Böcker av Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (11 November 1821 - 9 February 1881), sometimes transliterated as Dostoyevsky, was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and journalist. Dostoevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Dostoevsky's body of works consists of 12 novels, four novellas, 16 short stories, and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest novelists in all of world literature, as multiple of his works are considered highly influential masterpieces. His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature.

Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский (дореф. Ѳедоръ Михайловичъ Достоевскій; 30 октября 1821, Москва, Российская империя -- 28 января 1881, Санкт-Петербург, Российская империя) -- русский писатель, мыслитель, философ и публицист. Член-корреспондент Петербургской АН с 1877 года.Как в начале, так и в продолжении своего литературного творчества после четырёх лет каторги и ссылки за участие в кружке Петрашевского Достоевский выступал в качестве новатора в русле традиций русского реализма, что не получило должной оценки современников при жизни писателя.После смерти Достоевский был признан классиком русской литературы и одним из лучших романистов мирового значения, считается первым представителем персонализма в России. Творчество русского писателя оказало воздействие на мировую литературу, в частности, на творчество ряда лауреатов Нобелевской премии по литературе, на становление экзистенциализма и фрейдизма.К наиболее значительным произведениям писателя относятся романы «великого пятикнижия'. Романы «Преступление и наказание', «Идиот', «Бесы' и «Братья Карамазовы' включены в список 100 лучших книг Норвежского книжного клуба 2002 года. Многие известные произведения Достоевского многократно экранизировались и инсценировались в театре, ставились балетные и оперные постановки. (wikipedia.org)

Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский (1821 -1881) -- один из самых значительных и известных в мире русских писателей и мыслителей. Он родился в Москве и был вторым сыном из восьмерых детей семейства. В 1832 писатель и его старший брат Михаил начали заниматься с приходившими в дом учителями, с 1833 обучались в пансионе Н. И. Драшусова, затем в пансионе Л. И. Чермака. Вместе с тем годы учебы отмечены пробудившейся страстью к чтению. С января 1838 Достоевский учился в Главном инженерном училище (впоследствии всегда считал, что выбор учебного заведения был ошибочным). В училище оформились первые литературные замыслы. По окончании училища, прослужив меньше года в Петербургской инженерной команде, летом 1844 Достоевский уволился в чине поручика, решив полностью отдаться литературному творчеству. Ещё во время учёбы в училище Достоевский с 1840 по 1842 год работал над драмами «Мария Стюарт' и «Борис Годунов'. В январе 1844 года писал брату, что закончил драму «Жид Янкель'. Эти первые юношеские произведения не сохранились. В конце 1843 и начале 1844 года он переводил роман Эжена Сю «Матильда', и, немного позднее, роман Жорж Санд «Последняя из Альдини', одновременно начав работу над собственным романом «Бедные люди'. В то же время Достоевский писал рассказы, которые не были закончены. Сочинения первого периода творчества молодого писателя принадлежали различным жанрам юмористического рассказа («Роман в девяти письмах', 1845), физиологического очерка (фельетоны «Петербургской летописи', 1847), рассказа («Господин Прохарчин' (1846), «Ползунков' (1847), «Честный вор' (1848)), святочного рассказа («Ёлка и свадьба', 1848), повести («Хозяйка' (1847), «Слабое сердце' (1848), «Белые ночи' (1848)).Достоевский скончался в Петербурге 1881. (wikipedia.org)

The Gambler is a short novel by Fyodor Dostoyevsky about a young tutor. The novella reflects Dostoyevsky's own addiction to roulette, which was one of the inspiration for the book: Dostoyevsky completed the novella under a strict deadline to pay off gambling debts. The Gambler treated a subject Fyodor Dostoevsky himself was familiar with-gambling

The shorter works of one of the world's greatest writers, including the classics The Gambler and Notes From the Underground.The short works of Dostoevsky exist in the very large shadow of his astonishing longer novels, but they too are among the best works in the history of literature. The Gambler chronicles Dostoevsky's own addiction, which he eventually overcame. Many have argued that Notes From the Underground contains several keys to understanding the themes of the longer novels, like Crime and Punishment and The Idiot. Those stories are joined here by other classics, including White Nights and The Eternal Husband.In the introduction to this volume, Ronald Hingley writes: ?It is admittedly impossible to evaluate or understand Dostoevsky's major work properly without taking into account his less voluminous writings, (and) it is also true that many of his shorter works are masterpieces in their own right?as it is hoped the reader may remind himself or discover for the first time...?

