Böcker av Wajih Ibrahim Saadeh

This chapter entails a brief case history of moving human groups of people from a place to another in Belad Al-Sham, searching for safety, security, and survival. The introduction is meant to inform the reader of the principle chain links which grew and developed, and enumerated such human movements, leading those groups of people to a happy ending in spite of the many difficulties they encountered before reaching their goals and the place they wanted to live in. Furthermore, the information is planned to treat these movements both socially and politically to the reader to advance clarity of this human outset, and therefore to understand the contents of chapters explaining the background of those moving groups, their beliefs, their characteristics and their ambitions. Including as well, the places they covered in this moving episode and the towns or cities they settled in during their long and difficult journey, and then had to leave them to reach their dream destiny. They knew they are here to make successful steps to advance human thinking, morality and charity, national belonging and learning. They were men and women of courage, and most of all, of good character, spirited and refined. However, at points the reader may counter certain information repetitions in these chapters, and those are meant, to bring attention to the principles connecting the story of those moving groups, who continued their journey to reach a destination, and give services to humanity, and advance human civilization and culture.

As we finish of what geography requires of us, we now dwell on giving a clear account to the important natural impact of the desert and other sections and regions of the peninsula on the people as topography affects them and colors the weaves of their fabric. Topography gives us a clue of how and why people believe and think in such a fashion and how they differ from other people in another natural topography. Aside from that, it imprints upon the people a denominator and a common natural bond. Meanwhile, we are equipped with whatever factors we examined above, and are ready to discuss the early people of the Arabian Peninsula and their development of a tribal state system, as some tribes began to establish themselves within a permanent geographical location, functioning as a sociopolitical entity independent like city states in early Europe. Arab tribes were pagan and had many natural and physical gods. Tribes had special gods, and seldom, a single tribe had one adopted god too. At a later stage, we find some tribal heads confessing Judaism and converting therefore number of their tribes to this faith.

The extent of Arab diffusion in the Orient in the first century BC, around 64 /63 BC, the year of Pompey''s settlement in Syria, rendered by Arab groups who were moving from north to south then. Those were in the region centuries before the Romans, and migrated from south to north, from southern Arabia, north to Syria, including southern Anatolia, and parts of Mesopotamia. Such migrations took place at occasions, during the gradual destruction of the Ma''reb Dam in Yeman which took place before 447.