Böcker i Springer Theses-serien

This book describes efforts to improve subject-independent automated classification techniques using a better feature extraction method and a more efficient model of classification.

This book examines the electronic structure of earth-abundant and environmentally friendly materials for use as absorber layers within photovoltaic cells.

This exhaustive work sheds new light on unsolved questions in gamma-ray astrophysics. In turn, the book discusses constraints on particle acceleration and gamma-ray production in microquasar jets, based on the analyses of MAGIC data on Cygnus X-1, Cygnus X-3 and V404 Cygni.

The research in this book represents the culmination of a drive to build the first discharge gas laser unencumbered by the effects of diffraction. This breakthrough has been achieved through careful implementation of a discharge within a hollow-core optical fibre, and by developing measurement and analysis techniques to demonstrate laser action in an experimental optical cavity.Gas lasers were amongst the earliest laser types to be demonstrated and commercialised, but it was recognised that noble gas lasers were limited by the minimum bore diameter of the laser tube, which is set by diffraction. The advent, in 2011, of hollow optical fibres with optical and physical properties suitable for gas discharge lasers opened up the opportunity to break this diffraction limit. Using a mixture of helium and xenon gas, lasing in the mid-infrared range was achieved using a 100µm core flexible hollow optical fibre which, at 1m long, is several hundred times the diffraction-limited Rayleigh length.

Starting from a broad overview of heat transport based on the Boltzmann Transport Equation, this book presents a comprehensive analysis of heat transport in bulk and nanomaterials based on a kinetic-collective model (KCM).

This book uses new data from the very low radio frequency telescope LOFAR to analyse the magnetic structure in the giant radio galaxy NGC6251.

This book presents three major studies covering exomoon and exoplanet detection and characterisation. Firstly, it reports the observations and analysis of the atmosphere of the hot Neptune GJ3470b, one of the lowest-mass planets with a measured atmosphere, using transmission spectroscopy techniques. The result provided improved measurements of Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere and the first limits on additional planetary companions in the system. The second part discusses modeling a Kepler-like satellite's ability of a to detect exomoons by looking for transit timing variations and transit duration variations, demonstrating how exomoons can unambiguously be identified from such data.Lastly, the book examines the development of a state-of-the-art Galactic microlensing simulator, which has been made publicly available. It was used to compare with the largest published sample of microlensing events from the MOA-II survey.

This book on space geodesy presents pioneering geometrical approaches in the modelling of satellite orbits and gravity field of the Earth, based on the gravity field missions CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE in the LEO orbit.

This book reports on the design, synthesis and characterization of new small molecule electron acceptors for polymer solar cells.

This book studies the dynamics of fundamental collective excitations in quantum materials, focusing on the use of state-of-the-art ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy.

This thesis discusses the use of asymmetric organic catalysis for the direct enantioselective synthesis of complex chiral molecules, and by addressing the many aspects of both vinylogy and atropisomerism, it appeals to researchers and scholars interested in both areas.Organocatalysis is a relatively modern and "hot" topic in the chemical community; it is constantly expanding and its use has been extended to interesting areas like vinylogous reactivity and atropisomerism. Vinylogous systems are very important for their synthetic applications but also pose a number of challenges, the most notable of which are their reduced reactivity and the reduced stereocontrol at these positions. On the other hand, atropisomeric systems are even more important because of the huge potential they have as drugs, ligands and catalysts. Chemists have only recently "recognized" the importance of these two areas and are focusing their efforts on studying them and the challenges they pose. This thesis offers an extensive introduction on the general aspects of chirality and organocatalysis and an equally extensive experimental section that allow nonexperts to understand the discussion section and reproduce the experiments.

The book introduces novel Bayesian topic models for detection of events that are different from typical activities and a novel framework for change point detection for identifying sudden behavioural changes.Behaviour analysis and anomaly detection are key components of intelligent vision systems.

This thesis investigates the use of blade-pitch control and real-time wind measurements to reduce the structural loads on the rotors and blades of wind turbines.

In particular, deeply virtual Compton scattering at large photon virtuality and small four-momentum transfer to the proton provides a tool for deriving a three-dimensional tomographic image of the proton.

This book is devoted to various aspects of self-assembly of gold nanoparticles at liquid-liquid interfaces and investigation of their properties. Therefore, Chapters 3 to 5 are dedicated to explore fundamental aspects of charged nanoparticles self-assembly and to investigate optical properties (extinction and reflectance) in a through manner.

This book presents four approaches to jointly training bidirectional neural machine translation (NMT) models. First, in order to improve the accuracy of the attention mechanism, it proposes an agreement-based joint training approach to help the two complementary models agree on word alignment matrices for the same training data.

The work presented in this thesis involves a number of sophisticated experiments highlighting novel applications of the Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) camera in the field of photoinduced molecular dynamics.

This highly regarded study analyzes influences on gas well productivity from the perspectives of geomechanics, petrophysics, production engineering, and reservoir engineering. It offers an integrated survey full of fresh insights and data analysis techniques.

This book reports on a new result from the KL 0 search at the J-PARC KOTO experiment, which sets an upper limit of 3x10-9 for the branching fraction of the decay at the 90% confidence level, improving the previous best limit by an order of magnitude.

This book studies the dynamics of 2D objects moving through turbulent fluids. The book also presents a detailed analysis of the falling style of irregular particles, which makes it possible to estimate particle trajectory and wake morphology based on frontal geometry.

After an extensive introduction to the asymptotic safety approach to quantum gravity, this thesis explains recent key advances reported in four influential papers. The author carefully explains how to find the asymptotic form of fixed point solutions within the f(R) approximation.

This thesis devotes three introductory chapters to outlining basic recipes for constructing the quantum Hamiltonian of an arbitrary superconducting circuit, starting from classical circuit design.

The work presented in this book is based on the proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016.

This book presents a novel framework, known as Active Robust Optimization, which provides the tools for evaluating, comparing and optimizing changeable products.

Despite the success of general relativity in explaining classical gravitational phenomena, several problems at the interface between gravitation and high energy physics still remain open. The purpose of this thesis is to explore quantum gravity and its phenomenological consequences for dark matter, gravitational waves and inflation.

This book presents timely work on the nature of the physical processes underpinning two of the basic characteristics of the gas structure in the innermost region of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN): ionized outflows and emission line regions.

A new experimental method - the "Stiffnessometer", is developed to measure elementary properties of a superconductor, including the superconducting stiffness and the critical current. the ability to measure large penetration depths (comparable to sample size), as necessary when approaching the critical temperature;