Böcker utgivna av American Medical Publishers

Type-2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes characterized by an increased blood sugar level in the body. The management of type-2 diabetes involves a diet rich in nutrient-dense foods. Fiber, proteins, vitamins, complex carbohydrates, and minerals are good sources of nutrients for type-2 diabetics. Diabetic diet should consist of nutritious food items including fruits such as peaches, berries, oranges, apples, melons, pears, and vegetables such as cucumbers, spinach, cauliflower, zucchini, broccoli, etc. Some foods such as full-fat dairy, sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, processed foods, high fat meat, and trans-fats should be avoided. Protein-rich foods such as eggs, seafood, peas, tofu, lean meats, and poultry provide energy and keep the blood sugar level stable. This book provides a detailed explanation with respect to the nutrients essential for managing type-2 diabetes. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers updated with the recent concepts in this area of study. The book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a heterogeneous condition with an extensive range of clinical presentations and disease severity. People who suffer from this disease are observed to consume little or no alcohol, and have excessive fat stored in their liver cells. Damage to the liver under this condition is caused by the generation of oxidative metabolites and by the translocation of gut-derived endotoxin. These processes result in cellular injury and stimulation of the inflammatory responses facilitated by a range of molecules. The injury develops with impairment in tissue regeneration and extracellular matrix turnover which results in causing cirrhosis and fibrogenesis. Some of the major risk factors for this disease are obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes. This book explores all the important translational and clinical researches on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the modern day. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.

Nutrition is the consumption of a balanced and healthy diet. It is the process by which the body absorbs and utilizes food, as well as other nourishing materials. Poor nutrition can play a significant role in increasing the risk of cardiometabolic diseases but a nutrient-rich and well-balanced diet can assist in significantly lowering or preventing the risk of these diseases. Various risk factors affecting the cardiometabolic health are influenced by diet, most notably dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, excessive body fat and poor glucose metabolism. A balanced diet that includes necessary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, plant-based meals, non-nutritive bioactive compounds, and lean meats lower the cardiometabolic risks. Various other important nutrients, such as soluble fibers like oat beta-glucan, as well as vitamins C and E have also been discovered to boost heart function. Thus, improving diet quality and dietary intake becomes crucial for maintaining cardiometabolic health. This book unravels the recent studies on the role of nutrition in cardiometabolic health. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective in this area of study.

Infancy is the time of rapid growth after the fetal period. This stage of life requires optimized nutrition in order to achieve proper growth and organ development. The amount of nutrition needed to support and maintain adequate growth and optimal health, while maintaining homeostasis with other nutrients is determined by the individual requirements of infants. Nutritional needs differ during infancy and growth patterns are directly related to optimal nutrition. In the first six months, breast milk is the best source of nutrition for infants. Human milk may have particular advantages for premature infants due to the interrelationships between host defense, nutritional support and gastrointestinal development. Carbohydrates and protein, folate, calcium, zinc, fat and iron are a few of the nutrients that infants require to grow and stay healthy. This book unravels the recent studies on the role of nutrition in newborn and infant health. It consists of contributions made by international experts. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.

Newborn screening refers to tests that aim to find out the risk of developing uncommon but severe medical conditions that could affect the growth in infants. It seeks to identify metabolic, genetic and developmental disorders as early as possible. Newborn screening allows for rapid diagnosis of the conditions of newborns and then initiating treatment, at the earliest possible time. The forms of newborn screening tests include hearing test, blood tests and critical congenital heart disease screen. Infants undergo a simple blood test, as soon as they are born to look for conditions that do not manifest directly after birth. Galactosemia, biotinidase deficiency, maple syrup urine disease, congenital hypothyroidism, sickle cell disease, homocystinuria, hearing loss and congenital adrenal hyperplasia are a few of the conditions that may be detected during newborn screening tests. This book explores all the important aspects of newborn screening in the modern day. It provides comprehensive insights on newborn screening and its significance in the diagnosis of diseases and disorders. This book will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers in the field of pediatrics.

