Böcker av Institute of Town Planning Ussr

The first volume deals with the questions of urbanization and town planning patterns. The introduction reveals the social and economic problems of Soviet town planning. Principal questions of town planning policy are considered, taking into account the prospective development of our society, and principal social demands on the development of towns. The section "Urbanization and Town Growth Control" deals with questions of population distribution all over the USSR territory and analyses the problems of controlling the growth of towns. These questions are of national significance as the growth of large towns and the ever increasing concentration of population in these towns and the dispersion of the other part of the population from numerous not sufficiently well-equipped small- and middle-sized populated areas. The section "Planning of New Towns" is dedicated to questions of new town location and development, their use zoning, the subdivision of their residential areas into districts and neighborhoods, and questions of the efficient organization of cultural and welfare service, of civic centers and internal communications, of the street network, of planting and rest zones. The part bearing the title of "Reconstruction of Towns" analyzes the principal questions and the general policy of the reconstruction of towns, the peculiarities of small-town planning structure, and reveals the possibilities for the revival of large towns. Special attention is being paid to the rehabilitation of town centers and to the staging of operations in reconstruction. The section "Town Traffic and Transport" deals with problems concerning the organization of public and individual car transport, taking into account such factors as convenience, safety and speed of movement, problems of street network reorganization and of differentiation of streets and roads according to type and speed of traffic, as well as problems of external transport development and reconstruction.

The second volume is dedicated to a detailed analysis of questions connected with the development of separate parts or regions of a town. It deals with such questions as planning and building-up of industrial and residential schemes as the organization of cultural and welfare facilities for a town as a whole and for its individual regions. Great attention is paid to the question of planting. The section "Planning and Development of Town Industrial Regions" deals with problems concerning the planning organization of such regions. This section includes requirements concerning the planning and the development of industrial estates in new as well as in existing towns. The section "Planning and Development of Residential Areas" considers questions concerning the progress of housing at different stages of our country's development. The section "Network of Cultural and Welfare Facilities" generalizes the experience obtained in the location of cultural and welfare establishments, gives an account of objective natural phenomena acting in the field of population servicing, determines the basic principles for locating service establishments both in the town itself and in the suburban zone, and outlines the way for the development of service facilities in the first period of building as well as in long-term planning. The section "System of Planting" deals with the part played by plants and greenery in the improvement of the town microclimate and of the sanitary conditions.

Volume 4 of the monograph is dedicated to the architectural and aesthetic problems of town development. The first chapter reveals the essence of architectural and aesthetic problems and their place among the other town planning problems dealt within the preceding volumes. The second chapter analyses such basic notions of town development as traditions, continuity and innovation. These notions are analysed by means of concrete examples of towns. The authors reveal the regularity factor characterizing the shaping of internal spaces, sky-lines and panoramas of towns. The third, fourth and fifth chapters deal with principles of architectural composition, with rules and devices contributing to the shaping of ensembles. Various examples of comprehensive development and of creating parks and gardens are analyzed here. Special attention is paid to the problem of integrating architectural monuments into modern development. The sixth chapter is devoted to questions concerning numerous and various engineering facilities within the town borders, and analyzes the aesthetic value of engineering structures. A special section of the chapter deals with the so-called "small forms" and their utilization in the town amenity. The last, seventh, chapter analyzes the question of synthesis of arts in town planning, gives characteristics of monumental sculpture and painting and describes methods of integrating monuments and memorial structures into the town ensembles. In the closing section of the volume one finds the summing up of the problems investigated and analyzed in volume 4 and taken in connection with the subjects of the preceding volumes. The monograph is intended for architects, town planners, scientific workers, teachers and students of architectural and building institutes, workers of the City Soviet of Working People's Deputies. The book acquaints foreign readers with numerous questions concerning the theory and the practice of the Soviet town planning.

The third volume deals with the most important engineering and economic questions of Soviet town planning. In the section "The Town Planning Economy" chief attention is paid to problems of utilizing manpower resources, to methods applied for the selection of territory, for the determination of building height, and for the reconstruction of towns. Being based on wide experience gained in the USSR the section "Site preparation" classifies methods of engineering works, gives examples of such works and suggests appropriate recommendations. The section "Water Supply, Sewerage and Sanitary Purification" considers modern systems of supplying towns with water, of sewage disposal, and of atmosphere and water purification. In the section dedicated to "Power Supply" one sees modern schemes of electric-heat-gas supply, recommendations concerning their selection; the section, as well, deals with the question of possible influence of new kinds of power resources and new methods of power generation on town planning. The last section - "Industrialization of Town Building" - presents materials defining the history and the tendencies of industrialization of building and gives exemplary schemes of its organization. In all the sections great attention is being paid to the progressive techniques of engineering equipment. The achievements of Soviet town planning in the field of engineering equipment is illustrated by photos, diagrams and drawings. The book is intended for architects, engineers, economists and other specialists working in the field of town planning. It will be read with interest by foreign readers as well.