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This is a self-contained, systematic and comprehensive introduction to all the subjects and techniques important in scientific computing. The style and presentation are readily accessible to undergraduates and graduates. A large number of examples, accompanied by complete C++ and Java code wherever possible, cover every topic.

Zoonosen sind Krankheiten bzw. Infektionen, die auf natürlichem Weg direkt oder indirekt zwischen Menschen und Tieren übertragen werden können. Als Zoonoseerreger kommen Viren, Bakterien, Pilze, Parasiten oder Prionen in Betracht. Zoonoseerreger sind in Tierpopulationen weit verbreitet und können von Nutztieren, die in der Regel selbst keine Anzeichen einer Infektion oder Erkrankung aufweisen, z. B. während der Schlachtung und Weiterverarbeitung auf das Fleisch übertragen werden. Mit Zoonoseerregern kontaminierte Lebensmittel stellen eine wichtige Infektionsquelle für den Menschen dar. Die Kontamination mit Zoonoseerregern kann auf allen Stufen der Lebensmittelkette von der Erzeugung bis zum Verzehr erfolgen. Lebensmittelbedingte Infektionen verlaufen häufig mild. Je nach Virulenz des Erregers und Alter und Immunitätslage der infizierten Person können aber auch schwere Krankheitsverläufe mit zum Teil tödlichem Ausgang auftreten. Die Eindämmung von Zoonosen durch Kontrolle und Prävention ist ein zentrales nationales und europäisches Ziel. Um geeignete Maßnahmen zur Verringerung des Vorkommens von Zoonoseerregern bei Nutztieren und in Lebensmitteln festlegen und deren Wirksamkeit überprüfen zu können, ist die Überwachung von Zoonoseerregern auf allen Stufen der Lebensmittelkette von grundlegender Bedeutung. Hierzu leistet das Zoonosen-Monitoring einen wichtigen Beitrag, indem repräsentative Daten über das Auftreten von Zoonoseerregern in Futtermitteln, lebenden Tieren und Lebensmitteln erhoben, ausgewertet und veröffentlicht werden und somit Kenntnisse über die Bedeutung verschiedener Lebensmittel als mögliche Infektionsquellen für den Menschen gewonnen werden. Mit der regelmäßigen Erfassung von Daten zu Zoonoseerregern gibt das Zoonosen-Monitoring außerdem Aufschluss über die Ausbreitungs- und Entwicklungstendenzen von Zoonosen. Antibiotikaresistente Bakterien breiten sich immer weiter aus, wodurch die erfolgreiche Behandlung vonInfektionskrankheiten zunehmend erschwert wird. Mit den Untersuchungen auf Resistenzen werden im Zoonosen-Monitoring zudem repräsentative Daten für die Bewertung der aktuellen Situation sowie der Entwicklungstendenzen der Resistenz bei Zoonoseerregern und kommensalen Bakterien gegenüber antimikrobiellen Substanzen gewonnen. Eine Eindämmung der zunehmenden Resistenz von Bakterien gegenüber Antibiotika ist sowohl für den Erhalt der Gesundheit des Menschen als auch der Tiergesundheit von großer Bedeutung.

This book presents topics in module theory and ring theory: some, such as Goldie dimension and semiperfect rings are now considered classical and others more specialized, such as dual Goldie dimension, semilocal endomorphism rings, serial rings and modules.

Combining algebraic groups and number theory, this volume gathers material from the representation theory of this group for the first time, doing so for both local (Archimedean and non-Archimedean) cases as well as for the global number field case.

Starting with an overview of the disease and its current political, financial and technical context, this Milestones in Drug Therapy volume describes the history, chemistry, mechanisms of action and resistance, preclinical and clinical use, pharmacokinetics and safety and tolerability of the current range of antimalarial drugs.

