of the world which was contrary to accepted biblical chronology? And what repercussions did this picture have on philosophers, poets and novelists?The first part of the book concentrates on Charles Lyell's religious and scientific views. This is followed by a study of William Buckland, Adam Segdwick and William Whewell, three clergymen who were also geologists. The last section explores the literary reception of the revolutionary discoveries of Lyell and his contemporaries.

Addresses paradoxes in the EU's foreign policy, and asks questions such as: how can the European Union's "power of attraction", combined with its operational weakness, be explained?; and can the EU remain a "civilian power" when coping with an "uncivilized" world?.

This work exmaines non-Kolmogorov probability models. It provides mathematical theory of negative probabilities with applications to quantum physics, information theory, complexity, biology and psychology. Natural models with negative probabilities are developed in the framework of p-adic analysis.

This volume concentrates on martingale approximations. Topics covered include: basic notions; semimartingales; inequalities; laws of large numbers; the central limit theorem; convergence of semimartingales; the rate of weak convergence; and applications of martingales.

This monograph deals with random forests and aims to show that, despite the outward simplicity of the forest graph design, the problems emerging in relation to the phenomenon are challenging, and their solution often requires subtle mathematical methods.

A collection of lectures on stochastic processes, which can be used in the preparation of courses in stochastic processes for which an understanding of basic notions of mathematical analysis, theory of complex functions, theory of differential equations and probability theory is required.

This work is devoted to stochastic operators in Hilbert space. A number of models in modern probability theory apply the notion of a stochastic operator in explicit or latent form. In this book, objects from the Gaussian case are considered.

This volume focuses on the synthesis of targeted polymers with specific properties using macromolecular architecture. Various controlled polymerization techniques such as ionic, metathesis and recently developed "living"/controlled polymerization and some of their combinations are covered.

The book is divided into four main sections: the first three are devoted to the observation of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, and the fourth to future missions and new technologies.

This monograph presents absorption spectra and absorptivity data in the wavelength range of 480 to 1000 nm of the major haemoglobin derivatives for human adult and foetal haemoglobin and for haemoglobin of several animals (cow, dog, horse, pig, rat, and adult and foetal sheep).

This handbook contains contributions from international experts in the field and should be of value and interest to a wide variety of professionals in the discipline of disaster medicine and management.

Biotic antioxidants possess an important potential to be a reliable basis of the development of new multipurpose drugs, within the framework of existing technological structures. This book shows approaches for possible use of these natural antioxidants.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on stratigraphy. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on lithospheric motion and seismic geology. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on geochemistry. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on mineralogy. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on global tectonic zones and supercontinent formation. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on the structure of the lithosphere and deep processes. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on paleontology and historical geology. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on hydrogeology. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on structural geology and geomechanics. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on the origin and history of the earth. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on marine geology and palaeoceanography. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.

The proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress held in Beijing, China in August 1997. This volume focuses on igneous petrology. It aims to present a view of contemporary geology to researchers interested in the geological sciences.