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The Opium Factory of Ghazipur has a history all its own. Like most other colonial enterprises, it was developed to further colonial mercantile and imperial interests. Ghazipore, as it was known in British India, was the headquarters of the Benaras opium agency, which included almost the whole of the then-United Provinces. Directed and driven by metropolitan capital, the opium factory's success signaled the rise of colonial India as a major exporter of raw opium. Nevertheless, the opium factory was not simply a site of production of "provision" opium; it was where metropolitan capital and imperial science and technology intertwined to ensure the vitality of a colonial establishment. Technology was not everything, however. Raising the standard of opium manufacturing required the services of the "opium chemist," who became vital to the efficacy of the entire operation. Colonial research focused on the extraction of alkaloids to meet the growing demand of medicinal opium and its imports to England during and after World War II. From a site of manufacture of crude raw opium, the factory evolved into a modern pharmaceutical concern that was totally redesigned and reequipped. Renamed the "Government Opium and Alkaloid Works," some elements of continuity render this 200-year old monument a legacy embodying a powerful narrative of how "opium made the world go round." This work is an attempt to revisit and uncover the many trajectories of the Ghazipur opium factory, which still remains a site of production in the twenty-first century.

Shenoute of Atripe and the Rise of Monastic Education in Egypt addresses the monastic teachings of Shenoute of Atripe, an Egyptian author and monastic leader of the fourth and fifth centuries CE, as well as the literary and cultural context of his teachings. The first chapter introduces Shenoute and explores the chronology of his life. Considering both known elements and new hints, it offers a new chronology that challenges the traditionally accepted reconstruction, especially with regard to the date of Shenoute's death. The second chapter focuses on Shenoute's educational background, particularly the hypothesis that Shenoute received a classical Greek education before becoming a monk. The last three chapters offer an analysis of the education offered by Shenoute, by his monastic predecessors in Egypt, and by Shenoute's successor Besa.

Opium Consumption and Experience in India offers a "cultural biography" of opium on the subcontinent. It spans the Raj and India after independence. The book examines the "social lives" of opium in India, beginning as a commodity in the sixteenth century, exploring its social transformation and singularization in the eighteenth century, and chronicling its decline from the mid-nineteenth century to obsolescence and the new "paths and diversions" of our own times. The book attempts to illuminate how opium came to occupy a central place in India's "cultures of consumption" and also in the socio-economic and political life of a people. How did opium become embedded in a social ethos where it not only served as a social lubricant but soon morphed into a narco-identity for the people of India? The identification of India as a land of "great opium eaters" spawned the propaganda of a "civilizing mission" that ushered in a new era of material exploitation and political domination. As Dr. Kour demonstrates, this had a significant impact on the development and regulation of opium and its use.

Large-scale social changes are taking place in American society, often even without technological change. America's Future examines these transformations. An introduction lays the groundwork for five of the most significant areas where social changes are occurring: population, politics, education, economics, and media. An underlying theme emphasizes what is specifically driving these changes. There are reasons why what is transpiring today is very different than before and what such portends for the future. Our lives are notably changing, though most are unaware how.

In this new and original study of the origins of the United States Constitution, award winning scholar Lawrence Goldstone demonstrates that what was left out of the document by the Framers is of equal importance to what was included. Because of the deep divisions present in the United States at the beginning of the Republic, delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1787 were unwilling, and often unable, to forge a plan for government that would be both comprehensive and sufficiently acceptable to competing interests to achieve ratification. Rather than risk rejection, they chose to leave many key areas of governance vague or undefined, hoping the flaws could be dealt with after the Constitution had become the "supreme law of the land." Although successful in the short term, that strategy left the Constitution excessively prone to subjective interpretation and, as a result, the United States was rendered vulnerable to anti-democratic initiatives and the perpetuation of minority rule, both of which plague the nation today. Thus, a constitution drafted to ensure "a more perfect union" has instead begotten dysfunction and disunion. The ossification of America's political process is to a significant degree due not to what the Constitution says but rather from what it fails to say. The only way to address the threat these omissions engender is to identify the flaws and then complete the Constitution by fashioning legislative solutions to fill the gaps.

