Böcker av Steven Blair

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) happens when microbes develop mechanisms that guard them against the outcomes of antimicrobials. The agents that kill or stop the growth of microorganisms are called antimicrobials. The classification of antimicrobials is based on their function. For instance, antibiotics are used against bacteria and antifungals are used against fungi. The main causes of rising antimicrobial resistance are the usage of antimicrobials in humans and other animals, and the dissemination of resistant strains between the two. The multifold rise in resistance has also been related to the pharmaceutical sector releasing insufficiently treated effluents in the environment, particularly in nations where bulk medicines are made. Antimicrobials boost selective pressure in microbial populations, leading to the death of vulnerable microorganisms. This results in a rise in the percentage of resistant bacteria that survive. Resistant bacteria usually have a growth advantage and proliferate faster than vulnerable bacteria, even at very low levels of antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance is becoming more widespread, necessitating the development of alternate treatments. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed the study of antimicrobial resistance and aided its advancement. It will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field of study.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes develop mechanisms to protect themselves from the effects of antimicrobials. It appears in bacteria as a result of protein upregulation, which enables a subpopulation of resistant bacteria to multiply through the process of natural selection. A few of the major causes of AMR are lack of sanitation, accessibility to clean water and hygiene, and a lack of access to quality and reasonably priced vaccines, medications and diagnostics. A few other factors which can result in AMR are lack of legislative enforcement, overuse and misuse of antimicrobials, inadequate disease and infection prevention in health-care facilities, as well as a lack of knowledge and awareness. Treatment of bacterial infections has become more challenging due to rising AMR and multiple resistances. It can be prevented by limiting the duration of antibiotic treatment and usage of antibiotics. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to antimicrobial resistance. It contains a detailed explanation of the various clinical and epidemiological aspects of antimicrobial resistance. This book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area of study as well as for experts.