Der Begriff der Splinefunktionen wurde von I. J. Schoenberg 1946 eingefUhrt. "Spline" ist der Name eines Zeichengerates, welches auf mechanischem Weg Interpolatio- aufgaben lost. Dieses Gerat besteht aus einer flexiblen, oft mehrere Meter langen Latte, die auf dem Zeichenbrett aufliegt und dort an bestimmten Stellen durch Gewichte festgehalten wird. Die Form, die die Latte annimmt, hangt von den Elastizitatseigenschaften der Latte abo -, " , , , , , , \ , \ \ I , , , ," -"', , , , , J::>----" , I I , I I I , , , , , , , , , , , " ) Fig. 1: Latteninterpo1ation Po1ynominterpo1ation _ - - - - - - - --0 Wir konnen natUrlich versuchen, ein mathematisches Modell fUr dieses mechanische Zeichengerat zu machen, d. h. die Gestalt solcher Kurven mathematisch zu erfassen. - 2 - Die Theorie der Balkenbiegung verlangt, dass die mittlere 2 K quadratische KrUmmung, ("strain energy", Spannungs- J energie) minimiert wird. Lasst sich die Kurve als Graph einer Funktion f auf dem Intervall [a,b] schreiben, so erhalt man mit dem bekannten Ausdruck fUr die Krlimmung K [f" (t) P --------------dt ~ min (1) t [1 +f' (t)2J5/2 a Statt dieses schwierige Extremalproblem zu losen, begnUgt man sich damit, (2) zu minimieren. Die Extremalfunktion fUr das Funktional (2) ist stUckweise ein kubisches Polynom; die Polyn- stUcke gehen an den Bruchstellen so glatt ineinander Uber, dass die Funktion zweimal stetig differenzierbar ist.

This volume consists of contributions spanning a wide spectrum of harmonic analysis and its applications written by speakers at the February Fourier Talks from 2002 - 2013.

Reprint from Pure and Applied Geophysics (PAGEOPH), Volume 131 (1989), No. 1

This book is a collection of essays on the reception of Leibniz's thinking in the sciences and in the philosophy of science in the 19th and 20th centuries.

This is the first comprehensive study about the non-mathematical writings and activities of the Russian algebraic geometer and number theorist Igor Shafarevich (b. 1923). In the 1970s Shafarevich was a prominent member of the dissidents' human rights movement and a noted author of clandestine anti-communist literature in the Soviet Union. Shafarevich's public image suffered a terrible blow around 1989 when he was decried as a dangerous ideologue of anti-Semitism due to his newly-surfaced old manuscript Russophobia. The scandal culminated when the President of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States suggested that Shafarevich, an honorary member, resign. The present study establishes that the allegations about anti-Semitism in Shafarevich's texts were unfounded and that Shafarevich's terrible reputation was cemented on a false basis.

This book presents new accurate and efficient exponentially convergent methods for abstract differential equations with unbounded operator coefficients in Banach space. These methods are highly relevant for practical scientific computing since the equations under consideration can be seen as the meta-models of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE) as well as of partial differential equations (PDEs) describing various applied problems. The framework of functional analysis allows one to obtain very general but at the same time transparent algorithms and mathematical results which then can be applied to mathematical models of the real world. The problem class includes initial value problems (IVP) for first order differential equations with constant and variable unbounded operator coefficients in a Banach space (the heat equation is a simple example), boundary value problems for the second order elliptic differential equation with an operator coefficient (e.g. the Laplace equation), IVPs for the second order strongly damped differential equation as well as exponentially convergent methods to IVPs for the first order nonlinear differential equation with unbounded operator coefficients. For researchers and students of numerical functional analysis, engineering and other sciences this book provides highly efficient algorithms for the numerical solution of differential equations and applied problems.

Oliver Heaviside's electromagnetic investigations - from the publication of his first electrical paper in 1972 to the public recognition awarded to him by Lord Kelvin in 1889 - have consistently attracted attention over the years, and of late have become a major source for the study of the development of field theory after Maxwell.

This special volume focuses on optimization and control of processes governed by partial differential equations.