The brain is a complex organ which regulates every action in the human body, including memory, motor skills, respiration, thought, emotion, hunger, touch, vision and temperature. If the brain gets injured, it can have a wide range of consequences, such as changes in sensation, memory and even personality. There are various types of brain disorders, including mental health disorders, brain injuries, neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, brain tumors and many more. The prognosis for patients suffering from brain disorders is determined by the type and degree of the disorder. Some of the disorders are simple to treat with therapy and medication. However, conditions such as neurodegenerative disorders and some traumatic brain injuries do not have a treatment. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds which are found in plants, fruits, herbs and vegetables. They are not essential for sustaining cell viability, but have a significant role in providing protection to the neural cells from oxidative stress related with aging, inflammation, and chronic and acute brain diseases related with aging. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about phytochemicals and their effect on the neurological disorders. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is a type of imaging test that can help reveal the metabolic or biochemical function of the tissues and organs inside the body. A radioactive drug called tracer is used to show both normal and abnormal metabolic activities within the body. There are various diseases including heart disease, brain disorders and cancer that can be diagnosed using a PET scan. A single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan is a type of nuclear imaging test that shows the movement of blood towards the tissues and organs. In this medical imaging test, a radioactive substance is used to produce images of the internal structures and organs of the body. It is used to diagnose conditions such as stress fractures, strokes, seizures, infections, and tumors in the spine. This book provides new insights into the field of PET and SPECT imaging. It consists of contributions made by international experts. The book is appropriate for students as well as for experts seeking detailed information in the area of diagnostic imaging.

Musculoskeletal health refers to a condition of being healthy without any musculoskeletal conditions. These conditions can include numerous diseases, such as sarcopenia, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Musculoskeletal health is considered good when the bones, muscles and joints work well together without any pain. People who have good musculoskeletal health are able to perform their desired activities easily and without pain. The consumption of a varied and balanced diet rich in nutrients is helpful in maintaining musculoskeletal health. In the absence of important nutrients the chance of developing bone, joint or muscle disease increases, which can result in symptoms like restricted movement, joint deformity, swelling, pain and stiffness. Nutrition can modulate the immune system, help in suppressing inflammation and pain, and provide specialized nutrients required for maintenance, growth and repair. This book traces the progress of research on musculoskeletal health. It aims to shed light on the role of nutrition for improving musculoskeletal health. Researchers and students engaged in this area of study will be assisted by this book.

Neonatal nutrition involves the management of the nutritional demand of neonates. The nutritional care of newborns and infants particularly, premature newborns and infants, is challenging because of their growth and organ development needs. A child's health depends on proper infant nutrition from birth to adulthood. Breast milk is ideal for a neonatal, as it contains all of the essential vitamins and minerals. Neonatal malnutrition is a major cause of diseases, and leads to an elevated risk of infection, stunted growth, hemorrhage and neonatal death. The newborn's short and long-term survival depends on receiving the best nutritional care throughout the neonatal period. The strategy for newborn nutritional management is dependent on the mother's nutritional status, co-morbidities during pregnancy, the length of the pregnancy, the circumstances surrounding the birth, the baby's birth weight, and the resources that are available for postpartum care of the baby and mother. This book explores the role of neonatal nutrition in health and disease. Different approaches, evaluations, and advanced studies on this topic have been included herein. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) refers to a neurodegenerative disease. It has been characterized as a chronic immune-mediated disease, with strong neurodegenerative mechanisms in the progressive phase of the disease. Progressive multiple sclerosis is an advanced form of MS, categorized through the slow accumulation of disability over time without relapses. It is often manifested as a neurological development of one or more symptoms. Secondary progressive MS (SPMS) develops after an early relapsing course of the disease, whereas primary progressive MS (PPMS) develops gradually over time. Inflammation can also occur in PMS as aggregates of inflammatory cells in the meninges that includes a follicle-like presence. The diagnosis of PMS might be challenging, as it may remain unnoticed by physicians or patients for a long period. There are presently no recognized therapies for progressive forms of MS. This book aims to understand the clinical perspectives of multiple sclerosis. Some of the diverse topics covered herein address the causes, diagnoses and management of multiple sclerosis. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective in this area.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is referred as the most prevalent demyelinating disease, where the insulating covers of nerve cells in the spinal cord and brain are destroyed. This injury impairs the capability of the parts of nervous system to transmit signals. This leads to a variety of signs and symptoms such as mental, physical and occasionally psychiatric issues. Problems with coordination or sensation, double vision, muscle weakness and blindness in one eye are some of the major symptoms. The etiology of MS is unknown; but numerous risk factors have been linked to its pathogenesis, comprising a link between environmental agents and genetic vulnerability. The breakdown of myelin sheaths of neurons, creation of lesions in the central nervous system and inflammation are the three basic characteristics of MS. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the etiology and pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of this disease. Researchers and students in this field will be assisted by this book.

