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In this book, new developments based on conceptual density functional theory (CDFT) and its applications in chemistry are discussed. It also includes discussion of some applications in corrosion and conductivity and synthesis studies based on CDFT. The electronic structure principles-such as the electronegativity equalization principle, the hardness equalization principle, the electrophilicity equalization principle, and the nucleophilicity equalization principle, along studies based on these electronic structure principles-are broadly explained.In recent years some novel methodologies have been developed in the field of CDFT. These methodologies have been used to explore mutual relationships between the descriptors of CDFT, namely electronegativity, hardness, etc. The mutual relationship between the electronegativity and the hardness depend on the electronic configuration of the neutral atomic species. The volume attempts to cover almost all such methodology. Conceptual Density Function Theory and Its Application in the Chemical Domain will be an appropriate guide for research students as well as the supervisors in PhD programs. It will also be valuable resource for inorganic chemists, physical chemists, and quantum chemists. The reviews, research articles, short communications, etc., covered by this book will be appreciated by theoreticians as well as experimentalists.

This new resource focuses on many recent advances in recycling and reuse of materials, outlining basic tools and novel approaches. It covers important issues as e-waste recycling, bio-mass recycling, vermitechnology, recovery of metals, polymer recycling, environmental remediation, waste management, recycling of nanostructured materials, and more.

The three volumes in this handbook highlight new research and current trends in food science and technology, looking at the most recent innovations, emerging technologies, and strategies focusing on taking food design to sustainable levels. In particular, the handbook focuses on modernization in the food industry, sustainable packaging, food bioprocesses, food fermentation, food microbiology, functional foods and nutraceuticals, natural products, nano- and microtechnology, healthy product composition, innovative processes and bioprocesses for utilization of by-products, development of novel preservation alternatives, extending the shelf life of fresh products, alternative processes requiring less energy or water, among other topics.Volume 3 of the 3-volume set focuses on functional foods and nutraceuticals. The chapters examine nutraceuticals as treatment for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, trends in functional food in noncommunicable diseases, synergism in food trends, bioactive peptides, agave fructans as a functional component in foods, and more.

This compendium volume is an indispensable source of information on the ways in which wastewater can impact public health. The editor, a well-respected expert in his field, has collected the most recent and pertinent investigations into this serious issue. Included are studies involving: - The presence of various human enteric viruses in wastewater, which reach the public through drinking and daily use water, agriculture, and through fishing waters - Antibiotic resistance produced by genetic changes in wastewater bacterial communities, affecting both human and animal health - The presence of antidepressants in water consumed by the public- Possible methods of treatment for removing bacteria and pharmaceuticals from wastewaterThis threat to public health calls urgently for the development of new treatment technologies. The research in this volume provides state-of-the-art information about recent advances in wastewater treatment and it points the way toward future productive research. Civil engineers, graduate-level research students, and scientific research labs will all find valuable information.

Biofuel production from waste biomass is increasingly being focused on due to due to several advantages of lignocellulosic biomass, such as availability in abundance from several sources, cost-effectiveness, little competition with food sources, etc. This new volume, Sustainable Biofuel and Biomass: Advances and Impacts, provides an abundance of in-depth information on many types of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass and also describes biomass sources and their availability for biofuel production. This compiled book features 17 chapters that discuss the different aspects of biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. Chapters deal with different types lipase-mediated biofuel production, biohydrogen production from lignocellulosic biomass, triacylglycrol biosynthetic pathways in plants for biofuel applications, the industrial prospects of lignocellulosic bioethanol production, biofuel cell production, potential feedstocks availability for bioethanol production, biofuel production from algal biomass, and many other important topics.

This volume provides an abundance of valuable information on emerging eco-friendly technology and its potential role in combating climate change via agroforesty. The volume begins by describing the recent understanding of the scenario of climate change and its issues and challenges and provides an in-depth analysis of the potential of agroforestry toward climate change mitigation and adaptation. Chapters address a wide range of techniques and methods for mitigating the negative aspects of climate change through agroforesty, such as vermicomposting, carbon sequestration, horticulture techniques, nutrient sequestration and soil sustainability, conservation of medicinal plant resources, silvipastoral systems, phytoremediation techniques, and more. The book also looks at livelihood security and the role of agroforestry.Key features: Provides updated information and recent developments in the field of climate change and agroforestryLooks at a variety of eco-friendly methods being employed to help mitigate climate change through agroforestyProvides recommendations and suggestions to build harmony between agroforestry and climate changeDiscusses new insights on the role of agroforestry toward combating climate change as well as maintaining the sustainability of ecosystems

Management Strategies for Water Use Efficiency and Micro Irrigated Crops presents new research and technologies for making better use of water resources for agricultural purposes. The chapters focus on better management to improve allocation and irrigation water efficiency and look at performance factors as well. Chapters look at irrigation technology, environmental conditions, and scheduling of water application.One section of the book focuses on water management in the cultivation of sugarcane, a very important industrial crop used in many fields. Other sections are devoted to principles and challenging technologies, water use efficiency for drip-irrigated crops, performance of fertigated rice under micro irrigation, and evaluation of performance of drip-irrigated crops.This valuable book is a must for those struggling to find ways to address the need to maintain efficient crop production in the midst of water shortages. With chapters from hands-on experts in the field, the book will be an invaluable reference and guide to effective micro irrigation methods.