Of all the theological issues discussed in Christian circles, few have received more attention than the New Testament "gift of tongues." Were the tongues at Corinth "real languages," or something else? Some charismatics and an assortment of sympathetic observers, spurred on by modern linguistic analyses of audio recordings of modern tongues vocalizations, argue that modern tongues and the tongues in Corinth alike are not real languages at all. The questions Bruce Edminster seeks to answer in The Gift of Tongues include whether the Corinthian gift is the same as the one found in the book of Acts, what is the meaning and significance of the word "edification" in the context of the Corinthian phenomenon, and is the gift of tongues "real" language, the language of the angels, or a non-language? Further consideration asks what should the "gift of tongues" should be used for? Evangelism? Personal devotion? Self-gratification?

Italian Culture in America: The Immigrants describes the nationwide anti-Italian discrimination, and often violent retribution, experienced by millions of immigrants during the formative years of an industrializing United States, from 1880 to 1930. This carefully presented work reveals the presence of Italian culture provided by hardworking, family-oriented Italians who bravely left their homeland in search of opportunity in America. Looking to his own Italian heritage, Giordano identifies so many of the "taken for granted" aspects of American life that have distinct Italian roots. Many creative innovations include banking, radio, the telephone, aeronautics, entertainment, and even the Statue of Liberty, among dozens of others. The study establishes that negative media stereotypes created by Hollywood are misunderstood and very often purely fictitious. In contrast, Giordano unfolds a factual story documenting the growing assimilation by Italians ingrained within all aspects of American culture. Italian Culture in America: The Immigrants will certainly fascinate those interested in Italian-American history. It will also help tell the story of all immigrants who entered and settled in the United States.

"Sex and Privacy in American Law presents empirical analyses of civil and criminal state court decisions applying the U.S. Supreme Court's landmark decision in Lawrence v. Texas. After tracing key historical and legal developments leading up to the Lawrence decision's decriminalization of sodomy on substantive due process grounds in 2003, the study employs both quantitative and qualitative content analyses of 307 cases citing Lawrence over the two decades since it was decided. Results indicate that judicial decisions rarely embraced broad readings of Lawrence in criminal cases. In fact, Lawrence's long-term impact on criminal law has largely remained as limited as some commentators predicted shortly after the case was decided. In civil cases, courts tended not to rely on Lawrence significantly in most business and employment law cases. Courts that applied Lawrence in family law disputes - especially those involving same-sex couples - often construed the case narrowly at first, but broadened their interpretations after Obergefell v. Hodges brought marriage equality to the United States. Lawrence also impacted LGBTQ+ civil rights claims. Statistically significant geographic differences were found relating to how courts used Lawrence in those cases, with judges in Northeastern and Pacific coastal states having applied the precedent broadly, while judges in Southern and Midwestern states tending to have applied the case more narrowly. The implications are explored generally and within the specific context of the constriction of substantive due process rights in the wake Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization."--

Many Turkish cities have witnessed increasing micro and macro-spatial dimensions in urban social movements, shaping urban space over recent decades. Typical Turkish urban social movements have generally shared the same goals, been based on actors' lower-class backgrounds and locally-rooted associations, and have employed similar types of action and strategies against authority. However, the Gezi Park protests were of a singular and different character. This book aims to explore the Gezi Park protests, and discusses their role in changing the character of urban social movements in Turkey, by asking the following questions: What social, political, and economic forces changed the structure of the protests over the years in Turkey? In turn, how has the Gezi Park movement shaped our understanding of new Turkish urban social movements?

In Freedom's Anchor, famed legal commentator Judge Andrew P. Napolitano makes the case for using natural law principles to restrain government. Going back to Aristotle, Augustine, and Aquinas, Judge Napolitano identifies the origins of Natural Law Theory and explains its growth and development in English and American law. He argues compellingly that the idea that our rights come from our humanity - and not from social consensus or government - is enshrined in the Ninth Amendment, authored by none other than James Madison himself, the scrivener of the Constitution, and is binding on the courts today.Freedom's Anchor is essentially a history of law and power in the United States as seen through the lens of Natural Law Theory. This work traces the Supreme Court's explicit acceptance and explicit rejection of these principles. For the first time in one volume, Judge Napolitano gives us the universe of all published works in English (and some in Latin and in Spanish) on Natural Law Theory. He has scoured the Supreme Court's writings and examined all that reflect favorably or unfavorably upon the principles of innate human freedom.After having published nine previous books on the U.S. constitutional history, this is Judge Napolitano's magnum opus. It reflects a lifetime of thinking and understanding by one of America's preeminent legal thinkers. Scholars, judges, and law students will love this book. And non-lawyers who read this book - interested in the courts' historical treatment of fundamental human freedoms and how we lost them - will say to each other: "Wow. I didn't know that! There is still hope."