Iridoviruses refer to a type of double-stranded DNA viruses with an icosahedral structure that belong to the iridoviridae family. The members of this family can infect invertebrates, protozoa, vertebrates and algae. The host range of iridoviruses differs, such as some have a broad range of hosts, while others are limited to a small number of hosts. Non-lethal and concealed infections are common in various hosts. Horizontal transmission of iridoviruses generally occurs through predation or cannibalism of infected invertebrate hosts. They produce iridescence in the infected tissues and reproduce in the cytoplasm. Iridoviruses infect a variety of animals including reptiles, molluscs, fish, insects, amphibians and crustaceans. These viruses have a distinctive trait which is terminally redundant and circularly permuted organization of the genome. This book aims to shed light on iridoviruses. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective about the molecular virology and biology of these viruses. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.

A monoclonal antibody refers to an antibody formed through cloning a distinctive white blood cell. Antibodies are glycoproteins produced through differentiated B lymphocytes known as plasma cells in response to exposure to antigens. The range of antibody responses to different target antigens occurs due to gene recombination process in the hyper-variable areas of antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are formed through the similar clones of B lymphocytes in response to a specific antigen. There are numerous properties of mAbs including antigen-binding site region, identical downstream functional effects, protein sequence and binding affinity for their targets. These antibodies are often given through the subcutaneous route. They are helpful in diagnosing various diseases such as cancer and hormonal disorders. These antibodies are also useful in treating various other conditions like asthma and AIDS. This book elucidates the prospective developments with respect to monoclonal antibodies. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. Scientists and students actively engaged in the therapeutic applications of antibodies will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.

Metabolism refers to the body's mechanism through which it converts food into energy on a cellular level. It is carried out by thousands of enzymes, taking part in numerous interdependent metabolic pathways to perform this process. Metabolic diseases refer to diseases that disrupt the normal metabolism of a person. These diseases affect the capability of the cells to carry out crucial biochemical reactions, including the transport and processing of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. The causes of metabolic diseases are usually hereditary. However, the majority of people affected with any metabolic disease may seem healthy for several months or years. The initial symptoms generally occur once the body's metabolism becomes stressed, such as during a febrile illness or after long fasting. These diseases can be treated through nutritional management if detected initially. This book aims to explain the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. This book will help new researchers by foregrounding their knowledge in this condition.

Electromagnetism refers to the force of electric and magnetic fields which is frequently used in various technologies. Electromagnetic technologies are also used in medical imaging and diagnostics. The advancements in electromagnetic engineering such as computational methods, imaging theory and algorithms, measurement techniques, etc. have led to the development of this technology. Such advancements have led to development of low-cost, portable, and accurate microwave sensing/imaging systems which can help in overcoming various challenges existing in medical diagnostics. Currently, the electromagnetism research is focused on the use of microwave technologies in medical imaging and diagnostics. Microwave medical imaging makes use of the prominent dielectric contrast between healthy and disease-affected tissues to detect a pathological condition. The objective of microwave sensing technology is to monitor physiological parameters such as heart-rate, or disease-related biomarkers in the blood. A new medical application named microwave tomography is emerging as an effective means to monitor thermal ablation. In this book, various advancements in electromagnetic technology having applications in medical diagnostics have been looked at in detail. Medical researchers, scientists and students actively engaged in this field will find it full of crucial and unexplored concepts.