This new volume, Research Methodologies and Practical Applications of Chemistry, presents a detailed analysis of current experimental and theoretical approaches surrounding chemical science. With an emphasis on multidisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary applications, the book extensively reviews fundamental principles and presents recent research to help show logical connections between the theory and application of modern chemistry concepts. It also emphasizes the behavior of materials from the molecular point of view.The burgeoning field of chemistry and chemical science has led to many recent technological innovations and discoveries. Understanding the impact of these technologies on business, science, and industry is an important first step in developing applications for a variety of settings and contexts. The aim of this book is to present research that has transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. The book examines the strengths and future potential of chemical technologies in a variety of industries.

Digital Media and Wireless Communication in Developing Nations: Agriculture, Education, and the Economic Sector explores how digital media and wireless communication, especially mobile phones and social media platforms, offer concrete opportunities for developing countries to transform different sectors of their economies. The volume focuses on the agricultural, economic, and education sectors. The chapter authors, mostly from Africa and India, provide a wealth of information on recent innovations, the opportunities they provide, challenges faced, and the direction of future research in digital media and wireless communication to leverage transformation in developing countries. The volume provides important research on digital media and wireless communication within the context of developing countries that will be very useful for professionals from academia, government agencies, NGOs, technologists, entrepreneurs and investors, and others.

This new volume explores the latest research on the use of alginate as a biopolymer in various biomedical applications and therapeutics. The uses of alginates and modified alginates discussed in this book include tissue regeneration, encapsulation and delivery of drugs, nucleic acid materials, proteins and peptides, genes, herbal therapeutic agents, nutraceuticals, and more. This book also describes the synthesis and characterizations of various alginate and modified alginate systems, such as hydrogels, gels, composites, nanoparticles, scaffolds, etc., used for the biomedical applications and therapeutics. Alginate, a biopolymer of natural origin, is of immense interest for its variety of applications in pharmaceuticals (as medical diagnostic aids) and in materials science. It is the one of the most abundant natural biopolymers and is considered an excellent excipient because of its non-toxic, stable, and biodegradable properties. Several research innovations have been made on applications of alginate in drug delivery and biomedicines. There needs to be a thorough understanding of the synthesis, purification, and characterization of alginates and its derivatives for their utility in healthcare fields, and this volume offers an abundance of information toward that end.

Provides practical experience and research on new methodologies and important applications in chemical nanotechnology. It also includes small-scale nanotechnology related projects that have potential applications in several disciplines of chemistry and nanotechnology.

This book, Nanostructured Semiconductors in Porous Alumina Matrices: Modeling, Synthesis, and Properties, explores new developments in the modeling, synthesis, and properties of functional semiconductor nanostructures in porous anodic alumina matrices. The book focuses on luminescent nanoparticles in organic and inorganic dielectric matrixes, specifically in porous alumina films, as these are most relevant due to their capacity for particle division and ability to provide environmental protection. With a particular emphasis on experimental and theoretical studies of the synthesis processes, the book informs readers about these nanostructures through rigorous investigation of their properties.The book, which is divided into ten chapters, begins with a discussion of the existing literature on nanostructural electroluminescent light sources (ELS). This overview establishes a foundation for the remaining nine chapters, which explore in depth many facets of nanostructured materials: their composition, processes they undergo, how they may be implemented, etc. Within these chapters, experimental studies and results are incorporated, in addition to detailed descriptions of simulations that highlight different uses of these materials.

This research-oriented book consolidates and provides up-to-date experimental methods currently used in research for many branches of chemical and biological engineering. The book surveys essential ideas and research methodologies, concentrating on experiments as used in applications rather than on fine points of rigorous mathematics.

Presents some important issues and discusses the multitude of possibilities for development in nanotechnology that focuses on overcoming the problems and challenges faced by the biomedical and food industries. The volume hopes to facilitate the development of devices and materials that benefits patients and their healthcare.

This new volume, Nanotechnology Applications in Dairy Science, is designed to provide new insight into the utilization of nanotechnology in dairy science and food science. It focuses on applications of nanotechnology in packaging and drying of dairy and meat products, nanofiltration use in the dairy industry, and whey processing and dairy encapsulation. In addition, this book will facilitate the necessary understanding of the different aspects and concerns with regard to the new technological advances that nanotechnologies are contributing to the dairy industry. It also addresses several of the challenges that are overcome by the continuing development of nanotechnology applications in the food and dairy industries.Nanotechnology has the potential to provide healthier, safer, and better tasting foods as well as improved food packaging. It will also play a major role in food safety and agricultural sustainability. Nanotechnology application in the food industry has also contributed to the exponential progress in research and new material formulations due to its unique physicochemical properties useful to a number of other fields.

Deals with recent research in the medical and nutrition sciences, natural products, and health-promoting foods that work to reduce the risk of diseases while enhancing overall well-being. It explores extraction of bioactive compounds from plants, plant-based drugs, and innovative use of plant based drugs for human health.

Water is a finite resource, and the demand for clean water is constantly growing. Clean freshwater is needed to meet irrigation demands for agriculture, for consumption, and for industrial uses. The world produces billions of tons of wastewater every year. This volume looks at a multitude of ways to capture, treat, and reuse wastewater and how to effectively manage watersheds. It presents a selection of new technologies and methods to recycle, reclaim, and reuse water for agricultural, industrial, and environmental purposes. The editor states that more than 75-80% of the wastewater we produce goes back to nature without being properly treated, leading to pollution and all sorts of negative health and productivity consequences. Topics cover a wide selection of research, including molluscs as a tool for river health assessment, flood risk modeling, biological removal of toxins from groundwater, saline water intrusion into coastal areas, urban drainage simulations, rainwater harvesting, irrigation topics, and more.Key features: - explores the existing methodologies in the field of reuse of wastewater- looks at different approaches in integrated water resources management- examines the issues of groundwater management and development- discusses saline water intrusion in coastal areas- presents various watershed management approaches- includes case studies and analyses of various water management efforts