André Bazin (1918-58) was renowned for almost single-handedly establishing the study of film as an accepted intellectual pursuit, as well as for being the spiritual father of the French New Wave. In 1951, Bazin co-founded and became editor-in-chief of Cahiers du Cinéma, the most influential critical periodical in the history of cinema. Five of the film critics whom he mentored at that magazine later became the most acclaimed directors of the postwar French cinema: François Truffaut, Jean-Luc Godard, Éric Rohmer, Jacques Rivette, and Claude Chabrol. Bazin is also considered to be the principal instigator of the highly influential auteur theory-the idea that, since film is an art form, the director of a movie must be perceived as the chief creator or "author" of its unique cinematic style.In his relatively brief lifetime, Bazin wrote some 2,600 articles and reviews, only about 200 of which are accessible in anthologies or edited collections-and most of these are theoretical pieces.The Practical Critic: André Bazin on Film, 1945-1958 offers critical reviews of notable individual films: Scarface, Citizen Kane, The Seven Samurai, The Great Dictator, It's a Wonderful Life, On the Waterfront, Rebel Without A Cause, Aparajito, Miracle in Milan, Touch of Evil, East of Eden, Ivan the Terrible, The Best Years of Our Lives, La Strada, High Noon, and The Bridge on the River Kwai. The Practical Critic also features a contextual introduction to Bazin's life and work, a Bazin bibliography, a selection of film stills, and a comprehensive index. This book represents a major contribution to film studies and a testament to the continuing influence of one of the world's pre-eminent cultural critics.

Travel Ruminations is a personal account of the author's walking, hiking, and mountain climbing over a 75-year career in all 50 U.S. states and 38 countries, but it is more than a mere memoir. Interspersed are remarks on the ecological aspects of his environments and the devastation caused by human activity.

Emperor Whisperers charts a comparative history of the two largest strains of ancient philosophy, from the first millennium BC to around AD 500. The book examines how philosophy arose from atheism in both China and Greece but entered a cul de sac when atheism spread from the elites to the middle classes. China's philosophy evolved to oppose law with morals, which created a mandarin class of "emperor whisperers," while Western philosophy was complicated by competing political systems that were only harmonized by the triumph of the Roman Empire. As antiquity came to an end, imported new religions - Buddhism and Christianity - reintroduced faith into elite thought and kickstarted the Middle Ages.

We are living through extraordinary times - a startling civilizational shift in which the tables are being turned on the West and all it stands for. The baby boomers tracked the beginning of this great historical arc, their children are watching it accelerate, and their grandchildren may witness its completion. The rise of the Third World is rooted in social transfers, welfare, and redistribution of wealth in the name of justice. The failing heart of the West is the market. Why do many Third World countries seem to understand and accept this truth? Why does the West only give the nod to it in the form of a mixed economy but appears unable to change course? This remarkable book takes on these questions and, in doing so, unpicks how societies in the West examine themselves and others.

Sure to become a leading textbook for business students, Marketing Case Studies includes 25 pedagogical case studies encountered by contemporary firms in the realms of marketing management, integrated marketing communication, consumer behavior, branding, customer relationship marketing (CRM), and more. It offers an academic reference to marketing students, instructors, and practitioners. Each case study is followed by questions and proposed answers, which present detailed literature on the topic, followed by execution of theories and models.

This book discusses the eight novels of the American expatriate author W. B. Trites. Although Trites was highly praised by such contemporaries as H. G. Wells, Joseph Conrad, W. B. Maxwell, Max Beerbohm, L. P. Hartley, and Frank Harris, among others, he remains curiously unknown today. His spare style, which predated Hemingway's by several decades, did not impress publishers accustomed to more expansive prose. Worse still, his prospects suffered from the forbidden social subjects that he dared to explore in a less open era, when publishers shied away from controversial topics. Richard Rex's masterful discussion of Trites's remarkable novels includes contemporary reviews, comments on the author's themes, his negotiations with publishers, and biographical details heretofore unknown.

Courtly love and feminism are strange bedfellows, the one a controversial literary concept, and the other a continuing crusade. Both can be taken seriously or ridiculed. In this incisive book, Antonia Southern tries to do both with both. Courtly Love focuses a feminist lens on fourteen authors, some well-known and some less so. They aimed variously to entertain, amuse, instruct, make money, or please themselves. Marie de France is the supreme example of the last category. Sir Thomas Malory wrote in prison and needed to pass the time. Christine de Pizan wrote to make a living for herself and her family. The Knight of La Tour-Landry wrote advice for his own daughters. Sir Philip Sidney wrote for his sister and her friends. Chrétien de Troyes and Andrew Capellanus had patrons to please, and so sometimes did Geoffrey Chaucer. A historian unrepentantly trespassing in the verdant fields of English literature, Southern rejects the concept of "the Death of the Author" and the divorce of authors from their writing and seeks to understand them on their own terms.