Medical informatics is concentrated on information technology, which provides effective collection of data by utilizing technological tools for enhancing medical knowledge and smooth delivery of patient medical care. Health data is linked with the health of a person or collective population. This information is collected through a series of health information systems (HIS), as well as from other technological tools used by professionals and healthcare providers involved in healthcare systems. Medical informatics makes use of data analytics, which is a process of investigating raw datasets for discovering trends, drawing conclusions and recognizing the potential needed for enhancement of healthcare. Analytics in healthcare utilizes historical and current data for understanding and supporting decision-making on both business and patient level. The usage of data analytics results in improvements in patient care, finding preventive measures, decision-making, as well as more accurate diagnosis and more personalized treatment. The various advancements in medical informatics are glanced at and their applications as well as ramifications are looked at in detail within this book. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective in this area.

Medical inpatient is the term used to refer to someone who is admitted to a hospital for a brief or extended stay. Along with proper medication and treatment, it is critical that the inpatients are provided with the right type of nutrition and care since food is the primary source of nutrition. Nutritional therapy refers to the treatment based on nutrition, which involves checking a patient's nutritional status, and prescribing and providing the right foods or nutrients to treat different medical conditions. The human body breaks down the food to receive the molecules, such as carbohydrates, minerals, proteins, vitamins and fats. A patient's body must be able to metabolize and utilize the nutrients for supporting all body functions. If the body does not receive these nutrients, it becomes difficult for it to work properly. This book explores all the important aspects of nutritional therapy in the modern day. It covers in detail some strategies for the management of medical inpatients. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

A disease that occurs due to high blood sugar levels is called diabetes. There are three major types of diabetes, namely, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Of these, the most prominent type of diabetes is the type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas produces insulin but the body is not able to use the insulin, the way it should be used. This long-term condition causes high level of sugar circulating in the bloodstream that results in circulatory, nervous, and immune system disorders. The symptoms of type 2 diabetes are increased thirst, frequent urination, increased hunger, fatigue, blurred vision, frequent infections, etc. It is caused due to two interrelated problems. The first problem is insulin resistance developed by cells in muscle, fat and the liver which leads to lower amount of sugar. The second issue is the inability of the pancreas to produce enough insulin to manage blood sugar levels. Certain lifestyle changes such as eating healthy foods, losing weight, and avoiding inactivity for long periods are some measures to prevent or manage the disease. This book explores all the important aspects of type 2 diabetes and its medical management in the present day scenario. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.

Lung cancer is a malignant lung tumor that causes uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissues. There are two most common types of lung cancer, namely, small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Majority of the lung cancer cases are caused by long-term tobacco smoking. The symptoms and signs of lung cancer include chest pain, headache, a new cough that won't go away, shortness of breath, bone pain, and hoarseness. Computed tomography (CT) scans and chest radiographs are commonly used to view lung cancer. The diagnosis of lung cancer is done through a biopsy, which is commonly performed using CT guidance or bronchoscopy. The primary method for preventing lung cancer is to minimize risk factors, such as air pollution and smoking. The treatments and long-term outcomes of lung cancer rely on the stage and the type of cancer, as well as the person's overall health condition. Some of the common treatments are radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy. This book unravels the recent studies on lung cancer. It contains a detailed explanation of the various diagnostic and therapeutic techniques associated with this disease. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.

Magnesium is a mineral present in a range of foods. It plays a significant role in facilitating a wide range of chemical reactions in the body, like regulation of blood sugar, supporting the functioning of nerves and muscles, building strong bones, and regulation of blood pressure. Magnesium helps in steady functioning of the heart and facilitates contraction of the muscles by acting as an electrical conductor. It is a major nutrient which helps in the smooth functioning of various body parts like nerves, heart, bones, etc. Magnesium can be found in foods like whole grains, legumes, seeds, nuts and green leafy vegetables. The consumption of magnesium in enough amounts can help in the prevention and treatment of diseases, like migraine, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The early symptoms of magnesium deficiency include weakness, loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. This book unravels the recent studies on the importance of magnesium for human health and disease management. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.

