Böcker av MEINE VAN NOORDWIJK

As a dynamic interface between agriculture and forestry, agroforestry has only recentlybeen formally recognized as a relevant part of land use with ''trees outside forest'' inimportant parts of the world-but not everywhere yet. The Sustainable DevelopmentGoals have called attention to the need for the multifunctionality of landscapes thatsimultaneously contribute to multiple goals. In the UN decade of landscape restoration,as well as in response to the climate change urgency and biodiversity extinction crisis, anincrease in global tree cover is widely seen as desirable, but its management by farmersor forest managers remains contested. Agroforestry research relates tree-soil-crop-livestock interactions at the plot level with landscape-level analysis of social-ecologicalsystems and efforts to transcend the historical dichotomy between forest and agricultureas separate policy domains. An ''ecosystem services'' perspective quantifies landproductivity, flows of water, net greenhouse gas emissions, and biodiversity conservation,and combines an ''actor'' perspective (farmer, landscape manager) with that of''downstream'' stakeholders (in the same watershed, ecologically conscious consumerselsewhere, global citizens) and higher-level regulators designing land-use policies andspatial zoning.