The classics used to be the seminal texts of Western civilization and education. From Homer down through the Greek poets and philosophers, including the Roman poets and early Christian writers, the classics were indispensable in shaping the hearts, minds, and souls of Westerners toward the Good, True, and Beautiful. Today, however, the classics are under attack as nothing but a relic of racism, misogyny, and sexism that have no place in the modern world. Far from irrelevant, the classics are deeply pertinent to the struggles of modern society and the human soul. In this collection of essays, Paul Krause offers a guided tour through the classics and highlights the wisdom, truth, and beauty that these great works embody. Recovering the hermeneutic of love, rather than promoting the politicization of literature, is needed in restoring the great works of Western literature to their important place in Western culture. From Homer and Aeschylus to Herodotus and Plato, from Virgil and Catullus to Ovid and Saint Augustine, Finding Arcadia reveals the wisdom that our ancestors gained from the books rightfully called the classics.

This is the first major work to present a political, legal, theological, philosophical, and missiological view - validated by ancient Jewish Rabbinical hermeneutical strategies - of the current maelstrom affecting Western society. The author employs a conservative Judeo-Christian and political standpoint in evaluating the challenge to accepted values, morals, and precepts underpinning Western civilization. The dramatic story of the primordial origins of Identity ideologies and their devastating effect, many centuries later, upon contemporary culture is revealed. Coercive Identity Politics have revolutionized the established political and legal arrangement and the essential freedoms inherent in the West's classical liberal democratic political order. The existential contest between the Judeo-Christian faith and secular humanist, new age neo-pagan ideologies, is a struggle for identity - a struggle for the very soul of humanity. This conflict originated at the time of creation, in the Garden of Eden, to be resolved only in the eschatological age. In the interim, society reels from the onslaught on its traditional way of life. Yet there is hope, as this Book explains.

One of the challenges Nigeria has faced since independence in 1960 has been its human rights record. Under military rule, the problem was attributed to the undemocratic nature of military regimes. When the military handed over power to civilians after an election in 1999, it was expected that democratic governance would lead to improved respect for human rights. But human rights violations persisted. This book examines the state of human rights in Nigeria, the different sources, reasons, and dimensions of human rights violations during the Fourth Republic for a better understanding of Africa in the 21st century.

Ernest Hemingway pioneered the short story genre by prioritizing economy of prose. He also wrote the shortest short story: his famous six-word "For Sale: Baby Shoes Never Worn!" The whole story embodies these words, which are semantically meaningful. Influenced by Edgar Allan Poe's "single-effect" theory, each story drives the reader to concentrate on a substantial controlling idea that directs the story from beginning to end. A writer of the "Lost Generation," Hemingway went to Europe during World War I to master writing. He also served at the front. He used his experiences then, before, and after to craft a highly original approach to the short story, involving thematic issues around marriage, war, friendship, bullfighting, love, nature, and enemies. He also explored themes of alienation, isolation, existential philosophy, meaninglessness, nihilism, and aimlessness. Hemingway's wide perspective invites an intense subjectivity, uniting with readers who become an active part of the interpretation. Zennure Köseman's new book offers a deft exploration of this craft.