Kidney disease is a condition or disease that affects or damages the kidneys and their functions. Kidneys play an essential role in the normal functioning of the body. The functions of kidneys involve expelling waste products and impurities from the blood. There are several types of kidney diseases, such as chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease and urinary tract infections. Chronic kidney disease is the most common form of nephropathy caused by increased blood pressure and diabetes. Various tests like glomerular filtration rate (GFR), ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan, kidney biopsy and blood creatinine test are used to examine the stage of kidney disease. Treatment varies, depending on the stage of the disease. Preventive measures such as sufficient water intake, less salt and sugar consumption, and reduced smoking can be adopted to help reduce the risk of developing a kidney disease. The topics included in this book on kidney diseases are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. It outlines the pathology, diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Those with an interest in the study and treatment of kidney diseases will find this book helpful.

For human beings, iron is an important trace element. It is required for various bodily processes such as cell growth and division, oxygen transport, various catalytic reactions, and oxidative metabolism. Human body requires only a small amount of iron on a daily basis. It must be consumed in a strictly monitored manner because there is no mechanism for excreting excess iron out of the body. Erythropoiesis, i.e., the production of new blood cells, takes place in the bone marrow, which is the major consumer of iron. The reticuloendothelial system helps in recycling iron by erythrocyte phagocytosis. Various proteins are involved in iron metabolism. For instance, hepcidin is a liver-derived peptide hormone that works as a major regulator of iron metabolism. This book explores all the important aspects of the physiology and pathophysiology of iron in the present day scenario. It is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

The disease of the kidney wherein the ability to filter blood and control the blood pressure is affected is known as kidney disease. It can be classified into chronic kidney disease and acute kidney disease. The medical condition in which the kidneys stop working suddenly is known as acute kidney disease. Chronic disease is the medical condition where the kidneys are unable to function properly for more than three months. Diabetes, chronic or uncontrolled high blood pressure, polycystic kidney syndrome and chronic glomerulonephritis are some common causes of kidney disease. Kidney transplantation is a type of surgery performed to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy kidney from a donor. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of kidney disease and transplantation and the recent researches on them. Researchers and students in this field will be greatly assisted by it.

Kidney diseases are the diseases that can affect or damage the kidneys. Diabetes and hypertension are the major risk factors for kidney disease and can cause kidney failure. Diabetes causes higher levels of sugar in blood that damages the kidneys and decreases their ability to filter waste and fluid from the blood, causing kidney disease over time. High blood pressure is the second most common cause of kidney failure, after diabetes. It narrows the blood vessels which reduces the blood flow and obstructs the normal functioning of kidneys. Eating healthy, being physically active and taking medicine on time can help slow the progression and prevent damage to kidneys. Renin-angiotensin system blockade, glycemic and blood pressure control are generally used therapeutic approaches for managing kidney diseases, but there are emerging therapies which focus on delaying fibrosis development and reducing inflammation. Furthermore, certain lifestyle changes, like managing stress, weight, and diet are also helpful in the management and prevention of kidney diseases. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed the study of kidney diseases. It attempts to understand the various interventions used for the management of kidney diseases as well as the emerging therapies.

Infant nutrition refers to the study of the nutritional requirements of infants. A diet that lacks in vital minerals, calories, fluids or vitamins is deemed insufficient. Breast milk offers the best nutrition for the crucial early months of growth as compared to infant formula. It has numerous benefits for neonates and infants, including improved immunity, growth and development. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, anemia and obesity. Solid foods are often provided to infants after four to six months from their birth. Proper infant nutrition requires the provision of vital nutrients that promote development, appropriate growth, function, and resistance to disorders and infections. An expectant mother can ensure optimal nutrition by choosing whether to bottle-feed or breastfeed the infant after birth. The topics covered in this book offer the readers new insights on infant nutrition. It is a vital tool for all researching and studying this field. This book is a resource guide for experts as well as students.