Notes from Underground, also translated as Notes from the Underground or Letters from the Underworld, is an 1864 novella by Fyodor Dostoevsky. Notes is considered by many to be one of the first existentialist novels. It presents itself as an excerpt from the rambling memoirs of a bitter, isolated, unnamed narrator (generally referred to by critics as the Underground Man), who is a retired civil servant living in St. Petersburg. The first part of the story is told in monologue form, or the underground man's diary, and attacks emerging Western philosophy, especially Nikolay Chernyshevsky's What Is to Be Done?[2] The second part of the book is called "Apropos of the Wet Snow" and describes certain events that appear to be destroying and sometimes renewing the underground man, who acts as a first person, unreliable narrator and anti-hero.Serving as an introduction into the perplexing mind of the narrator, this part is split into nine chapters. The introduction to the chapters propounds a number of riddles whose meanings are further developed as the narration continues. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 deal with suffering and the irrational pleasure of suffering. Chapters 5 and 6 discuss the moral and intellectual fluctuation the narrator feels along with his conscious insecurities regarding "inertia"-inaction. Chapters 7, 8 and 9 cover theories of reason and logic, closing with the last two chapters as a summary and transition into Part 2.The narrator's desire for unhappiness is exemplified by his liver pain and toothache. The narrator mentions that utopian society removes suffering and pain, but man desires both things and needs them to be happy. According to the narrator, removing pain and suffering in society takes away a man's freedom. This parallels Raskolnikov's behavior in Dostoevsky's later novel, Crime and Punishment. He says that the cruelty of society makes human beings moan about pain only to spread their suffering to others. He builds up his own paranoia to the point that he is incapable of looking his co-workers in the eye.The main issue for the Underground Man is that he has reached a point of ennui and inactivity.

Upon the untimely death of the brutal Fyodor Karamazov, a dramatic unravelling ensues. The murder of a man who has lived solely, and heedlessly, to satiate himself is hardly tragic, but proves to alter the lives of his three sons. The passionate and turbulent Dmitri's enmity with his father is well-known; the coldly intellectual Ivan realizes that his rationalism has unexpected consequences; the infallible Alyosha strives to keep his faith in the face of conflict. Vastly different, yet bound by circumstance, each must resolve his culpability in the crime.On the surface, the novel grapples with base things; money, rivalry and murder. At a deeper level, it ponders fundamental questions concerning free will and morality, suffering and forgiveness and, finally, the possibility of redemption in a bleak world. Completed shortly before Dostoyevsky's death, The Brothers Karamazov is considered to be his richest novel.

Fyodor Dostoyevsky's final novel, considered to be the culmination of his life's work, "The Brothers Karamazov" is the story of the murder of Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov, whose four sons are all to some degree complicit in the crime. Fyodor is a contemptible man who during his two marriages has three sons, Dmitri, Ivan, and Alexei. A fourth, Pavel, whom he employs as his servant, is suspected to be the illegitimate product of a union with "Reeking Lizaveta," a mute woman of the street who died in childbirth. Fyodor takes little interest in the raising of his children and as a result finds himself in a contentious relationship with them. Within the context of this crime story evolves a brilliant philosophical debate of religion, reason, liberty, and the nature of guilt in a modernizing society. Considered by Sigmund Freud as "The most magnificent novel ever written," Dostoyevsky's "The Brothers Karamazov," remains to this day to be regarded as one of the finest accomplishments of literature in any language. Through the lives and loves of the Karamazovs, Dostoyevsky presents a compelling examination of Russian life in the 19th century. This edition is printed on premium acid-free paper and follows the translation of Constance Garnett.

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