Such graphs provide semantics for various modal logics (alethic, temporal, epistemic and doxastic, dynamic, deontic, description logics) and also turned out useful for other nonclassical logics (intuitionistic, conditional, several paraconsistent and relevant logics).

The scientific personalities of Luigi Cremona, Eugenio Beltrami, Salvatore Pincherle, Federigo Enriques, Beppo Levi, Giuseppe Vitali, Beniamino Segre and of several other mathematicians who worked in Bologna in the century 1861-1960 are examined by different authors, in some cases providing different view points.

It is no longer time-consuming analysis of unknown products, but rather selective identifications of individual forms, modifications and processings, and overall analysis of global protein outputs from cells and tissues in health and disease.

As explained in the introduction, this represents a useful and important viewpoint in algebraic geometry, especially concerning the theory of algebraic curves and their function fields. of geometrical or topological nature) are often indicated, also to provide motivations and intuition for many results.

These notes developed from a course on the numerical solution of conservation laws first taught at the University of Washington in the fall of 1988 and then at ETH during the following spring.

The Poincaré Seminar is held twice a year at the Institut Henri Poincaré in Paris. This volume contains the lectures of the 2002 seminars. The main topic of the first one was the vacuum energy, in particular the Casimir effect and the nature of the cosmological constant. The second one concentrated on renormalization, giving a comprehensive account of its mathematical structure and applications to high energy physics, statistical mechanics and classical mechanics.Students will find excellent introductions to the subjects with further lectures leading to the frontiers of experimental and theoretical research, scientists will profit from contributions by outstanding experts.

It addresses classical inequalities related to means or to convexity as well as inequalities arising in the field of ordinary and partial differential equations, like Sobolev or Hardy-type inequalities, and inequalities occurring in geometrical contexts.

from the creation of a design system involving a parametric shape grammar with descriptions to generate urban block layouts within a defined spatial region, to a novel example of a kinetic shape grammar simulating human body movements.

This book discusses the theoretical foundations of Organic Computing, its methods, tools and learning techniques, architectural patterns and applications. A concluding chapter reviews new projects spawned since the original German Research Foundation program.

This textbook presents basic notions and techniques of Fourier analysis in discrete settings. Written in a concise style, it is interlaced with remarks, discussions and motivations from signal analysis. The first part is dedicated to topics related to the Fourier transform, including discrete time-frequency analysis and discrete wavelet analysis. Basic knowledge of linear algebra and calculus is the only prerequisite. The second part is built on Hilbert spaces and Fourier series and culminates in a section on pseudo-differential operators, providing a lucid introduction to this advanced topic in analysis. Some measure theory language is used, although most of this part is accessible to students familiar with an undergraduate course in real analysis. Discrete Fourier Analysis is aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics and applied mathematics. Enhanced with exercises, it will be an excellent resource for the classroom as well as for self-study.

The book provides a comprehensive introduction to compact finite difference methods for solving boundary value ODEs with high accuracy. The corresponding theory is based on exact difference schemes (EDS) from which the implementable truncated difference schemes (TDS) are derived. The TDS are now competitive in terms of efficiency and accuracy with the well-studied numerical algorithms for the solution of initial value ODEs. Moreover, various a posteriori error estimators are presented which can be used in adaptive algorithms as important building blocks. The new class of EDS and TDS treated in this book can be considered as further developments of the results presented in the highly respected books of the Russian mathematician A. A. Samarskii. It is shown that the new Samarskii-like techniques open the horizon for the numerical treatment of more complicated problems.The book contains exercises and the corresponding solutions enabling the use as a course text or for self-study. Researchers and students from numerical methods, engineering and other sciences will find this book provides an accessible and self-contained introduction to numerical methods for solving boundary value ODEs.

This volume is dedicated to the fundamentals of convex functional analysis. On the one hand, a bare minimum of the theory required to understand the principles of functional, convex and set-valued analysis is presented.

This title features papers that examine issues in digital fabrication as well as different mathematical instruments applied to architecture, including geometric tracing systems, proportional systems, descriptive geometry and correspondence analysis.