Health informatics, also called medical informatics, refers to the field of study that draws from three main subjects, namely, information science, computer science and health care. It involves the use of resources, devices and methods for acquiring, storing, retrieving and using information for health and biomedicine. In the last few decades, there has been a remarkable progress in information and communication technologies (ICT), which have laid the foundation for innovations in healthcare. The healthcare facilities primarily focus on delivering efficient, patient-centered and sustainable healthcare systems. This has been made possible by extensive use of technologies, such as big data, medical data analytics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, virtual reality, augmented reality, 5G, internet of things (IOT), nanotechnologies and biotechnologies. Some of the important innovations that have dramatically changed health care and informatics include apps that enable communication with healthcare providers, telemedicine, electronic health records, wearable technology, 3D bioprinting, etc. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the concept of smart health care that includes widespread use of health informatics. Its aim is to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. The book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.

Lactation is the secretion of milk from the mammary glands located in the breasts of sexually mature females. The mammary glands have various parts which work together in order to produce milk, which include alveoli, milk ducts, areola and nipple. Lactation is the biological response which takes place during and after pregnancy for feeding a newborn baby. The breastfeeding phase can continue till two or more years, and it has a significant role in the infant's development and lifelong health. Nutrition in the early life provides an opportunity for improving the health of an infant in the short and long term. This helps in the reduction of risk of various diseases, like sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory tract infections, diarrhea and ear infections. Furthermore, breastfeeding can help in decreasing the risk of diabetes, food allergies, and asthma. This book provides comprehensive insights on lactation and breastfeeding. It is a resource guide for experts as well as students.

Hypertension refers to a type of long-term medical condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is continuously high. Generally, high blood pressure does not show any symptoms. Although, it leads to several diseases such as peripheral arterial disease, dementia, stroke, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, heart failure and vision loss. There are various lifestyle factors which contribute towards risk associated with hypertension, such as smoking, excess salt in the diet, consumption of alcohol and excess body weight. Medications and lifestyle changes may reduce the risk of health complications and help in lowering blood pressure. Healthy diet including fruits, lean meat, cooked hot cereal, vegetables, etc. that are rich in nutrition may improve the condition of hypertension. This book explores all the important aspects of hypertension and its relationship to nutrition. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

Medical imaging is a process of imaging the internal view of the human body for medical intervention and clinical analysis. It depicts the internal structure of the body, which is covered by the skin. It helps in the identification of abnormalities for appropriate diagnosis and treatment of a disease. Medical imaging includes technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging, radiology, ultrasound, radiography, medical photography, elastography, thermography, computed tomography and mammography. Imaging diagnostics are used for detecting cancer and its management in all the phases. Medical imaging is a significant part of clinical protocols related with cancer and it helps in furnishing functional, structural, metabolic, and morphological information. In combination with other diagnostic tools like in vitro fluids and tissue analysis, medical imaging helps in undertaking clinical decisions. Cancer can be detected in the early stages through imaging based on screening, which has substantially decreased the mortality in certain cancers. This book unravels the recent studies on diagnostic imaging and its applications in cancer. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by it.

Hospital acquired infection (HAI) is a type of infection acquired while receiving healthcare services in a hospital. The common forms of hospital acquired infections are bacterial infections, fungal infections and viral infections. Fever, cough, burning sensation while urinating, extreme weakness or tiredness are a few of the most common symptoms associated with these infections. Hospital acquired infections can be prevented by disinfecting equipment and skin, wearing protective equipment, like gloves and face masks, and washing hands regularly. Treatment for these infections includes antibiotics, rest and consuming sufficient water. Diagnostic tests like taking blood sample, taking sample from lungs or undertaking other specific tests is helpful in determining the specific infection. The topics included in this book on hospital acquired infections are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. It picks up individual infections and explains their significance in the context of the modern healthcare system. The book will serve as a valuable source of reference for graduate and post graduate students.