The Wild, Wild East recounts the adventures of late-onset Texan and international businessman Tom Meurer over a span of 55 years, from the Cold War to the War on Terrorism. As a freshly commissioned Air Force lieutenant, Tom experienced a build-up to war. But it was only after billionaire H. Ross Perot wooed him into the seemingly starchy world of software engineering that Meurer traveled to wartime Vietnam and Laos, searching for evidence of 1,600 missing U.S. prisoners of war. He found himself negotiating with drug-runners, brothel owners, gold smugglers, and dangerously high-ranking diplomats. What started as a privately funded international spy-ring, ended with a privately funded tickertape parade and star-studded weekend reception in San Francisco. Years later, he returned to Vietnam, looking for oil instead of prisoners.Between trips to Southeast Asia, Meurer began working with the Nixon White House as a presidential advance man. Beyond the obvious challenges of anti-war and civil rights protests, Meurer recounts the perils of camera angles, college football fans, bathroom visits, exotic helicopter rides, and the devastating 1970 Peruvian earthquake, which killed more than 80,000 people.Meurer tells of his longtime friendship and business career with Ray Hunt, of Hunt Oil Company, and the game-changing discovery of oil in Yemen - a country "storming out of the 14th century." Ever the fish-out-of-water, he describes his travels, negotiations, and business developments in "Red China" as it began to turn capitalist in 1979. Through his role in Chinese oil exploration, private equity, personal friendships, and the nascent beef industry, Meurer witnessed the People's Republic of China's meteoric rise over the following 35 years. Along the way, we find him pranking communist border guards, breaking out of curfew-imposed war zone hotels and into U.S. embassies, nearly crash landing in Siberia, arrested for jogging in Albania, vacationing with the family in Karl-Marx-Stadt, and ingesting unspeakably exotic foods. He watched leaders, luminaries, lending practices, and landscapes change and change again (and then again), while collecting hotel soap, memberships to airline VIP lounges, and frequent flyer miles. He often found himself in rooms with presidents, prime ministers, sheikhs, and village chiefs as history was happening.In true Forest Gumpian fashion, The Wild, Wild East is a study in best-case scenario of wit + energized wonder + proximity to wealth. Through the opportunities presented by Perot and Hunt, Dallas billionaires who were employers but became dear family friends, Meurer found himself living his best life, one of worldwide adventure while simply having fun, making an honest living, and helping the truest of people and best of friends.These are stories of one man's life - the career, adventures, and impressive people, friends, axioms, discoveries, events, cultures, and institutions he encountered along the way.

Joseph Martin Stevenson is a recognized scholar in American higher education thanks to his scholarly work and journalism for such outlets as the Tennessee Tribune, the Clarion Ledger, and Greenwood Commonwealth. Born at historically Black Meharry Medical College and raised on the campus of Fisk University, Joseph has dedicated most of his professional life to America's historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). His deep appreciation for the arts was anchored on the campus of Fisk, surrounded by historic figures, art galleries, monuments, and other monuments to African-American history, social justice, and civil rights. His subsequent lived experiences at HBCUs included time at Jackson State University, Tennessee State University, Howard University, Hampton University, Tougaloo College, Mississippi Valley State University, Miles College, Bethune Cookman University, and many others, which he toured as a subject matter expert for Technology Management Training, Inc. (TMT) of Huntsville, Alabama, and for the U.S. Department of Defense to survey and study HBCU research capabilities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).In this book, Dr. Jeton McClinton chronicles, highlights, and profiles Stevenson's life and career in a uniquely qualitative journey. Through and from narratives, she captures much of his lived experience by connecting it to the growth of the Civil Rights Movement during Joseph's human growth, development, accomplishment, and achievement as a "quintessential" academician. In the HBCU community, Joseph is often identified as the dernier cri and apogean American academic. Joseph's early exposure to higher education from the HBCU space in the mid 1950s through the 1960s ignited, incubated, and initiated the development of his lived experiences of serving as academician, author, artist, and activist in higher education for social justice. These roles included serving as a provost seven times, in multiple deanships, and as an Eminent Scholar at Florida International University and Distinguished Scholar at Jackson State University. Readers interested in higher education will appreciate this intellectual biography of a man who grew out higher education and is the Founding and Emeritus Provost for the Global Digital Academy and the Distinguished Scholar and Senior Dean for Arts and Sciences at Wilberforce University, America's first private HBCU. In every position held by this noted Scholar, his personal core values centered and from early on embedded concerns for elevating social justice through higher education leadership. Joseph's alma mater, the University of Oregon, recognized his leadership in this profound regard, and the Thurgood Marshall Fund awarded Joseph the "Outstanding Leadership in Higher Education" Certificate for his founding of the nation's first Executive Ph.D. (EPhD) program in urban higher education leadership for aspiring HBCU leaders. Joseph was the first and still only African-American male to graduate with the Ph.D. degree in higher educational policy and management. Still committed to lifelong learning, Joseph takes classes at his neighborhood community college and studies human brain and hand neurology at Embry Riddle Aeronautical University

Examines diplomatic role of Okoi Arikpo during Biafran War in Nigeria. The book explores his diplomatic engagements and how they shaped the international politics of the fighting.

Sino-African relations feature controversies, tensions, and biases fueled by the subjective viewpoints of various actors and observers. China in Africa examines these issues through interviews with African and Chinese policymakers, diplomats, professionals, and corporate managers.